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8/6/2019 Project Presentation, Final2
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MAKERERE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DESIGN,ART ANDTECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
FINAL PROJECT PRESENTATION
TITLE: OPTIMISATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC-DIESEL
HYBRID ELECTRIC ENERGY SYSTEMS
PROJECT PARTNERS:
� FELIX WEDUNGA 07/U/15945/PSA
� HILDA KATIITI 07/U/422
SUPERVISORS :
� DR.AL-MAS SENDEGEYA� MR.G.BAKKABULINDI
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Presentation outline
� Background
� Problem statement
� Objectives� Methodology
� Results of Work done
� Technical/ Economic analysis� Conclusion
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Background
� Currently, rural accessibility to national grid
electricity is 4.5% in Uganda(MEMD). This is even
lower world over.
� Rural electrification had been mainly stand-aloneGenset systems (relatively cheaper initially).
� Alternatives are:
a) Renewable energy sources e.g. solar systemsetc.
b) Hybrid system (RE+ Conventional energy
sources),better alternative.
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Problem Statement
� Challenges with PV-Diesel Hybrid systems arenormally encountered during sizing of the systemscomponents (these include over sizing and undersizing).
� In Uganda the use of hybrid electric power systems isnot common and there is scanty information abouttheir use.
� Solution: To come up with a scientificapproach/concept that can be used to determineoptimal performance and utilization of a costeffective PV- Diesel Hybrid electric energy systems.
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Objectives
Main Objective: To develop a model andsimulate the optimal performance andutilization of a cost effective PV-GensetHybrid systems.
Specific Objectives:
� To develop a load model� To develop the generation models (PV &
gensets), and the storage model.
� To model the energy balance.
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Methodology
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Daily Load Data [Najjera trading centre,Nakasongola district]
Appliance No. of appliance Usage period (h) Total power
(W)
Energy (Wh)
Light bulbs
40 W4×11 18-24 1,760 10,560
Security lights 40 W 2×11 19-6 880 9,680
TV set 60 W 1×6 10-15,18-24 360 3,960
Radio Cassette 18 W 1×6 6-10 108 432
Fridge 110 W 1×11 24hrs 1,210 29,040
Computer 150 W 1×1 10-17 150 1,050
Printer 60 W 1×1 1hr 60 60
GROSS POWER
4,528TOTAL ENERGY EL
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Daily load profile for the month of January[ Najjera Village, Nakasongola District]
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Solar Insolation (W/m2) for a
typical sunny day
Source: CREEC, Makerere University
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PV-Genset hybrid configuration and
sizing
Parallel hybrid system
System was designed toprovide about 4.5 kW perday.
�PV array size: 8.8 kW(60,12V,150 Wp)
�Battery bank size:16,800Ah (93,12V,180Ah)
�Diesel generator size; 2 kW
�Inverter size; 12/230 Vac, 3kW
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System Operation
case Operational conditions Controller operation
1. PPV > PLref Safely charge the battery
2. PPV < PLref Safely discharge the battery.
switch on diesel generator if the
battery power is not sufficient.
3. PPV < PLref
and
PB = PD = 0
Loss of load condition
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System design in Matlab/Simulink
SW
control
PV array
DC/DC
converter
Battery
Bank
Inverter
DieselGenerator
AC Loads
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Simulation resultsA plot of PV power, Load power, Genset power, excess electricity and Battery
state of charge
Legend:
�Blue: Load curve
�Yellow: PV generation
�Black: Genset power
�Brown: Excess electricity
�Light blue: Battery state of
charge
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Economic Analysis
� The analysis considered the following:a) Net Present Value (NPV) =Present Worth (income) Life
Cycle Cost .
b) Net Present Cost (NPC) = the amount that would be
required at present to acquire the same equipment.
c) Cost of Energy (COE): costs of unit production of energy($/kWh)
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Comparison of the different technologies
� This was based on the simulation results for the different configurations usingHOMER software.
� A new sizing for the PV systems was also done and used in the simulation.
System
Configuration
Size
(kW)
Initial
capital
($)
Operating
cost ($/yr)
Total
NPC ($)
COE
($/kWh)
Diesel (L) Operating
time (hr/yr)
PV-Genset 10.84 164,332 2349 194,362 3.045 465 1134
PV- Alone 10.956
4
174,451 204 177.063 2.774
Genset-Alone 5 65,472 21,551 340.968 5.342 8,981 8760
Conversion basis:� 1 USD = Ushs. 2387
�1 Ltr.of diesel = USD 1.382
Deductions:
� Basing on the above comparison, a stand-alone PV system would be a good option for rural electrification purpose
since it has the lowest COE.
�However, we would recommend a PV-Genset Hybrid option for the same purpose to increase system reliability.
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Conclusions
� By carrying out proper sizing of the hybrid
system components, and proper energy flow
management, optimal performance was
achieved.
� Therefore, a PV-diesel hybrid system could be
a cheaper option for rural electrification in
Uganda.
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Lessons learnt
� The value of team work.
� Further enlightenment on optimization of
hybrid energy systems.� Better use of Matlab/Simulink and Homer
software.
� How to carry out research studies efficiently.
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TH ANK YOU