SOL BA Program 1st Year Hindi A Study Material In PDF

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7/23/2019 SOL BA Program 1st Year Hindi A Study Material In PDF

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(LANGUAGE COURSE)

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Natural

Selection

Darwin's Theory of Evolution is the widely held notion that all life is related and has descended

from a common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the fishes and the flowers all related. Darwin's general

theory presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic (undirected) “descent

with modification”. That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time. In

a nutshell, as random genetic mutations occur within an organism's genetic code, the beneficial mutations

are preserved because they aid survival a process known as “natural selection.” These beneficial mutations

are passed on to the next generation. Over time, beneficial mutations accumulate and the result is an entirelydifferent organism (not just a variation of the original, but an entirely different creature).

Ref: Website:http:/www.allaboutscience.org/darwins-theory-of-evolution.htm.

In Spencer's view, evolution is actually a progressive movement towards an "equilibrium" where

individual beings change their characteristics and habits until they are perfectly adapted to

circumstances and no more change is called for. Thus, Spencer's evolutionary mechanism is not only

ultimately cumulant (i.e. it ends), but he also draped it in utilitarital teleological glitter, i.e. the idea that it is

"progressive" in an ethical or moral sense-an adequately Victorian notion!

Ref: website http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/spencer.htm

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(Paragraph) ‘ ’

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(Sememe), (Pragrameme) (Cultureme)

(Methodology)

(Co-forms) (Co-forms)

(Anaphoric)

(Cataphoric)

(Contextual Cohesion) (explicit)

(Implicit) (Symbolic cohesion)

(Lexical cohesion), (Referenicial cohesion) (Structural Cohesion)

(co-ordinating) (Subordinating)

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‘ ’

“ ” “ ” “

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‘ ’

‘ ’ —

‘ ’

(Noting) (Remarks)

(Copy forwarded to ......)

(Reminder)

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‘ ’ Criticism

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(Report)

Deccre

Lexicon

“Dictionary – Book dealing normally in alphabetical order with the words of a language or of some

special subject, author etc.”.

“Dictionary, a book listing words

of a language, with their meaning in the same or another language usually in alphabetical order, often with

date regarding pronounciation, origin and usage”.

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Abatement

Abbreviation Abdicate

registration, enrolement

leanred,

wise, proficient, skillful, expert, scholar

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SOL BA Program 1st Year Hindi A Study Material In PDF

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