Planning and Safety: A Comprehensive and Collaborative Process Michael D. Meyer, P.E., Professor...

transcript

Planning and Safety: A Comprehensive and

Collaborative Process

Michael D. Meyer, P.E., Professor

School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Georgia Institute of Technology

Institutionally, we often meet challenges through mode-oriented

organizational, process & funding silos

Highway Trust Fund

Sec 148

DOTLocal

Is this any way to develop the best comprehensive safety program?

And, even inside SDOT’s……

My ThesisAlthough the focus of this meeting and your

professional interest is mostly on how to

develop a comprehensive highway safety

plan, you can have strong leverage in

influencing larger levels of investment that

occur through the transportation planning

and programming processes.

What skills do transportation planners

bring to the table?

-- Know the transportation process and the

funding “system”

-- Usually have good outreach and public

information capabilities

-- Comfortable with analysis and modeling

-- Good at providing the larger context

-- Tend to have a longer term vision

-- Many are entrepreneurial and willing to be

innovative

Generic Steps in Planning

EnvironmentalQuality

Economic Development

Mobility and Accessibility

VisionGoals and Objectives

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Implementation of Strategies

Short- (3-5 year) Range Program

AlternativeImprovement

Strategies

DataAnalysis Methods

Other Sources for Project

SystemOperations

Evaluation

Policies

Operations strategies

Infrastructure projects

Studies

Regulations

Education and awareness

Enforcement

Financing strategies

Partnerships

Collaborative undertakings

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Understanding the Problem

Steps in Transportation Planning

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Safety Included in Vision

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Evaluation

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Evaluation

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Safety Performance

Measures

Safety Statedin Goals

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Safety Data Continuously

Collected

Safety Included in Analysis

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Evaluation

Consider Education Enforcement and

Emergency Response

Safety StrategiesConsidered

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Safety Strategies Included

Safety Partof Criteria Set

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Evaluation

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Safety Integrated within Plan

Safety Projects

Programmed

Safety ExplicitlyPart of Project

Implementation

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Evaluation

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Continuous Monitoring of Safety in Operations

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Evaluation

PerformanceMeasures

Long- Range Plan

Strategies

SystemOperations

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Policies

Studies

Regulations

Enforcement

Partnerships

Collaboration with safety stakeholders and the public

Safety Included in Vision

Safety Statedin Goals

Safety Performance

Measures

Continuous Monitoring of Safety in Operations

Safety Integrated within Plan

Safety Projects

Programmed

Safety ExplicitlyPart of Project

Implementation

Safety Strategies Included

Safety Partof Criteria set

Safety Data Continuously

Collected

Safety Included in Analysis

Consider Education Enforcement and

Emergency Response

Evaluation

Safety StrategiesConsidered

Assessing Your Planning Process…..

Does the vision statement for the planning process include safety?

Is there at least one planning goal and at least two objectives related to safety?

Are safety-related performance measures part of the set being used by the agency?

Are safety-related data used in problem identification and for identifying potential solutions?

Are safety analysis tools used regularly to analyze the potential impacts of prospective strategies and actions?

Are the evaluation criteria used for assessing the relative merits of different strategies and projects include safety issues?

Do the products of the planning process include at least some actions that focus on transportation safety?

To the extent that a prioritization scheme is used to develop a program of action for an agency, is safety one of the priority factors?

Is there a systematic monitoring process that collects data on the safety-related characteristics of transportation system performance, and feeds this information back into the planning and decision-making process?

Are all of the key safety stakeholders involved in the planning process?

Minimum Guarantee

Planning Funds

Insurance industry

Automobile manufacturers

Private companies

Foundations

Non Traditional Planning Funds

Some State Examples

Minnesota’s Statewide Plan Policy Direction

Supporting each Policy:Outcomes ExpectedPerformance MeasuresPerformance TargetsGuidance for Use of PolicyExample Strategies for Policy

Implementation

Policy 7: Increase the Safety andSecurity of the TransportationSystems and their Users

Outcomes Reduce crash rates, fatalities and

personal injuries for all modes of transportation.

Maintain the security of travelers, freight and transportation systems.

Measures

Trunk Highway Crash Rate

Total Crashes - aviation - at-grade railroad crossings

Total Fatalities

Safety Relationship to Business Activities

Target:ReduceFatalities

Target:Reduce # of

High Crash Locations

Target:Replace 100% of striping on

schedule to achieve 365-day reflectivity

Action:Adjust signal phasing

Statewide Plan

District Plans & ATIP

Business Plan

Operations

Minnesota’s Prioritization Process

Minnesota’s Critical Strategy Categories

The 2005 update to the Washington Transportation Plan (WTP) is “a blueprintfor transportation programs and investments.”

State of Washington Laws and Regulations Directing State Action

Florida Short Range Component and Performance Report: Focus Area--Safety

By 2011, reduce the highway fatality rate on all public roads to or below 1.3 fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles traveled.

By 2011, reduce the highway fatality rate on the State Highway System to or below 1.5 fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles traveled.

By 2011, reduce the bicyclist fatality rate to or below 0.19 fatalities per 100,000 population.

By 2011, reduce the pedestrian fatality rate to or below 2.35 fatalities per 100,000 population.

Goal: A safer and more secure transportation system for residents, businesses, and visitors

Improve the safety of all modes of transportation comprising Florida’s transportation system, for all users, including roadway intersections and locations where modes intersect. Reduce the rates of motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries through design techniques and the application of the “4 E’s” engineering, education, enforcement, and emergency response strategies.

Goal: A safer and more secure transportation system for residents, businesses, and visitors

Focus resources proactively where opportunities for safety improvements are greatest, as identified by best available data and trends. Improve the security of Florida’s transportation system to deter and respond to attacks on transportation facilities or domestic targets, while ensuring mobility for all users.

Implementation Responsibility

--- Involves entities outside of the transportation field and require close coordination and effective working relationships with adequate support at all levels.

--- Safety lead roles involve FDOT and the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles (Florida Highway Patrol) at the state level and local governments and metropolitan planning organizations at the local level.

Implementation Responsibility, cont’d

--- Security lead roles involve the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the Transportation Security Administration, other designated federal agencies, and the Florida Department of Law Enforcement, with FDOT and other transportation partners in a shared role focused on improving security of the transportation system.

Key Implementation Strategies

Include a safety improvement element with accountability measures in all aspects of transportation, from planning through implementation and operations.

Implement security policies and strategies to deter and respond to attacks on the transportation system and to deter use of the system to carry out attacks against domestic targets, while maintaining the intended function of the system.

Key Implementation Strategies, cont’d

Improve the safety of roads in rural and economically distressed areas.

Increase the use of intelligent transportation systems technology as a tool to improve transportation safety and security.

Improve compatibility of communications and other critical equipment used by FDOT and federal, state, and local safety and security responders.

Support safe and effective emergency management all levels – statewide, regional, and local – through appropriate connectivity among all elements of the transportation system and through coordinated planning among all partners.

Ensure that national security transportation needs involving Florida’s military facilities can be met during normal and elevated periods in future planning for the Strategic Intermodal System.

Coordinate with the U.S. DoD and other partners in planning for Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET) and Strategic Rail Corridor Network (STRACNET) facilities that are also part of the Strategic Intermodal System (SIS) or provide direct connections between military facilities and the SIS.

Implement GIS capabilities for plotting crash data and provide statewide access to all safety partners.

Consider the travel information needs of Florida’s foreign visitors and non-English speaking residents where appropriate.

Road fatalities per head of population:Queensland, 1967-1998

201202

203204

0.10BAC

(1968)

Front seatbelts

(1969)

0.08 BAC(1974)

0.05 BAC(1982)

RBT(1988)

RID scheme(1986)

Qld Road SafetyStrategy (RRW,

bicyclehelmets,

etc (1993)

SpeedManagement

Strategy(1997)

Qld RoadSafety

Action Plan(1996) Qld Road

SafetyAction Plan(1997-98)

Steady improvements in road & vehicle engineering and emergency & medical procedures throughout the period

IncreasedRBT

(1997)

Creating Knowledge from Data

Pavement ConditionRoad Inventory DataBridge inventory

Travel InformationTravel TimeTraffic counts

Freight RoutesLightingTraffic SignalsPole locationsSpeed ZonesPublic TransportRoutes

Crash DataData MatchingCrash MapsCrash RatesBlackspots

Road Safety

Strategies & Policies

What can transportation planners do for

safety planning?

-- Data collectors and analyzers

-- Synthesizers and problem identifiers

-- Liaison with locals

-- Help establish goals/objs

-- Provide a forum for discussions and

decisions on priorities

-- Ties to funding

-- And most importantly, they plan….

The key issue is howto cross functional responsibilities andalign resources toactually implementimprovements.

Finding a common ground for communication

Planning can provide a forum and a “push”...otherwise the silos will have a gravitational attraction

Planning and Safety: A Comprehensive and Collaborative Process Michael D. Meyer, P.E., Professor...

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