Please pass back the permission slip and

read the board!

Welcome!

Field work next week – Water quality testing

Mon Tues Wed Th Fri

Assign test, practice

Practice test In field to run test

In field to run test

Analyze results

CLEAN WATER

Have you ever been in a place where you can’t drink the

water?

Pollutant of the Day!

Pathogens

Concerns:Concerns: Improvements:Improvements:

2.6 billion people do not have adequately clean water

rural habitants are 5 times less likely to use improved drinking water than those in urban centers.

84% of the population in developing regions are using an improved source;

in 2000, 1 billion more people used such a source than in 1990.

World Health Organization Statistics:

UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication

One out of four urban dwellers does not have access to improved sanitation facilities.

90% of all waste water in developing countries is discharged untreated, polluting rivers, lakes and seas.

Every day, 2 million tons of sewage and other effluents drain into the world's waters

Bacterial pathogens

Typhoid – diarrhea, severe vomiting, inflamed intestines

Cholera – diarrhea, severe vomitingDysentery – diarrhea, usually only fatal in

infants

Giardia protezoan – diarrhea, cramps, fatigue

Schistosomiasis – parasitic worm

Guinea worm – burns as it leaves the human body

'Fiery serpent' ... A guinea worm emerges from the leg of a south Sudanese girl. (Reuters: Skye Wheeler, file photo)

How are all of these passed on?

Global water initiatives

The Life Straw

LifeStraw Swiss-based Vestergaard Frandsen for tourists and people living in developing nations. There are several models of the product: LifeStraw Personal filters a minimum of 700 litres of water, enough for one person and one year. LifeStraw Family filters a minimum of 18,000 litres of water, providing safe drinking water for a family for more than two years. It removes 99.9999% of waterborne bacteria, 99.99% of viruses, and 99.9% of parasites. LifeStraw Personal kills 99.9999% of waterborne bacteria and 98.5% of viruses.

OK, so what happens to water in the US?

trap greases & large solids & discharge the remaining wastes over

drainage field

Septic Tanks – out in the Septic Tanks – out in the countrycountry

Fig. 12–26© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

OK, so what happens to MY water?

involves screens & settling tanks to remove solids from sewage

Primary TreatmentPrimary Treatment

Fig. 12–27© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

uses biological processes to break down biodegradable, oxygen–demanding wastes

Secondary TreatmentSecondary Treatment

Fig. 12–27© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

uses one or more processes to remove specific pollutantsAdvanced TreatmentAdvanced Treatment

Fig. 12–28 © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

Sewage treatment facilities are SOURCES of pathogens IF

Volume is too great, causing material to move through too quickly.

Leaks in the system or other technical damage

In northern US, storm drains and sewage treatment plants are often combined systems. Big storms can cause overflow.

Wichita Falls, Texas 2014

*Heavy duty filtration

*2 decontaminatio

n stages*lots of testing*water

cleaner than reservoir

Constructed wetlands for sewage treatment

Slow water = time to settle solids

Plants absorb nitrates and phosphates

Organic material has time to decompose

Constructed wetlands for sewage treatment

*Primary, Secondary treatment*Eight wetland cells with a variety of broad- and narrow-leaved emergent plants, and six of the cells were planted with three species of woody plants.  *Capacity of the system 13,800 gallons per day.

Check for understanding

Name one bacterial pathogenName one parasitic wormHow do human pathogens get into our water supply?How will you remember that primary sewage

treatment is physical?Name one action that primary treatment involves.Why is oxygen bubbled through sewage during

secondary treatment?Why is tertiary treatment rare?What ecosystem naturally mimics sewage treatment?

Compare Contrast

Water treatmen

t plant

Sewage treatment plant