Post on 14-Jan-2016
transcript
Professor Michael J. LosaccoCIS 1110 – Using Computers
Introduction to ComputersChapter 1
Chapter
1
2/23
Overview
Explain Computer Literacy
Define Hardware & Software
Identify Computer Components
Differentiate Various Software Types
Differentiate Computer Platforms
Chapter
1
3/23
A World of Computers
Notable Technology Prognostications“I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.”
Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943
“Computers in the future may weigh no more than one and a half tons.”
Popular Mechanics, 1949
“There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.”
Ken Olson, President of DEC, 1977
Chapter
1
4/23
A World of Computers
Computer Use
Everywhere
Impact Virtually Everyone
Creation, Collection, Dissemination
Price/Power
Competition
Computer Literacy
Understanding of Computers and Their Uses
Technical Knowledge Not Required
Chapter
1
5/23
What is a Computer?
Definition
Electronic Machine
Controlled by Instructions in its Memory
Accepts Data
Raw Facts, Figures, & Symbols
Processes Data Into Information
Organized, Meaningful, and Useful
Produces & Stores Results
Chapter
1
6/23
What is a Computer?
Information Processing Cycle
Input — Accepts Data
Processing — Manipulate Data
Output — Produce Result
Storage — Store Result
Communication — Send Result to Others
Chapter
1
7/23
Hardware
Components & Equipment
Electronic
Mechanical
Chapter
1
8/23
Hardware
Input Devices
Used to Enter Data & Instructions
Keyboard
Mouse
Scanner
Digital Camera
Video Camera
Microphone
Chapter
1
9/23
Hardware
System UnitEnclosed in a Case
Contains Electronic Components
Connected to Motherboard
Processes DataMemory
Temporary Storage for Data & Instructions
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Carries Out Instructions
Tells Computer What to Do
Chapter
1
10/23
Hardware
Output Devices
Conveys Information to User
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
Chapter
1
11/23
Hardware
Storage
Holds Data & Instructions for Future Use
Media
Physical Material
Device
Reads / Writes Data
Chapter
1
12/23
Hardware
Communications Devices
Send / Receive Data & Instructions
Establishes Connection Between Devices
Uses Telephone Lines, Cables, & Satellites
Modem
Converts Digital Signals to Analog & Vice Versa
Chapter
1
13/23
Hardware
Networks
Connected Computers / Devices
Share Resources
Hardware
Software
Data & Information
Save Time & Money
Internet
Millions of Computers Linked Worldwide
Chapter
1
14/23
Software
AKA Program
Series of Instructions
Tells Computer What to Do
Chapter
1
15/23
Software
Systems SoftwareControls Operations & Hardware
Operating System
Utility Programs
Application SoftwarePerforms Specific Tasks for Users
Word Processing
Spreadsheet
Database
Chapter
1
16/23
Platforms
Personal Computers
Desktops
PCs & Compatibles
Windows OS
Apple
Macintosh OS
Chapter
1
17/23
Platforms
Mobile Computers
Portable
Notebook
AKA Laptop
Tablet
Stylus, Annotation
Netbook
Smaller, WI-FI, No DVD
Chapter
1
18/23
Platforms
Mobile Devices
Smart Phone
Horizontal
Media Player
Digital Camera
Handheld
Vertical
Chapter
1
19/23
Platforms
Game Console
Video Games
Embedded
Component in Larger Product
Phone, Thermostat, Security, Airbag
Chapter
1
20/23
Platforms
Larger Systems
Servers
Networks
Mainframe
Supercomputer
Chapter
1
21/23
Platforms
Comparison
Platform Size Users PriceMicrocomputer (PC) Desk 1 < $5,000
Mobile Lap / Hand 1 < $5,000
Game Console Desk 1 – 2+ < $1,000
Embedded Miniature 1 Included in Item Price
Server Cabinet 2 – 1,000 $1,000 - $1,000,000
Mainframe Room 100 – 1,000+ $300,000 - $1,000,000+Sabre = 14000/s
Supercomputer Room 100 – 1,000+ $1,000,000 +Kasparov
Chapter
1
22/23
Industry Applications
EducationDistance Learning
FinanceOnline Banking & Investing, Tax Prep
Government911 Dispatching, Squad Notebooks
HealthcareElectronic Patient Records, PPID
Chapter
1
23/23
Industry Applications
ScienceCollect, Analyze, & Model Data
PublishingE-books, PDF Manuals, MP3s
TravelNavigation Systems, E-tickets
ManufacturingProduction, Inventory, Quality Control