Safety, Health and Security

Module 5Safety Video

Safety Awards

Facts about Workplace Violence

• 1 in 4 employees report being harassed threatened and attacked

• 1 million crimes committed at work each year

• 16% of assaults occur at work• Workplace homicide victims are 80%

male however is the leading cause of occupational death among women.

Facts about Workplace Violence

• Most common jobs experiencing homicide:

cab driverssecurity guardshotel clerksconvenience store clerkshospital workers

Discussion

• Someone just got their arm cut off in a machine on the factory floor…what do you do?

• Two married employees just got a divorce because the wife was committing adultery with another employee in the same work group. What should be your response?

Effective Risk Management

• Risk Management• Involves responsibilities to consider physical,

human, and financial factors to protect organizational and individual interests.

Focus of Risk Management

Health(Individual)

Safety(Physical)

Security(Organization

al)

Hidden Costs of Accidents

Health, Safety, and Security

• Health– A general state of physical, mental, and

emotional well-being.• Safety

– A condition in which the physical well-being of people is protected.

• Security– The protection of employees and

organizational facilities.

Legal Requirements for Safety and Health

• Review– Workers’ Compensation– Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)– Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

• Reinstatement after injury• Importance of Essential Job Functions

• Three Top Reasons for Injuries in the Workplace– Overextending– Falling– Bodily Reaction

Certain jobs are deemed to be hazardous…examples?

Selected Child Labor Hazardous Occupations (minimum age: 18 years)

Occupational Safety and Health ActOccupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

◦ Passed to assure safe and healthful working conditions.◦ Applies to all organizations with at least 1 person◦ Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

administers provisions of the Act.◦ Can engage in site visits and investigations◦ Can refuse visit without a search warrant

◦ OSHA Enforcement Standards regulate equipment and working environments: The “general duty” of employers to provide safe and healthy

working conditions. Notification and posters are required of employers to inform

employees of OSHA’s safety and health standards.

Types of Violations under OSHA

• Imminent Danger- immediate concern of death or physical harm

• Serious- Probability of death or serious physical harm

• Other than serious- Impact health and safety, but unlikely death

• De minimis- not directly related to employees health and safety (e.g., no doors on toilet stalls)

• Willful and Repeated- citations for things organizations have been cited for in the past

Sample of Worker’s Comp Covered Injuries

Source: Adapted from Nicole Nestoriak and Brooks Pierce, “Comparing Workers Compensation Claims with Establishments Responses to the 5011,” Monthly Labor Review, May 2009, 63.

Workers Compensation• Who pays for it?• What do you get if injured on the job?

• payments to replace lost wages• payments to cover medical bills.• retraining for another position if you have

physical/psychological impairment from the episode that makes you unable to work in the position you had.

• False Workers Comp Claims• Why so expensive?

• Higher medical costs• Litigation Expenses

• Careful when you reinstate- ADA

Distribution of Nonfatal Occupational Injuries versus Illnesses by Private Industry Sector, 2008

Five Domains of OSHA: Enforcement StandardsHazard

Communication

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Blood-borne Pathogens

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)Lock out/tag out regulations

Protection for workers exposed to blood and other substances from AIDS

Hazard analysis, training, and provision of PPE to employees

Cumulative Stress Disorders (CTDs)

Protection from muscle and skeletal injuries from repetitive tasks

Work Assignments

Protection for reproductive health and refusal to perform unsafe work

Guide to Recordability of Cases Under the Occupational Safety

and Health Act

Source: U.S. Department of Labor Statistics, What Every Employer Needs to Know About OSHA Record Keeping (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office).

Most Frequently Cited OSHA Violations(general industry, non-construction)

1. Hazard communication program, training, labeling, and warnings2. Inadequate machine guarding, including at point of operation3. Lock out / tag out energy control program and procedures4. Head protection: hard hats5. Recordkeeping violation: unsatisfactory OSHA log of illnesses and

injuries6. Inadequate emergency drenching facilities7. Non-complying guardrails or handrails on stairs or work platforms8. Guard adjustment on abrasive wheel machinery9. Non-complying electrical wire cabinet boxes10.Pulley guards on power transmission belts

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, www.osha.gov.

Approaches to Effective Safety Management

Dov Zohar’s Research on Safety Climate

Safety Management

EmployeeMotivation

and Incentives

Safety Policiesand Discipline

SafetyCommittees

Safety Trainingand

Communications

Employee and Workplace

Safety

Now that a safety program is in place, responding to an accident maybe the job of a safety committee

or any HR person.

Phases of Accident Investigation

Substance Abuse• Substance abuse

– Use of illicit substances or misuse of controlled substances, alcohol, or other drugs.

– Covered under the ADA• Types of Drug Tests

– Urinalysis– Least Expensive– Can Produce False Positives (rare)– One of the most intrusive

– Radioimmunoassay of hair– Fitness-for-duty tests– Employees rights to privacy- discussed later

Common Signs of Substance Abuse

Transition your thinking from reacting to safety issues to

preventing safety issues

Health Promotion• Health Promotion

– A supportive approach of facilitating and encouraging healthy actions and lifestyles among employees.

• Wellness Programs (Video) – Programs designed to maintain or improve employee

health before problems arise.• Research on ROI suggests good investment in general• Return mostly in terms of reduced absenteeism, injury and turnover.

Some return in increased motivation although more difficult to quantify.

• Employee Assistance Program (EAP)– Program that provides counseling and other help to

employees having emotional, physical, or other personal problems.

Health Promotion Levels

Security Post 9/11…How do we manage different?

• What are some issues of security now we did not think about pre-9/11?

• How do they influence how we manage?

• What do we expect the challenges will be in the future?

Security

• Top Security Concerns at Work:• Workplace violence

• Internet/intranet security

• Business interruption/disaster recovery

• Fraud/white collar crime

• Employee selection/screening concerns

Disaster Preparation And Recovery Planning

First Aid/CPR

Hazardous Materials Containment

Disaster Escape Means

Employee Contact Methods

Organizational Restoration Efforts

Disaster Training Topics

Profile of a Potentially Violent Employee

Following Slides from First Response Training by State of Washington

*Disclaimer on Stereotypes*

Profile of a Potentially Violent Person

• White male• 35-45 years old• History of rejection• Exhibits little humor• Hold grudges• Difficulty w/criticism• Poor social skills• Paranoid behavior

• No social connectedness

• Made past threats• Preoccupied w/ guns,

weapons and/or war• Avoids eye contact• Substance abuser• Extremist opinions• Sense of entitlement

Other Personality Factors• Physical/Verbal

intimidation• History of Resolving

conflict with threats/violence

• History of domestic violence

• History of interpersonal conflict with co-workers, etc.

• History of unwelcome sexual comments and threats of assault

• Recent termination or perception that termination is imminent

• Recent stress related to family, finances, etc.

Discussion

• Someone just got their arm cut off in a machine on the factory floor…what do you do?

• Anything different?

• Two married employees just got a divorce because the wife was committing adultery with another employee in the same work group. What should be your response?

• Anything different?

WSJ Article on Theft with Highlights

Microsoft Office Word Document