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EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator1
Eric Chanfreau
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
25 February 2004Hilton City Hotel
Brussels, Belgium
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator2
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
PresentationPresentation OutlineOutline
1. What is COGEN 3 ?
2. Full Scale Demonstration Projects
3. 145 New Cogeneration Projects
4. Emerging trends and Case studies
5. Financing Power Projects in ASEAN
6. Conclusions
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator3
An economic cooperation programme between: European Commission (EC) & Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
• Funded by the EC (25 M EUR)
• Implementation: Jan 2002 – Dec 2004
• Coordinated by Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) & Carl Bro International AB
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III (COGEN 3)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase III (COGEN 3)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator4
• Promote the use of Cogeneration in ASEAN
• Promote proven, clean and efficient European
Cogeneration technology
• Create business opportunities for cogeneration within
the ASEAN industrial sectors using Biomass, Coal and
Gas as fuels
COGEN 3 ObjectivesCOGEN 3 Objectives
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator5
•European Equipment suppliers
•European developers, banks and financiers
•ASEAN cogeneration project developers
•ASEAN suppliers
• ASEAN banks and financiers
•ASEAN policy makers
StakeholdersStakeholders
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator6
Clients in Europe
Clients in ASEAN
COGEN 3 OrganisationCOGEN 3 Organisation
COGEN 3 European Office (5)
Malmö, Sweden
COGEN 3 Programme Management Unit (22)
Bangkok, Thailand
COGEN 3
ASEAN Country Coordinators:
7 Countries (24)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator7
The Energy Conservation Center of Thailand, Bangkok
The Research Center for Energy and Environment, Hanoi
SIRIM,Shah Alam
Energy Development and Utilization Foundation, Manila
Energy Ventures, Singapore
Research and Development Center for Energy and Electricity Technology, Jakarta
Ta Prohm Consultants, Phnom Penh
COGEN 3 Country CoCOGEN 3 Country Co--ordinatorsordinators
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator8
• Technology selection and Business Facilitation
Feasibility studies (Techno-Financial Analysis)
• Tools for development, assessment and
implementation of cogeneration projects
• Full Scale Demonstration Projects
• Financial packaging
• Supplier Matchmaking
Support to Cogeneration Project DevelopmentSupport to Cogeneration Project Development
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator9
• Directories on European and ASEAN equipment suppliers and service providers
• Report on Cogeneration Technologies
• Cogeneration Project Development Guide
• Sectoral Report on Energy Intensive Industries
• National Cogeneration Policy Reports
Technical, Business and Market InformationTechnical, Business and Market InformationTechnical, Business and Market Information
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator10
• Technical issues
• Policy issues
• Financial issues
• Environmental issues
Training Seminars, Workshops, and Study Tours, focused on:
Training Seminars, Workshops, and Study Tours, Training Seminars, Workshops, and Study Tours, focused on:focused on:
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator11
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
PresentationPresentation OutlineOutline
1. What is COGEN 3 ?
2. Full Scale Demonstration Projects
3. 145 New Cogeneration Projects
4. Emerging trends and Case studies
5. Financing Power Projects in ASEAN
6. Conclusions
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator12
The implementation of proven cogeneration technology in a full scale project, in order to demonstrate its technical reliability and economic viability.
An FSDP is a showcase in ASEAN aiming to convince other potential end-users to select European cogeneration technology.
Full Scale Demonstration ProjectsFull Scale Demonstration ProjectsFull Scale Demonstration Projects
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator13
Support to Cogeneration Projects and Full Scale Demonstration Projects (FSDPs)
Support to Cogeneration Projects and Full Scale Demonstration Projects (FSDPs)
• Active facilitation among stakeholders of cogeneration projects
• Financial packaging, networking and fund mobilisation
• Selected projects (FSDP) will get support with investment, training and monitoring
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator14
• Cogeneration
• Implemented in ASEAN
• European equipment
• Proven technology
• Biomass, coal and/or gas as fuels
• Compliance with national regulation
• Implemented before December 2004
FSDP Eligibility CriteriaFSDP Eligibility Criteria
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator15
• 15% of eligible equipment cost
• Ceiling at 400,000 Euro
• Support for training, monitoring and advertising
Support to FSDPSupport to FSDP
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator16
• Capacity: 0.3 – 41 MW (Total: 174.50 MW)
• Total Amount of EC support: 6,835,853 EUR
• Total Eligible Cost: 91,996,344 EUR
• Total Investment: 208,841,000 EUR
24 Selected FSDP Candidates 24 Selected FSDP Candidates 24 Selected FSDP Candidates
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator176 projects in Indonesia
5 projects in Thailand
1 project in Cambodia
1 project in Vietnam
1 project in Philippines
8 projects in Malaysia
2 projects in Singapore
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator18
▼
♣
▼
♣♣
∗
▼▼
▼♣♣●▲
●●
♣♣♣
▲
▲
■▼▲■
Bagasse : 2▼ Rice husk : 6♣ Palm oil waste: 8
• Wood waste : 3 ▲ Biogas : 4
* Bio-oil : 1
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator19
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
PresentationPresentation OutlineOutline
1. What is COGEN 3 ?
2. Full Scale Demonstration Projects
3. 145 New Cogeneration Projects
4. Emerging trends and Case studies
5. Financing Power Projects in ASEAN
6. Conclusions
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator20
145 New Cogeneration Projects in 145 New Cogeneration Projects in South East ASIASouth East ASIA
Developing Cogeneration Projects by Sector
Sector No. of CapacityCB ID MY PH SG TH VN Projects (MW)
Cement - 1 - - - - 1 2 14 Chemical - - - 2 - - - 2 27 Food* - 4 - 1 - 11 1 17 73 Land field&Waste - - - - - 3 - 3 2 Palm oil 1 4 11 - - 1 - 17 106 Power&Utilities** 1 6 1 1 - 5 - 14 300 Pulp&Paper - 2 - 1 - 1 3 7 150 Rice 5 3 3 5 - 10 1 27 240 Sugar - 2 - 6 - 7 3 18 179 Textile - 4 - - - 6 2 12 162 Unspecified - 11 1 - - 3 2 17 313 Wood - - 2 4 2 - 1 9 15
7 37 18 20 2 47 14 145 1581
Note:* Including Fruit, Cassava & starch, Tea, Farm, Livestock, Piggery and Tannery** Including Airport, Army, Commercial complex, IPP and SPP
Country
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator21
ASEAN Cogeneration Project PotentialASEAN Cogeneration Project Potential
2 2 3
912
7
1718
141717
27
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Cem
ent
Che
mical
Food*
Land
field&
Was
te Palm
oil
Power&Utilit
ies** Pulp&
Paper
Rice
Suga
r Tex
tile U
nspe
cified
Wood Sector
No.
of p
roje
ct (s
)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator22
ASEAN Cogeneration Project PotentialASEAN Cogeneration Project Potential
14 27
73
2
106
150
240
179162
15
300 313
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Cem
ent
Che
mical
Food*
Land
field&
Was
te Palm
oil
Power&Utilit
ies** Pulp&
Paper
Rice
Suga
r Tex
tile U
nspe
cified
Wood Sector
MW
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator23
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
PresentationPresentation OutlineOutline
1. What is COGEN 3 ?
2. Full Scale Demonstration Projects
3. 145 New Cogeneration Projects
4. Emerging trends and Case studies
5. Financing Power Projects in ASEAN
6. Conclusions
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator24
Emerging trend in biomass power generation/cogeneration
Emerging trend in biomass power Emerging trend in biomass power generation/cogenerationgeneration/cogeneration
• Sugar industries – shift from low pressure into high pressure system + electricity export
• Palm oil industries - shift from low pressure into high pressure system + electricity export
• Rice industries – new medium pressure and high pressure system
• Wood industries – new medium pressure and high pressure system
• High pressure system with mixed fuel firing
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator25
• Old cogeneration plants (20 to 50 years)
• Low pressure boilers 20 to 30 bar and less efficient back pressure turbine
• Not possible to sell electricity in the past
• Seasonal operation using only bagasse
Sugar mills: Energy situationSugar mills: Energy situationSugar mills: Energy situation
Process energy required:25-30 kWh/tonne of sugarcane0.4 tonne of steam
Waste:290 kg Bagasse ~ 100 kWh
1 tonne of sugarcane
100 - 121 kgsugar
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator26
Sugar mills: Emerging trendSugar mills: Emerging trend
• Need to replace old cogeneration system
• Good potential for high pressure (over 60 bar, 4800C) boilers and efficient extraction condensing turbines
• Excess power exported into grid
• Use of multi-fuel boilers
• Plant operation throughout the year
• Already few sugar mills started implementing high pressure boilers and efficient turbo generator systems
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator27
Location Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, IndonesiaSector SugarMill capacity 5,000 – 20,000 tonnes per day Size of project 5 – 50 MWTechnology High pressure steam boiler (> 40bar) +
extraction condensing steam turbine Fuel BagasseInvestment cost 1,000 – 1,500 EUR/kWOwnership structure Corporation / professionally
managedOther information
Other biomass fuels (rice husk and wood wastes) may be used as secondary fuelsExcess power to be sold to the grid
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator28
Sugar industries: Fuel availability and cogeneration potential
Sugar industries: Fuel availability and cogeneration potential
2,0306,09021,000Philippines
5,22015,66054,000Thailand
11,40734,220118,000 Total
1,1603,48012,000Vietnam
2,9978,99031,000Indonesia
Max. Power Generation Potential (GWh/year)
Bagasseproduction(1,000 tonnes)
Sugar cane production (1,000 tonnes)
Country
Bagasse = Sugar cane * 0.29; 1 kWh = 3 kg of bagasse (including steam for process)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator29
Owner/Developer : Mitr Phol Sugar Corporation Limited
Industry : Sugar
Size : 27,000 TCD (2.25 million TCY)
Location : Dan Chang, Suphanburi province
Existing equipment : Consisting of several old boilers and turbines
New boilers : 2 x 120 tph, 68 bar, 5100C
New turbine : Extraction condensing turbine (41 MW gross)
Emerging trend in sugar mill cogeneration: Dan Chang Bio Energy Project
Emerging trend in sugar mill cogeneration: Emerging trend in sugar mill cogeneration: Dan Chang Bio Energy ProjectDan Chang Bio Energy Project
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator30
Fuel : Bagasse, cane leaves, wood bark and rice husk
Project status : Commercial operation is expected in March 2004
Off-taker : Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
Electricity export to EGAT
: 25 MW during peak hours
16 MW during off-peak hours
Export tariff : 2.14 Baht/kWh (grid); 1.85 Baht/kWh (sugar mill)
Management : Special Purpose Company
Emerging trend in sugar mill cogeneration: Dan Chang Bio Energy Project
Emerging trend in sugar mill cogeneration: Emerging trend in sugar mill cogeneration: Dan Chang Bio Energy ProjectDan Chang Bio Energy Project
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator31
• Old cogeneration plants (20 to 50 years)
• Low pressure boilers 20 to 30 bar and less efficient back pressure turbine
• Not possible to sell electricity in the past
• Seasonal operation using only fibre and shell
Palm oil mills: Energy situationPalm oil mills: Energy situationPalm oil mills: Energy situation
1 tonne of freshfruit bunches
Process energy required:20-25 kWh/t0.73 tonne of steam
Waste:600-700 kg POME ~ 20 m3 biogas190 kg fibers + shells230 kg empty fruit bunches
200 kgpalm oil
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator32
Palm oil mills: Emerging trendPalm oil mills: Emerging trendPalm oil mills: Emerging trend
• Need to replace old cogeneration system
• Good potential for high pressure (over 30 bar, 3600C) boilers and efficient extraction condensing turbines
• Excess power exported into grid
• Use of empty fruit bunches, fibre and shell
• Plant operation throughout the year
• Already few palm oil mills started implementing high pressure boilers and efficient turbo generator systems
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator33
Palm oil industries: Fuel availability and cogeneration potential
Palm oil industries: Palm oil industries: Fuel availability and cogeneration potentialFuel availability and cogeneration potential
7,05617,64042,000Malaysia
50126300Philippines
3869662,300Thailand
11,69329,23269,600Total
4,20010,50025,000Indonesia
Max.PowerGeneration Potential (GWh/year)
Residue production(1,000 tonnes)
FFB production (1,000 tonnes)
Country
Residue = Fresh Fruit Bunch * 0.42; 1 kWh = 2.5 kg of residues (including steam for process)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator34
Location Malaysia, Indonesia
Sector Palm oil
Mill capacity 30 – 120 t FFB/h
Size of project 1 – 20 MW
Technology High pressure boiler (>40 bar) + Extracting condensing steam turbine
Fuel Palm oil wastes (Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB), fibres, shells, …)
Investment cost 1,000 – 1,500 EUR/kW
Ownership structure Corporation / family owned
Other information
EFB is a new fuel
Excess power to be sold to the grid
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator35
Emerging trend in palm oil mill cogeneration: TSH Bio-Energy
Emerging trend in palm oil mill cogeneration: TSH Bio-Energy
• Owner : TSH Bio Energy Sdn Bhd
• Location : Kunak, Sabah
• Size : 866 MT/day @ 260,000 MT/yr
• Capacity : 14 MW
• Boiler : 80 tph, 70 bar at design and 58 bar at actual, 402 deg C
• Supplier : Babcock & Wilcox Volund
• Fuel : EFB, mesocarp fiber and palm kernel shell
• Electricity : Sales to Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator36
• Only few plants implemented so far
• Revenue from ash sales (50 to 100 USD/ton)
• Rice husk is also fired with wood waste and bagasse
• Dumping or open burning is also common
Rice mills: Energy situationRice mills: Energy situation
Process energy required:Paddy milling and drying: 30-60 kWh/tonne paddy
1 tonne ofpaddy
650-700 kgwhite rice
Waste:220 kg husks ~ 150 kWh
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator37
Rice mills: Emerging trendRice mills: Emerging trend
• Good potential for high pressure (over 30 bar, 3600C) boilers and efficient extraction condensing turbines
• Good potential to generate excess power to export to grid
• Separate isolated plants generating only power is also popular
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator38
Family owned and managed
Ownership structure
1,200-2,000 Euro/kWInvestment cost
Boiler + Steam TurbineTechnology
0.5-20 MWSize of energy plant
200-1,000 tonnespaddy/day
Capacity
RiceTypical Characteristics
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator39
Rice industries:Fuel availability and cogeneration potential
Rice industries:Fuel availability and cogeneration potential
2934402,000Malaysia
1,6132,42011,000Philippines
3,2274,84022,000Thailand
16,72025,080114,000Total
4,1076,16028,000Vietnam
7,48011,22051,000Indonesia
Max. Power Generation Potential (GWh/year)
Rice husk production(1,000 tonnes)
Paddy production (1,000 tonnes)
Country
Rice husk = Paddy * 0.22; 1 kWh = 1.5 kg of rice husk (including steam for process)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator
Chia MengRice husk plant in Thailand
2.5 MW Steam turbine
Boiler: Reciprocating inclined grate type. Capacity 17 tph, 35 bar, 420 oC
In operation since 1997 (COGEN phase 2 Full Scale Demonstration Project)
Steam used for drying of rice paddy
By-product: Ash sold to steel industries
ChiaChia MengMengRice husk plant in ThailandRice husk plant in Thailand
2.5 MW Steam turbine
Boiler: Reciprocating inclined grate type. Capacity 17 tph, 35 bar, 420 oC
In operation since 1997 (COGEN phase 2 Full Scale Demonstration Project)
Steam used for drying of rice paddy
By-product: Ash sold to steel industries
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator41
• 40 MW cogeneration
• Chilled water 30,000 RT
• Natural gas or Jet A1
• Operation since 1997
Case 1: Gas Cogeneration in the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (1)
Case 1: Gas Cogeneration in the Case 1: Gas Cogeneration in the Kuala Lumpur International AirportKuala Lumpur International Airport (1)(1)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator42
Configuration
• Gas Turbine Generator20 MW x 2 units
• Heat Recovery Steam Generator40 tph x 2 units
• Auxiliary Gas Boiler 25 tph x 2 units40 tph x 1 unit
• Steam Absorption Chiller30,000 RT (2,500 RT x 12 units)
Case 1: Gas Cogeneration in the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (2)
Case 1: Gas Cogeneration in the Case 1: Gas Cogeneration in the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (2)Kuala Lumpur International Airport (2)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator43
• 25.8 MW cogeneration
• Chilled water 30,000 RT
• Natural gas
• Operation since 1996
Case 2: Gas Cogeneration in Petronas Tower, Kuala Lumpur (1)
Case 2: Gas Cogeneration in Case 2: Gas Cogeneration in PetronasPetronas Tower, Kuala LumpurTower, Kuala Lumpur (1)(1)
Petronas Tower (452 m)Petronas Tower (452 m)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator44
Case 2: Gas Cogeneration in Petronas Tower, Kuala Lumpur (2)
Case 2: Gas Cogeneration in Case 2: Gas Cogeneration in PetronasPetronas Tower, Kuala LumpurTower, Kuala Lumpur (2)(2)
Configuration
• Gas Turbine Generator4.2 MW x 2 units8.7 MW x 2 units
• Heat Recovery Steam Generator10.7 tph x 2 units18.7 tph x 2 units
• Auxiliary Gas Boiler 47 tph x 2 units• Electrical Centrifugal Chiller
15,000 RT (5,000 RT x 3 units)• Steam Turbine Centrifugal Chiller
15,000 RT (5,000 RT x 3 units)• 4 km chilled water network of pipes
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator
Case 3: Cogeneration in an Industrial Estate Case 3: Cogeneration in an Industrial Estate (1)
514 MW electricity• 6 x 35 MW gas turbines• 2 x 152 MW steam turbines• 2 x Circulating Fluidised Bed Boilers• 4 x Heat Recovery Units
Primary fuels: • Natural gas • Indonesian bituminous coal
Back up fuel:• Diesel oil
In operation since 2000
Supplies: • Electricity, steam (200 tph) and demineralised water (150 m3/h) to industrial estate and the plant
• Electricity to grid
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator46
• One of the largest Cogeneration investments in Southeast Asia
• Base-load power to state utility Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) under a 25-year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
• PPA provides EGAT with secure power at a reasonable price
• Provides the sponsors with a secure return on investment
Case 3: Cogeneration in an Industrial Estate (2)Case 3: Cogeneration in an Industrial EstateCase 3: Cogeneration in an Industrial Estate (2)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator47
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration – Thailand (1)
Engine with Generator
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration –– ThailandThailand (1)
Engine with GeneratorEngine with Generator
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator48
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration – Thailand (2)
Cogeneration Flow Diagram
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration –– ThailandThailand (2)(2)
Cogeneration Flow DiagramCogeneration Flow Diagram
A b s o r p t i o n C h i l l e r
G a s - f i r e d B o i l e r
A b s o r p t i o n C h i l l e r
G a s - f i r e d B o i l e r
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator49
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration – Thailand (3)Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration –– ThailandThailand (3)
•Gas engine generator 3 x 2000 kw
•Waste heat boiler 3 x 1.6 tons(steam)/hour
•Absorption chiller 3 x 360 tons(rt)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator50
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration – Thailand (4)
Waste Heat Boiler
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration –– ThailandThailand (4)(4)
Waste Heat BoilerWaste Heat Boiler
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator51
ABSORPTION CHILLER #1
ABSORPTION CHILLER #2
ABSORPTION CHILLER #3
CHILLED WATERSTEAMO
360 RT
360 RT
360 RT
6-8 BAR 7 C
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration – Thailand (5)
Absorption Chiller Flow Diagram
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration –– ThailandThailand (5)(5)
Absorption Chiller Flow DiagramAbsorption Chiller Flow Diagram
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator52
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration (Thailand) (6)
Absorption Chiller
Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration (Thailand)Case 4: Gas Industrial Cogeneration (Thailand) (6)(6)
Absorption ChillerAbsorption Chiller
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator53
Case 5: Micro-turbine in a Rubber Gloves Industry –Malaysia (1)
Case 5: MicroCase 5: Micro--turbine in a Rubber Gloves Industry turbine in a Rubber Gloves Industry ––MalaysiaMalaysia (1)(1)
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator54
Case 5: Micro-turbine in a Rubber Gloves Industry –Malaysia (2)
Case 5: MicroCase 5: Micro--turbine in a Rubber Gloves Industry turbine in a Rubber Gloves Industry ––MalaysiaMalaysia (2)(2)
• Implemented in 2002
• Bowman micro-turbine
• Implemented by Novalogics Integrated Sdn. Bhd.
• 80 kW electricity
• Hot water up to 80 °C for leaching process
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator55
ASEAN Market for Cogeneration and Business Opportunities
PresentationPresentation OutlineOutline
1. What is COGEN 3 ?
2. Full Scale Demonstration Projects
3. 145 New Cogeneration Projects
4. Emerging trends and Case studies
5. Financing Power Projects in ASEAN
6. Conclusions
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator56
Cogeneration Project Development IssuesCogeneration Project Development Issues
• Commercial Viability: Does it make sense?
• Cogeneration Policy: Incentives?
• Financing: Can be difficult
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
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Financing Power Projects after 1997
Trends and Outlook: Two pictures
• Overcapacity on national level
• Shelved projects queuing for implementation
• ESI Deregulation, Privatisation and merchant power
Very few Large Power Projects under Development
Financing Power Projects in ASEANFinancing Power Projects in ASEANFinancing Power Projects in ASEAN
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Financing Power Projects after 1997
Trends and Outlook Continued
• Power Demand is increasing
• Local shortage of Power
• Increasing trend of projects being implemented with local sponsors, lenders and even technology
• Commercial and economic viability, not just project contracts
Financing Power Projects in ASEANFinancing Power Projects in ASEANFinancing Power Projects in ASEAN
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Financing Trends and Outlook
• Project Finance vs. On-Balance sheet
- Project Finance (non/limited-recourse)
Larger gas and coal projects (> 20 MW)
- Project Finance (full sponsor guarantee)
Larger biomass (> 10 MW)
- On-Balance Sheet
Smaller projects (< 10 MW)
Financing Power Projects in ASEANFinancing Power Projects in ASEANFinancing Power Projects in ASEAN
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator60
PROJECTSPONSOR
CONSTRUCTIONCONTRACTOR
OPERATION ANDMAINTENANCECONTRACTOR
FINANCIALINSTITUTION
GOVERNMENT SURROUNDINGPUBLIC
PROJECTCONSULTANTS
POWER / STEAMOFFTAKER
EQUIPMENTSUPPLIER
FUEL / RAWMATERIALSUPPLIER
INSURANCECOMPANY
LAW FIRM
PROJECTCOMPANY
Completionguarantee
Construction /performanceguarantee
Operational /performanceguarantee
Financialguarantee
Performanceguarantee
Price / supplyguarantee
Timely permits,licenses
Publicconsent
Technical, financialand environmental
protection
Offtake guarantee,inflation, exchange rate
protection
Insuranceprotection
Security incontracts
Risk managementRisk management
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator61
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
Development of cogeneration project Construction Operation
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator62
ConclusionsConclusions
• There is a need for a comprehensive Cogeneration Policy in ASEAN
• Huge potential for Cogeneration but market conditions differ from one country to another
• The driving force for industry to invest in Cogeneration is lower energy cost. This force is independent of overcapacity present in some countries
• Financing largest obstacle for cogeneration investment despite market liquidity
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
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•Thailand 23 – 25 March•Vietnam 6 – 9 April•Singapore 20 April•Indonesia 18 – 21 May•Cambodia 8 – 11 June•Philippines 21 – 24 June•Malaysia 6 – 8 July
Cogeneration Weeks in 2004Cogeneration Weeks in 2004Cogeneration Weeks in 2004
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator64
Cogeneration Weeks in 2004Cogeneration Weeks in 2004Cogeneration Weeks in 2004
• Policy day• Training on cogeneration project development and on
Technical -Financial Analysis Model• Site visit / individual consultations• EU/Local suppliers presentation on their
cogeneration equipment and technologies
EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme Phase IIIProven, Clean & Efficient Biomass, Coal, Gas Cogeneration
The EC-ASEAN Business Facilitator65
• COGEN 3 Seminar (Brussels, 25 February 2004)
• COGEN Europe Annual Conference (Brussels, 26 – 27 February 2004)
• Power Gen Europe 2004 (Barcelona, 25 – 27 May 2004)
• Power Gen Asia 2004 (Bangkok, 5 – 7 October 2004)
• Sustainable Energy Asia and Energy Efficiency Asia (Kuala Lumpur, 24 – 25 November 2004)
Other Major Events in 2004Other Major Events in 2004Other Major Events in 2004