Post on 07-Apr-2020
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Pilot Gasifier Producer Gas Analysis dand Measurement Arrangements in
Sievi LaboratorySievi Laboratory Kari Pieniniemi, Researcher, CentriaKari Pieniniemi, Researcher, Centria
University of Applied Sciences
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MEASURING LINE AT SIEVI LABORATORY
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MEASURING LINE IN SIEVI LABORATORY
Agilent 490 Micro GCAgilent 490 Micro GC Sample line to Agilent Micro GC
Particle Filter
DryerSilica gel
Membrane Filter
4Sample Pump
AGILENT 490‐MICRO GC QUAD for 1 to 4 ChannelsKuvaa ei voi näyttää. Tietokoneen muisti ei ehkä riitä kuvan avaamiseen, tai kuva on vioittunut. Käynnistä tietokone uudelleen ja avaa sitten tiedosto uudelleen. Jos punainen x-merkki tulee edelleen näkyviin, kuva on ehkä poistettava ja lisättävä uudelleen.
The field case provides “on‐the‐go” measurements
The Agilent 490 Micro GC fifth generation micro gas chromatograph is a rugged compactThe Agilent 490 Micro GC fifth generation micro gas chromatograph is a rugged, compact and portable analyzer for gas quality analysis in the laboratory, on‐line and at‐line and in the field 5
AGILENT 490‐MICRO GC QUAD for 1 to 4 ChannelsEvery channel is a complete, miniaturized GC, with independently controlled injection volume, column oven temperature and carrier gas.
Agilent 490 Micro GC provides gas analysis for e.g.:
oNatural gas / calorific value determinationo Analysis of simple to complex refinery gasesoOil and exploration / mud loggingo Analysis and quality control of specialty gaseso Biogaso Assessing efficiency of catalysts, fuel cell stacks
i i io Air monitoring
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AGILENT 490‐MICRO GC CHANNELS AND COLUMNSChannel 1 – 10m CP‐PoraPLOT Q column, Heated Injector, Backflush (TCD)Channel 2 – 20m CP‐Molsieve 5A column, Heated Injector, Backflush (TCD)
CHANNELS AND COLUMNS
Channel 3 – 10m Al2O3/KCl column, Heated Injector, Backflush (TCD)Channel 4 – 8m CP‐Sil 5 CB column, Heated Injector, (TCD)
PPQ (Pora Plot Q) column
The PPQ column separates:• Hydrocarbons C1‐C6
CP‐Molsieve 5A column
The MS5A column separates : • Hydrogen H2Hydrocarbons C1 C6
• Freons• Anesthetics• H2S
Hydrogen H2• Oxygen O2• Nitrogen N2• Methane CH4H2S
• CO2• SO2• Volatile solvents
4• Carbon monoxide CO• Selected noble gases• permanent gases except Carbon Dioxide
PoraPLOT Q is capable of resolving Methane from the composite air peak and separate CO from methane and the C2 hydrocarbons
CO2
Total analysis time for the permanent gases up to Nitrogen is approximately 3 minutesCO2 from methane and the C2 hydrocarbons to Nitrogen is approximately 3 minutes.
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AGILENT 490‐MICRO GC CHANNELS AND COLUMNSChannel 1 – 10m CP‐PoraPLOT Q column, Heated Injector, Backflush (TCD)Channel 2 – 20m CP‐Molsieve 5A column, Heated Injector, Backflush (TCD)
CHANNELS AND COLUMNS
Channel 3 – 10m Al2O3/KCl column, Heated Injector, Backflush (TCD)Channel 4 – 8m CP‐Sil 5 CB column, Heated Injector, (TCD)
CP‐Sil 5 CB column
The CP‐Sil 5 CB column separates:
Al2O3/KCl column
The Al2O3/KCl column separates:• Hydrocarbons C1‐C31• Nitrogen• Aromatics
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• Saturated and unsaturated light hydrocarbons C1‐C5
• Organic solvents
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AGILENT 490‐MICRO GC A l i f Diff t G U i A il t 490 Mi GCAnalysis of Different Gases Using Agilent 490 Micro GC
Permanent gases on the CP‐Molsieve 5A column channel
Carbon dioxide, and C1 to C3 hydrocarbons, ethane and propane on the CP‐PoraPLOT U channel
Hydorcarbons on the CP‐Sil 5 CB column BTX analysis on the CP‐Sil 5 CB column 9
AGILENT 490‐MICRO GC A l i f Diff t G U i A il t 490 Mi GC
6 Hydrogen sulfide 18 1‐Butene10 Propane 19 iso Butene
Analysis of Different Gases Using Agilent 490 Micro GC
10 Propane 19 iso‐Butene12 Propylene 20 cis‐2‐Butene13 iso‐Butane 21 iso‐Pentane14 n‐Butane 22 n‐Pentane15 Propadiene 23 1 3‐Butadiene15 Propadiene 23 1,3‐Butadiene17 trans‐2‐Butene 24 Propyne
C3 – C5 hydrocarbons on Al2O3/KCl column
Agilent 490 Micro GC separates Helium, Neon and Hydrogen (ppm level) with high % level of Oxygen andHydrogen (ppm level) with high % level of Oxygen and Nitrogen(Air) using CP‐Molsieve 5A column
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Agilent 490 Micro GC for the Monitoring of a Biomass Gasifier
BTX compounds on CP‐Sil 5 CB column.The product gas consists of roughly • 5–15% Carbon monoxide, • 10–15% Hydrogen, 3 5%M h• 3–5% Methane,
• 10–20% Carbon dioxide, • 40–60% Nitrogen, and • 5 15% Water also
BTX analysis on the CP‐Sil 5 CB column
• 5–15% Water, also (poly)aromatic compounds, minor inorganic species, and particles are present in the gas.
Permanent gases on CP‐Molsieve 5A column . Carbon dioxide on CP‐PoraPLOT U column.
Permanent gases H2, N2, CH4, CO on the CP‐Molsieve 5A column channel
CO2 and C1 to C3 hydrocarbons, methane, ethane and propane on the CP‐PoraPLOT U column 11
Agilent 490 Micro GC for the Monitoring of a Biomass Gasifier
EXAMPLE
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MEASURING LINE IN SIEVI LABORATORY
Sample Probeand Heated Sample line
GASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
Portable Sampling Unit
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GASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
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GASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
Gasmet™ FTIR gas analyzers can performGasmet FTIR gas analyzers can perform simultaneous measurement of both organic and inorganic compounds and analyze hot, wet and corrosive gas streams.
o Sampling unito Heated sampling line
and corrosive gas streams. • Concentrations of up to 50 different
compounds can be measured within seconds. o Heated sampling line
o Sampling probe • Measurement capabilities range from ppb’s up to percent levels.
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GASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
FTIR MEASURING PRINCIPLE
Quantitative AnalysisFFT y
FFTQualitative Analysis
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GASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
Product gas sample and CH4 (red) Product gas sample and CO (red)Product gas sample and CO2 (red)
FTIR Analysis of The Production Gas
Product gas sample and H2O (red) Product gas sample and Ethylene (red) Product gas sample and Propene (red)
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Calculation methodGASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
Reference Spectra (not to same scale):Sample spectrum
Calculation method
SO2 300 mg/Nm3Water 10 vol‐% SO2 300 mg/NmWater 10 vol %
1000150020002500300035004000
Calcmet analysis:0.881 * Water 10 vol‐%
CO2 10 vol‐% NH3 100 mg/Nm3
1.112 * CO2 10 vol‐%0.995 * CO 1000 mg/Nm3
0.910 * NO 300 mg/Nm3 0.810 * SO2 300 mg/Nm3
CO 1000 mg/Nm3
HCl 50 mg/Nm3
0.660 * NH3 100 mg/Nm3
0.082 * HCl 50 mg/Nm3
0.210 * Methane 50 mg/Nm3
Calculated spectrum
NO 300 mg/Nm3 Methane 50 mg/Nm3
Concentrations: Water 8.81 vol‐% SO2 243 mg/Nm3
Calculated spectrum
1000150020002500300035004000 18
CO2 11.12 vol‐%CO 955 mg/Nm3
NO 274 mg/Nm3
NH3 66.0 mg/Nm3
HCl 4.1 mg/Nm3
Methane 10.5 mg/Nm3
GASMET DX‐4000 FTIR Gas Analyzer
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FTIR Analysis of The Production Gas
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1,5
bsorbance
0,5
1Ab
0
9001400190024002900340039004400wave numbercm‐1wave number cm
CO2 10% CO 100 PPM ETAANI 99,5 PPM ETYLEENI 50 PPM H2O 10% HCL 50.7 ppm HNO3 63,6 PPM
N2O 100 PPM NH3 51,.4 PPM NO2 52,5 PPM NO 200 PPM CH4 20PPM SEOS 5
Linear combination (red) of the independent gas components of known ( ) p g pconcentration
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MEASURING LINE IN SIEVI LABORATORY
lPITOT TUBE Flow Meter
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Pitot Tube Measurement, How to calculate the Volume FlowDry Gas Density in STP
is based on Agilent 490 Micro GC measurement
Pitot Tube MaeasurementDynamic pressure is a function of wet gasvelocity in the channel conditions (truestate)
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Pitot Tube Measurement
Wet Gas Density in STP
is based on GASMET measurement
Corrected wet gas velocity in the channelconditions
Wet gas density in the channel coditions
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Pitot Tube MeasurementWet gas Volume Flow rate in the channel DRY GAS VOLUME FLOW RATE in STP
WET GAS VOLUME FLOW RATE in STP
Wet gas volume flow rate in channel (p,T) canbe corrected to wet gas volume flow rate in STP (pn, Tn) by using temperature and pressure correction factor
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MEASURING LINE IN SIEVI LABORATORY
FunFunVariable Speed Drive
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