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Kindergarten
Operations & Algebraic Thinking: Part 1
www.njctl.org
2015-03-11
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Part 1 Unit Topics
· Exploring Addition· Plus Symbol· Number Line Addition
Click on the topic to go to that section
· Equal Sign· Tally Marks· Addition Pattern (+1)· Counting On
· Word Problems· Addition Loops· More Than One Way· Vertical Addition· Number Facts to 5· Missing Addend
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Books for Addition and Subtraction
12 Ways to Get to 11 by Eve Merriam. (Simon & Schustar, 1993).
Animals on Board by Stuart J. Murphy. (Harper Trophy, 1998).
Math Fables by Greg Tang. (Scholastic Press, 2004).
The Crayon Counting Book by Pam Munoz, Ryan & Jerry Pallotta. (Charlesbridge Publishers, 1996).
What! Cried Granny by Katie Luna. (Penguin Putman, 1999).
Ten Little Mice by Joyce Dunbar. (Harcourt Brace & Co., 1990).
Elevator Magic by Stuart J. Murphy. (Harper Collins, 2000).
10,9,8, by Molly Bang. (Harper Collins, 2000).
Mmmm... Cookies Simple Subtraction by Monica Weiss. (Troll Associates, 1992).
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Addition
Understand addition as putting together and adding to.Provide children with opportunities to add in their daily routines. Represent addition with objects, fingers, drawings, sounds, acting out situations, or equations. Expose children to addition by solving word problems that relate to life experiences. Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way. For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to that given number. Ask questions that foster fluent addition to 5.
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Adding - "Act it Out"
Introduce addition by having the children act out the following problems.1. There are two children playing with blocks. One more child joins them. How many are playing in all?2. There are three children reading books. One more child joins them.How many are reading in all?3. There are two children painting. Two more children join them. How many are painting in all?4. There are two children putting a puzzle together. Three more join them. How many in all are putting the puzzle together?
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Exploring AdditionPocket Problems
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Growing Caterpillar Game
Number of cubes
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Exploring AdditionP
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How many in all?
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Exploring Addition
How many in all?
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1 There are 3 birds in the tree. One more flies to the tree . How many do we have in all?
A 4
B 3
C 5
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2 We see 2 apples in the basket. We will put 2 more apples in the basket. Do we have 4 apples altogether?
YesNo
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3 There are two dogs in the yard. Three more join them. How many do we have altogether?
A 5
B 3
C 6
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Exploring AdditionP
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Exploring AdditionP
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Addition Game"Add It Up"
Sum Sum
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3
4 How many fish are in the first group?
A 3
B 2
C 5
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32
5 How many fish do we have in all?
A 4
B 3
C 5
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33
6 What is the total number of fish?
A 6
B 7
C 8
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Plus Symbol +
Make up story to go with number of counters. Terminology- putting together;adding
Eventually write a corresponding number model (3+2).
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Plus Symbol +
Make up story to go with number of counters. Terminology- putting together;adding
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Make up story to go with number of counters. Terminology- putting together;adding
Plus Symbol +
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Plus Symbol +
Make up story. Choose your own objects for problem. Terminology- putting together;adding
Eventually write a corresponding number model (1+1).
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+7 Is this the plus symbol?
YesNo
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+
8 Add the bears. How many in total?
A 5
B 4
C 6
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+
9 Add the bananas. How many do we have in all?
A 5
B 7
C 6
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+
10 How many cats do we have altogether?
A 7
B 8
C 9
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Our Addition Problems
Let's Add
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Hoppity AdditionP
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Kangaroo Number Line AdditionP
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+3
11 What color will the frog land on?
ABC
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
+2
12 Will the kangaroo move to 6?
YesNo
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
+3
13 The kangaroo must move +3. What number will he land on?
A 3
B 4
C 5
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Memory Matching Game
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Exploring AdditionP
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14 Which is the equal symbol?
A +
B =
C -
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+ =
15 How many pennies do we have in all?
A 2
B 5
C 7
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+ =
16 How many pennies do we have altogether?
A 7
B 8
C 9
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Exploring Addition
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Exploring Addition
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Write number sentence. ex. (3+1)Move correct number of objectsabove numbers.Then move objects to box.Write how many altogether.Children should draw own picturesand write equations. Share withclass!
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2 1
17 What is the total?
A 3
B 2
C 1
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4 4
18 How many dots in all?
A 6
B 7
C 8
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3 3
19 Is the total 7?
YesNo
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3 7
20 What number represents the first group?
A 3
B 4
C 5
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Tally Addition
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box.Write the corresponding numbers.Write how many in all.Have children create own problemsto write on board.
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21 Is the total 7?
YesNo
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22 Which equation goes with the tally marks?
A 5+1=6
B 3+3=6
C 4+2=6
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23 Which equation represents the problem?
A 2+2=4
B 2+2=5
C 3+2=5
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Exploring Pattern AdditionHow many apples do you see? Draw 1 more apple. Write how many in all.
How many cakes do you see? Draw 1 more cake. Write the total number of cakes.
How many candy apples do you see? Draw 1 more candy apple. Write the number of candy apples there are altogether.
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Addition Patterns
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1 + 1 = 2 + 1 =
3 + 1 =
4 + 1 =
5 + 1 =
6 + 1 =
7 + 1 =
8 + 1 =
9 + 1 =
Use to illustrate.
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1 + 1 = 2
2 + 1 = 3
3 + 1 = 4
4 + 1 = ?
24 What is the answer to the last problem?
A 6
B 5
C 4
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5 + 1 = 6
6 + 1 = 7
7 + 1 = 8
8 + 1 = ?
25 What is the answer to the last problem?
A 9
B 8
C 7
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Let's Count On
Example 6 + = 8
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5 + =
26 Is the sum 6?
YesNo
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3 + =
27 What is the total?
A 5
B 8
C 6
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5 + =
28 How many in all?
A 4
B 8
C 6
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Word problems - Joining StoriesCreate word problems with answers to 10 by using objects to represent the problem.
Question - How can we solve the problem 4 + 3?What can we use or do to solve the problem?
Record suggestions.
We might ...· use fingers
· counting on or back in head· use number line
· use counters· use pictures
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Addition Symbols
Plus symbol +
Equal Symbol =(both sides have the same value or is equal to)
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
Humpty Dumpty sat on his wall. When he fell two horses came to help him. Then two more came. How many horses came altogether?
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Use the following pages to create number stories using familiar stories and seasons as the story content.There are assessment questions at the very end but you can refer to them after any of the number story pages. Have the children create their own stories with pictures and equations on paper. Then have them use the Smartboard to illustrate their number story.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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Create a Number StoryThink of a number story.
Show your story with pictures and a number sentence.
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29 There are 3 pigs playing in the yard. One more joins them how many pigs do we have now?
A 3
B 5
C 4
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30 Momma Bear put 3 bowls on the table. Then she added 2 more for Baby Bear's friends. How many bowls are on the table?
A 5
B 6
C 3
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31 Little Red Riding Hood has 4 red capes. Her grandmom makes her 1 more. How many does she have now?
A 4
B 1
C 5
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32 Tom put 4 red apples in the basket. Brian put 3 green apples in next. Did they put 7 apples in the basket?
YesNo
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33 There are 5 wild turkeys running in the forest. 3 more join the group. How many turkeys are running in the forest?
A 6
B 7
C 8
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34 Look at the snowflakes. Jill has three on her nose. Bill has 2 on his nose and 1 more is falling. How many snowflakes are there?
A 5
B 6
C 1
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35 We went to the beach to collect shells. Samantha found 2 shells and Justin found two shells. As they were leaving Samantha found 1 more. Did they find 4 shells altogether?
YesNo
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10
Record the different results.
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Name collection.Move beads around the circle (loop)to make different combinations.Record different results.Use pipe cleaners and beads andhave children make their own name collection loops.Use 8 to 10 beads.
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Addition Loop
Record Your Results
Choose a number.Pull down beads.How many differentways can yourepresent thatnumber?
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5
36 Which equation goes with the beads?
A 2+2
B 2+3
C 4+1
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6
37 Which equation is correct?
A 4+2
B 3+3
C 5+1
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?
38 What is the total?
A 8
B 9
C 10
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?
39 Does this represent a 10 number loop?
YesNo
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More Than One WayDecompose numbers less than 10 into pairs.
Show this in more than one way. (by using objects or drawing)Record by drawing or equation. (5=2+3 or 5= 4+ 1)
Results
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Use craft sticks - give each child 7sticks. Tell them to hold some ineach hand. Record results on boardwith infinite sticks and equations.Each group represents 7 in adifferent way.Use different number of sticks andrepeat above.
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40 Do they all represent the sum of 6?
YesNo
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41 What sum do they all represent ?
A 4
B 7
C 5
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5+ 3 =
4+4=
6+ 2 =
1 + 7 =
42 They add up to the same sum. What is it?
A 6
B 7
C 8
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43 What is the total for all problems?
A 7
B 8
C 9
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More Than One Way
Results
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Represent Numbers with Connecting Cubes
NumberCombinations
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44 Do they both represent the sum of 4?
YesNo
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45 Do both groups represent the sum of 6?
YesNo
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46 What sum (total) do they represent?
A 5
B 3
C 6
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47 What sum (total) do they represent?
A 3
B 2
C 4
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Shoe Addition
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Let's Add Another Way
2 + 4 = 6 2+ 4 6
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1+2
3+3
2+2
3+4
2+3
3+0
Can You Match Us?
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Domino Math
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3+ 1
48 What is the total?
A 3
B 4
C 5
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1+ 6
49 What is the sum?
A 5
B 6
C 7
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5+5
50 Do we have 10 in all?
YesNo
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3+5
51 How many do we have altogether?
A 7
B 8
C 5
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3+6
52 Is there a total of 8?
YesNo
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The following pages are for practicing number facts. Hopefully with time the children will get more fluent.We will not give them the aid of pictures or counters.
Number Facts to 5
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253
545
3+2
2+2
4+1
1+2
5+0
1+1
Number Facts to 5
click clickclick
clickclickclick
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425
345
4+1
1+3 0
+3
Let's Practice Our Facts
3+2
1+1
2+2
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clickclick
click
clickclick click
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551
244
3+1
2+2
2+0
1+0
2+3
1+4
Let's Practice Our Facts
clickclick
click click click
click
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3+1
53 What is the total?
A 3
B 4
C 5
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2+2
54 What is the sum?
A 2
B 3
C 4
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2+3
55 Is the sum 5?
YesNo
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4+0
56 Is the total 5?
YesNo
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2+1
57 What is the total?
A 2
B 3
C 4
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Use any number from 1-9 , then find another number when added to given number that equals 10.
We want to get to 10.Place 4 objects on board.How many more do we have to add to get to 10?Write number sentence on board.
?4 10
Let's count until we get to 10.
4 10
add dots
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Use any number from 1-9 , then find another number when added to given number that equals 10.
We want to get to 10.Place (you choose number) objects in first box.How many more do we have to add to get to 10?Write number sentence on board.
10
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The sum can be any number. Start with number in first box. How many do we have to add to get to predetermined sum.
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What's Missing?
3 + 4 = _____ 5 + ____ = 7
____ + 4 = 5
count up to 7
3 + ___ = 6
count up to 6
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____ + 4 = 7
58 What number is missing?
A 2
B 3
C 4
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4 + ___ = 5
59 What number is missing?
A 1
B 2
C 3
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2 + ___ = 4
60 Is 2 the missing number?
YesNo
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8 + __ = 10
61 Is 4 the missing number?
YesNo
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9 + ___ = 10
62 What is the missing number?
A 0
B 1
C 2