Professor Michael J. LosaccoCIS 1110 – Using Computers

Introduction to ComputersChapter 1

Chapter

1

2/23

Overview

Explain Computer Literacy

Define Hardware & Software

Identify Computer Components

Differentiate Various Software Types

Differentiate Computer Platforms

Chapter

1

3/23

A World of Computers

Notable Technology Prognostications“I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.”

Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943

“Computers in the future may weigh no more than one and a half tons.”

Popular Mechanics, 1949

“There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.”

Ken Olson, President of DEC, 1977

Chapter

1

4/23

A World of Computers

Computer Use

Everywhere

Impact Virtually Everyone

Creation, Collection, Dissemination

Price/Power

Competition

Computer Literacy

Understanding of Computers and Their Uses

Technical Knowledge Not Required

Chapter

1

5/23

What is a Computer?

Definition

Electronic Machine

Controlled by Instructions in its Memory

Accepts Data

Raw Facts, Figures, & Symbols

Processes Data Into Information

Organized, Meaningful, and Useful

Produces & Stores Results

Chapter

1

6/23

What is a Computer?

Information Processing Cycle

Input — Accepts Data

Processing — Manipulate Data

Output — Produce Result

Storage — Store Result

Communication — Send Result to Others

Chapter

1

7/23

Hardware

Components & Equipment

Electronic

Mechanical

Chapter

1

8/23

Hardware

Input Devices

Used to Enter Data & Instructions

Keyboard

Mouse

Scanner

Digital Camera

Video Camera

Microphone

Chapter

1

9/23

Hardware

System UnitEnclosed in a Case

Contains Electronic Components

Connected to Motherboard

Processes DataMemory

Temporary Storage for Data & Instructions

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Carries Out Instructions

Tells Computer What to Do

Chapter

1

10/23

Hardware

Output Devices

Conveys Information to User

Monitor

Printer

Speakers

Chapter

1

11/23

Hardware

Storage

Holds Data & Instructions for Future Use

Media

Physical Material

Device

Reads / Writes Data

Chapter

1

12/23

Hardware

Communications Devices

Send / Receive Data & Instructions

Establishes Connection Between Devices

Uses Telephone Lines, Cables, & Satellites

Modem

Converts Digital Signals to Analog & Vice Versa

Chapter

1

13/23

Hardware

Networks

Connected Computers / Devices

Share Resources

Hardware

Software

Data & Information

Save Time & Money

Internet

Millions of Computers Linked Worldwide

Chapter

1

14/23

Software

AKA Program

Series of Instructions

Tells Computer What to Do

Chapter

1

15/23

Software

Systems SoftwareControls Operations & Hardware

Operating System

Utility Programs

Application SoftwarePerforms Specific Tasks for Users

Word Processing

Spreadsheet

Database

Chapter

1

16/23

Platforms

Personal Computers

Desktops

PCs & Compatibles

Windows OS

Apple

Macintosh OS

Chapter

1

17/23

Platforms

Mobile Computers

Portable

Notebook

AKA Laptop

Tablet

Stylus, Annotation

Netbook

Smaller, WI-FI, No DVD

Chapter

1

18/23

Platforms

Mobile Devices

Smart Phone

Horizontal

Media Player

Digital Camera

Handheld

Vertical

Chapter

1

19/23

Platforms

Game Console

Video Games

Embedded

Component in Larger Product

Phone, Thermostat, Security, Airbag

Chapter

1

20/23

Platforms

Larger Systems

Servers

Networks

Mainframe

Supercomputer

Chapter

1

21/23

Platforms

Comparison

Platform Size Users PriceMicrocomputer (PC) Desk 1 < $5,000

Mobile Lap / Hand 1 < $5,000

Game Console Desk 1 – 2+ < $1,000

Embedded Miniature 1 Included in Item Price

Server Cabinet 2 – 1,000 $1,000 - $1,000,000

Mainframe Room 100 – 1,000+ $300,000 - $1,000,000+Sabre = 14000/s

Supercomputer Room 100 – 1,000+ $1,000,000 +Kasparov

Chapter

1

22/23

Industry Applications

EducationDistance Learning

FinanceOnline Banking & Investing, Tax Prep

Government911 Dispatching, Squad Notebooks

HealthcareElectronic Patient Records, PPID

Chapter

1

23/23

Industry Applications

ScienceCollect, Analyze, & Model Data

PublishingE-books, PDF Manuals, MP3s

TravelNavigation Systems, E-tickets

ManufacturingProduction, Inventory, Quality Control