Rev Godfrey Nzamujo; Using Agriculture to Challenge Africa's Triple Threat

transcript

"Harnessing the opportunity sets around us to build Initiatives that

can effectively face the triple Challenge of Poverty, Environmental

Degradation and difficult Demographic transition in Africa"

TEDxIKOYI24th MAY 2012

! ADDRESSING OUR LOGIC OF POVERTY

I think that the socio-economic situation today in Africa that we call poverty, is largely due to our incapacity to efficiently harness the opportunity sets around us.

The drama of our time is that the potentials and opportunity sets (the Environmental and Human capitals) that we have on the continent could drastically reverse the situation and change the socio-economic conditions of millions of people in this region, but we are yet to develop the capacity to recognize and harness them.

We in Africa have entered into the logic of Poverty because we are no longer capable of internally generating the capacities to procure goods and services that correspond to our needs and desires

The other side of the drama is that passive consumerism and the quick adoption of other peoples’ experiences, solutions, systems of production and values have become cheap substitutes for doing the hard work of growing up and developing native competences and processes that would guarantee sustainable, broad based and inclusive growth on the continent.

A time bomb

SOME OF THE CONSEQUENCES Registering about 3.6% Rural Exodus in the region “ever increasing urban

decay.’’ “Slumization” instead of Urbanization

WE MUST REVERSE THIS LOGIC OF POVERTY!! The challenge therefore before all of us is how to harness these opportunity

sets and in the first step turn the rural sector around to become productive, efficient and remunerative with the view to seriously tackling the employment problem, triggering off the other sectors and considerably slowing down the massive rural exodus in the region. In other words, it is imperative to make our Agriculture sustainable and competitive. This is an inescapable pathway to a viable, broad-based and inclusive economy in the region.

An Integrated model of rural growth is key to a broad based and inclusive development:

AGRICULTURE IS A PART OF A CLUSTER INDUSTRY! For Agricultural growth to become a motor to socio-economic development and the

eradication of poverty it requires the concomitant development of the secondary and tertiary sectors. There must be dynamic forward and backward linkages between Agriculture and the other sectors.

! Agriculture does not develop by itself, but requires a complex integrated system to support it – market its products, and provide inputs, credits and technology and management.

! An integrated development model that includes these services and linkages should be embraced. Rural growth will be difficult to take off without these enabling and complimentary services.

TECHNOLOGY

TRAINING

DYNAMIC FORWARD AND BACKWARD LINKAGES BETWEEN SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY

THE MAIN DRIVERS IN THIS PROCESSFirst Driver: A multifunctional Agriculture that is sustainable, viable and

competitiveThis Agriculture must be up to the following challenges to constitute a trigger

element.

1) Provide food in sufficient quantity to a population that is increasingly demanding in term of quality and diversity - Production that delivers sufficient quantities of safe whole-some food items that assist in disease prevention, healthy living and healthy ageing.

2) Provide competitive inputs/raw materials for the Agro-Industry

3) Provide feed stock for renewable energy supply - This Agriculture must be designed to become an energy source instead of an energy sink

4) Provide new environmental products and services- carbon sequestration, Agro-

Second Driver: Sustainable and leapfrogging Technologies

• Given the high level of produc2vity required to kick start the process, technologies that only guarantee incremental growth will not be enough. Leapfrogging and sustainable technologies must be deployed.

• Technological development therefore has a major role to play in the African Agro-‐business and socio-‐economic.

• The concept of sustainable development implies that we can increase our produc2vity while protec2ng and enhancing our environment.

• We must develop technologies that would enable our Agriculture to produce more with less. This is only possible within an integrated system of produc2on where the principles of synergy, complimentarity, supplimentarity and nega2ve entropy are in play.

• It must be noted that this agriculture will no longer be primarily a chemical process like the conven2onal Agriculture, but largely a biological process -‐ where our incredible environmental and biological capitals would be fully engaged and harnessed.

• We have therefore to relearn the way we prac2ce agriculture. From the way we view the soil and its fer2lity, through the way we maintain, nourish and protect our plants and animals to the way we condi2on and market them.

Third Driver: Appropriate Human Resource! Implementing structures and personnel must be aligned with the dynamics

of integrated development and rural growth.

Integrated Development is a “cross function” or cross cutting dynamics. It is far from being sectoral. Projects or programs like this would therefore depend mainly on the quality, character and set up of the organization/group responsible for its implementation.

! This is one of the major challenges in integrated rural development. The absence of this “core” competence could adversely impact, not just the implementation but the outcomes of development programs.

! Multi-skilled Human resource base is therefore imperative: It is only when the core competence has the authority, capacity and the ability to implement “cross-cutting and integrated” activities that rural integrated development programs become realistic.

Forth Driver: Social/ cultural/ organizational capital development• ! Since agriculture is presently carried out by a multitude of subsistent,

largely unorganized small holders and various actors, their willingness and ability to participate in any program of change is a crucial factor.

• Rural Development is, in effect, a complete transformation of the whole institutional structure of the rural society.

• Programs must therefore be designed to mobilize, upgrade and empower the medium and small holders and other indigenous actors for attaining the goals of Broad-based and Inclusive Rural Growth.

Other Drivers: 5th : Development of innovative sources of Financing6th:Infrastructural development (Roads and communication) and access to Energy

- especially modular decentralized and renewable sources.

Agriculture: A weapon of mass construction! This model is already demonstrating that despite a myriad of constraints, it is

possible for agriculture in Africa to develop, prosper and become attractive. ! If these drivers are effectively set into motion in our development programs, our

Agriculture would become a weapon of mass construction and the development of a broad based and inclusive socio-economic growth that will effectively fight poverty and bring prosperity to our people.

An Innovative Institution is required to implement this visionThe Songhai Integrated system of development is quite a unique one. It is not just your

usual training, technology transfer or produc2on model. It is designed to radically tackle the triple challenge (Agriculture/Food Security, Poverty and the difficult demographic transi2on) facing African countries today in their struggle for an inclusive and broad based Socio-‐economic development.

This innova2ve ins2tu2on has four components:1) It is a technology park where new ideas and techniques are developed and

contextualized.

2) It is an Industrial park/producNon center where the techniques and ideas are turned into enterprises and many different types of produc2on ac2vi2es.

3) It is an incubaNon/training/human resource development center. Here no 1 (Technology park) and no 2 (Industrial park) become an effec2ve "space" to incubate new competences. We call them the components of the incuba2on "space". Songhai is a mother firm/farm, an extension space that produces func2onal individuals.

The Songhai graduates are brought into a logic of produc2on because Songhai is a producNon, a research and service center. The teacher/animators/managers are first of all producers and not talkers. The teachers are bare foot researchers who are con2nually searching for new ideas and techniques to improve their produc2vity and efficiency. The teachers are entrepreneurs.

4) Songhai is a service center. The game is not over aUer the ini2al forma2on period. Services like marke2ng, input procurement, networking, financial/loan and advisory services are provided to enable the young entrepreneurs to stand on their own.

Songhai core values are not nego8able

• The founda2on of Songhai is its core value-‐ Knowledge-‐ Skill -‐ Value system (culture of discipline, solidarity, integrity and strong work ethics.)

• This core value has to be appropriated by its leaders/managers and a majority of its work force for it to work.

• The inescapable pathway in this process therefore will be the development of a cri2cal mass of individuals that have the capacity (knowledge, skills and values systems) to not only be at home with elements of this challenge (fully understand and comprehend the real needs and desires-‐ from rural to urban areas), but also have the capacity to imagine, innovate and develop appropriate solu2ons)

• The Songhai Ini2a2ve is an expression of a “regenera2ve social economy”-‐ (“Une Economie de communion”-‐in French). This ini2a2ve, while strongly reaffirming and reac2va2ng the central posi2on of solidarity in social construc2ons, goes steps further to ensure the sustainability of this human value, giving it a “self-‐sustaining” base. A central principle of the Songhai ini2a2ve is that the only way to fight poverty effec2vely is by making the poor produc2ve. This is another way of re-‐edi2ng the famous Chinese saying that “it is be[er to teach someone to fish than to give him fish

•All stakeholders in the Songhai ini2a2ve are perpetual militants of the development of a func2onal and responsive African human capital.

•The Songhai ini2a2ve is a commitment to an ac2ve and genera2ve use of resources. All resources must be made to circulate within the social fabric of communi2es to make them reproduce themselves. This ini2a2ve is therefore designed to have a snowball and not a trickledown effect. It revitalizes work as the basic structure of modern economy – the enterprise. Here the enterprise becomes the focal point where resources are oriented for the crea2on of wealth.

•There is an inbuilt vitality, thanks to the fact that it will always be cons2tuted, animated and facilitated by competent people – the “na2ve competences” or “core socio-‐economic leaders” described above – that are capable crea2vity and solidarity, especially towards the most marginalized.

•It must be noted however, that solidarity in this ini2a2ve is detached from the usual prac2ce of social welfare that is characterized by perpetual-‐handouts, as seen in many development programs in Africa and many developing economies.

Zero Emission Research Initiative

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“Produce more with less”

Z E R I

Infrastructures

Energy

Day Old Chicks

Energy

Accessories

WaterLabor

Equipment

Infrastructure

Waste Water

By-products

Dead animals

SewageManure

Feather

Waste Water

Packaging

Equipment

Ingredients

Infrastructure

Refrigeration

STORAGE LEVEL LOSSES

MARKET LEVEL LOSSES

Quails

Turkeys

Broilers

ATTOIR

CONSUMER LEVEL LOSSES

SProcessed and packaged meat products

Dressed meat

Frozen meat

CONVENTIONAL POULTRY PRODUCTION CHAIN

THE ALTERNATIVE THAT SONGHAI PROPOSES

aquaculture

AGRICULTURE

Bio-gas

PRODUCT

STORAGE

MEAT SHOP

Smoked Chicken

Sausages

POULTRY CHAIN

INDUSTRY

Brewery

Wastes

by-products of Food processing

PRODUCTION - Cake (soya, peanuts,

palm kernel, cotton, coco, sunflowers…)

- Cassava peelings

Live Poultry

AGRICULTURE

BIO-GAS

AQUACULTUREANIMAL PRODUCTION

Meat PROCESSING

ANIMAL NUTRITION

AGRICULTURE

ANIMAL NUTRITION

MARKETING

Maize, Rice, Sorghum, Soya,Moringa, etc

Dressed Poultry

WaterLabor

Equipment

Infrastructure

EnergyLabor

Equipment

Infrastructure

Bio-gas

Energy

Packaging

Infrastructure (refrigeration)

Bio-gas Energy

Packaging

Infrastructure (refrigeration)

Waste Water

ABATTOIR

Fertilization of Waterwaste water

Compostfeather

Blood meal

Maggots

intestine

Fertilization

Pond Fertilization

Manure

Small-MedEnterprise

Marketing& Services

• Retail• Restaurants• Export

• “Value Added”• Food Processing• Manufacturing• Construction

§ Crops§ Livestock§ Fish§ Specialty Items

Technology

PrimaryProduction

Integrated Production System

CropProduction

Aquaculture Livestock

Bioenergy

Integrated Production System

RECYCLING PIG SLURRY FOR RICE PRODUCTION

USE OF WATER HYACINTH/AQUATIC PLANTS FOR WATER PURIFICATION – RECYCLED WATER USED FOR FISH FARMING

SONGHAI GREEN WATER RECYCLING / PURIFICATION SET UP

PIGS FEEDING ON AQUATIC PLANTS/ WATER GREENS

BIOGAS PRODUCTION

ELECTRICITY GENERATION WITH BIOGAS

RURAL ELECTRIFICATION

CropProduction

Bioenergy

Songhai Integrated system

COMPOST

RAMIAL CHIPPED WOOD - CHIPPING MACHINE

PRODUCTION OF TOMATO IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

CROP PRODUCTION IN GREEN HOUSE

PRODUCTION OF TOMATOES IN GREEN HOUSE

TOMATO

MARKET GARDEN IRRIGATION

CARROTS

CONSERVATION AND STORAGE OF VEGETABLES

CONDITIONNING AND PREPARATION OF VEGETABLES FOR THE MARKET

GROWING SWEET PEPPER IN GREENHOUSE

BELL PEPPER

GREENHOUSE IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

HOT PEPPER PRODUCTION (SONGHAI ENUGU)

GREEN BEANS

COMMERCIAL AND INTENSIVE WATER MELON PRODUCTION IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

INTENSIVE PRODUCTION OF CABBAGES

COMMERCIAL AND INTENSIVE PAWPAW PRODUCTION IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

ENUGU STATE SONGHAI GRADUATES IN THEIR RICE FIELD

NEW RICE ALL YEAR IRRIGATED PRODUCTION TECHNIQUE IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

INTENSIVE PRODUCTION OF SORGHUM IS POSSIBLE IN THE SOUTH EAST

STRAWBERRY

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

MUSHROOM

BEE KEEPING/HONEY PRODUCTION COMPLEX IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

MECHANIZED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

SOME OF THE TWENTY FIVE NEW TRACTORS ACQUIRED BY ENUGU GOV. FOR THE GREEN RURAL CITIES IN THE

CropProduction

Biogas

LIVESTOCK COMPLEX AT ADANI (SONGHAI ENUGU)

BROILERS CAGES

QUAIL EGGS

QUAILS

INTENSIVE EGG PRODUCTION

INTENSIVE PULLETS PRODUCTION

POLYVALENT POULTRY - EGG / MEAT PRODUCTION

EXTENSIVE / FREE RANGE GEESE PRODUCTION

EXTENSIVE / FREE RANGE GUINEA FOWLS PRODUCTION

EXTENSIVE / FREE RANGE TURKEY PRODUCTION

GRASSCUTTERS PRODUCTION

CATTLE

LIVESTOCK COMPLEX IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

CropProduction

Biogas

AQUACULTURE COMPLEX IN ADANI (ENUGU STATE SONGHAI INITIATIVE)

HATCHERY

FINGERLINGS

FLOATING CAGES FOR FISH FARMING

INTENSIVE FISH PRODUCTION

CATFISH

CARP: 1.5 KG in 12 months

Small-MedEnterprise

Marketing& Services

Technology

PrimaryProduction

INDUSTRIAL ZONE

FOUNDRY

FOUNDRY PRODUCTS

MACHINES FABRICATION

AGRIC MACHINES

PALM OIL PRODUCTION

PALM OIL

SONGHAI EXPORTING AGRIC MACHINES

MAIZE SHELLING

RICE MILL ON PORTO-NOVO SITE

RICE MILL IN SONGHAI ENUGU

HIGH QUALITY PARBOILED RICE READY FOR MARKET

SOY CAKE AND SOY OIL PRODUCTION

WOMEN FISH PROCESSING COOPERATIVE

WOMEN PROCESSING CASHEW NUTS

CASHEW NUTS READY FOR MARKET

Songhai new agro industry – Prefilling line for juice, tomato, water, jam, syrup, soy milk production

FOOD PROCESSING MACHINES

Songhai new agro industry – Prefilling & filling lines for tomato, juice, water, jam, syrup, soy milk production

WOMEN FISH PROCESSING COOPERATIVE

Songhai new agro industry – Plastic recycling for the production of bottle, flower pots, buckets etc

Songhai juice bottle – new design

Songhai Buckets

SOY MILK

PINEAPPLE JUICE

DRIED MANGO

MANGO CONCENTRATES

SYRUP FOR EXPORT

FRUIT JUICE BEING EXPORTED

GARI -‐LABEL SONGHAI

SMOKED CHICKEN

ANIMAL PRODUCT PROCESSING

Small-MedEnterprise

Marketing& Services

Technology

PrimaryProduction

Songhai Model

SALE POINT

RESTAURANT

ECO TOURISM

SONGHAI RIVERS

HALL DE CONFERENCE HALL DANS LES VILLES RURALES VERTES

CONFERENCE HALL IN GREEN RURAL CITIES (SONGHAI ENUGU)

BRINGING COMMUNICATION TO GREEN RURAL CITIES

IT is a must in Africa

WORLD LEADERS VISITING SONGHAI

THE UN SECRETARY GENERAL VISITING SONGHAI

FORMER UN SECRETARY GENERAL VISITING SONGHAI

Rev Godfrey Nzamujo; Using Agriculture to Challenge Africa's Triple Threat

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