Post on 16-Jun-2020
transcript
Soy in Feed the Future:Promise and Challenge
Rob Bertram U.S. Agency for International Development
The Global Challenge
About 870 million people suffer from chronic hunger
More than 3.5 million children die from undernutrition each year
The world’s population will increase to more than 9 billion by 2050Food production will have to increase by 60% by 2050 to feed the world
Agricultural production will be significantly impacted by climate change
Food price spikes and volatility
Global cereal prices (US$/ton) Projected changes in global agricultural commodity prices, 2010-2050
0% 20% 40% 60%
Maize
Pork
Poultry
Rapeseed
Wheat
Rice
Soybean
Beef
Milk
Lamb
0
200
400
600
800 MaizeWheatRice
Source: Data from FAO 2014Source: Rosegrant et al. 2013
Notes: The changes are calculated assuming current policies are maintained
Gra
inY
ield
(kg
ha)
EXPECTED DEMAND ON EXISTING FARM LAND! source: FAOSTAT
Year
1966 1976 1986 1996 2006
2000
4000
3000
Maize Yieldy = 2260 + 62.5xr2 = 0.94
Rice Yieldy = 2097 + 53.5xr2 = 0.98
Wheat Yieldy = 1373 + 40.1xr2 = 0.97
1000
Global Cereal Yield Trends, 1966-20065000
THESE RATES OF INCREASE ARE NOT FAST ENOUGH TO MEET
+2.8%
+1.3%
Challenges• Climate change• Water scarcity• Biofuel demand• Income• Population growth
Growing threats to:• Land • Water• Environmental preservation • Biodiversity
Enhanced investment in agricultural research + technological change Game-changer for productivity and food security
Lack sufficient knowledge on• Disaggregated impacts of specific technologies by country • Agroclimatic zone
Source: IFPRI
Higher food prices
Business as Usual: Challenges and Threats = Continued Scarcity
1. Help farmers produce more
2. Help farmers get more food to market
3. Support Research & Development to improve smallholder agriculture in a changing climate
4. Strengthen Regional Trade
5. Create a better Policy Environment
6. Improve Access to Nutritious Food and Nutrition Services
What Does Feed the Future Do?
• Advancing the productivity frontier• Transforming key production systems• Improving nutrition and food safety
Three research themes:
• Indo-gangetic plains in South Asia• Sudano-sahelien systems in West
Africa• Maize-mixed systems in East and
Southern Africa• Ethiopian highlands
Anchored by key geographies:
Overarching Goal Emerged: Sustainable Intensification
FTF Research Strategy
USAID Food Security Research Program Areas
8
3 Major Research Programs
IntegratedCross-Cutting Programs
Program anchoring research in key farmingsystems
Program for Safe and Nutritious Foods
Program for PolicyResearch and Support
Program for Human and Institutional Capacity Building 8
!
^ ^
••
•
••
••
••
••
•••••
•••
• ★•
•• •
•••
•• •
•
•
•••
••
•
•
•
•
•••
•
•
•
••
•
•
•
• •
•
••
•
•
•
★
★
★
★
★
★
★★
★★
★★
★
Washington State University Climate Resilient Wheat
Colorado State University Adapting Livestock Systems
to Climate Change
Oregon State University Aquaculture & Fisheries
University of California, Riverside Climate Resilient
Cowpea
University of California, Davis Assets & Market Access Climate Resilient Chickpea Climate Resilient Millet Genomics to Improve
Poultry Horticulture
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Soybean Value Chain Research
Michigan State University Grain Legumes Food Security Policy
Tufts University Nutrition
The Pennsylvania State University Climate Resilient
Beans
University of Texas, El Paso Rift Valley Fever Control in
Agriculture
Kansas State University Applied Wheat Genomics Reduction of Post-Harvest Loss Sorghum & Millet Sustainable Intensification
Texas A&M University Small Scale Irrigation
University of Georgia Climate Resilient
Sorghum Peanut Productivity &
Mycotoxin Control
Virginia Polytechnic and State University Integrated Pest
Management
★ Lead Institution • Collaborating Institution
•Puerto RicoHawaii
★
Feed the Future Innovation Labs
••
•
•
•
Purdue University Food Processing &
Post-Harvest Handling
•
•
Soybean Value Chain Research
Why Soybean?Soybean is the fastest growing agricultural crop over
the last 20 years, expanding at a rate of 8% per yearSoy is grown in over 85 countries on a total of almost
100 million hectaresThis impressive growth has occurred despite being a
non-native crop in 94% of regions currently producing soybeanRecent expansion has occurred in the lower latitude
regions of the world where food insecurity rates and poverty rates are highest and where poor populations are often deficient in protein consumption
The dramatic rise of soybean in global agriculture can be attributed to: the nutritional value it offers users given its
high protein and oil content, and the economic benefits it provides farmers
by being both a highly productive and profitable crop. dietary shifts towards livestock and poultry semi tropical and tropical production systems supports soil fertility enhancement through
legume-based nitrogen fixation--rotations
Benefits of Soybean
Goal: Help African farmers participate in the soy revolution
• Global Farmer Soybean Revenue– $126,000,000,000
• African Farmer Soybean Revenue– $1,012,500,000 (.8%)
• African Farmer Soybean Revenue (ex-South Africa)– $610,000,000 (.48%)
• The driver is poultry feed (also pork, aquaculture)
• Soybean is a proven powerful driver of rural economic development and malnutrition reduction– Very high human development indices in
districts where soybean is grown
• Soybean meal has long been considered the best source of supplemental protein in diets for poultry and swine.
• Soybean meal is by far the most widely used protein source in the USA and throughout the world
• Aquaculture—replacing fishmeal in fish feeds
Animal Feed
What is Feed the Future Innovation lab for Soy Value Chain Research? A consortium of leading soybean researchers in the
U.S. and Africa with the support of local research partners have designed the Foundations for Soybean in Africa Project The approach of the Foundations Project is based on
four research pillars (I) Genetic Improvement (II) Enhanced Crop Productivity and Quality (III) Nutrition (IV) Value Chains and Socio-Economic Research
Soybean Value Chain Lab: Univ. Illinois-led Consortium
These four pillars comprise the essential components of sustained production improved household nutritionsustainable market linkages for smallholder
farmersThe Foundations Project’s architecture is based on a
novel SMART Farm concept (Soybean Management with Appropriate Research and Technology) as its platformhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/
Where we work: African countries where soybean emerging
Foundations for Soybean Research
1. Plant Breeding and Germplasm Development
2. Seed and Grain quality and storage
3. Plant Breeding education and training
4. Production and Agronomics
5. Human nutrition6. Livestock nutrition7. Gender Implications8. The Economics of Value
Chains9. Environmental Impact
1. Drs. Diers and Nelson, UI– Crop sciences
2. Drs. Bilyeu and Clark, UM– Crop sciences
3. Dr. Mumm, UI– Plant Breeding Center
4. Drs. Reynolds and Awuni, MSU– Crop sciences
5. Drs. Gundersen and Nash, UI– Human Nutrition
6. Dr. Lacy, UG– Poultry Nutrition
7. Drs. Ragsdale and Peterson, MSU– Sociology and Anthropology
8. Dr. Findeis, UM– Economics
9. Dr. Guest, UI Env. Engineering
Soy Innovation Lab: Addressing critical needs for smallholders
• Established a SMART farm in Ghana– Soybean Management with Appropriate Research and
Technology– Production, agronomic, and varietal testing station
• Varietal Improvement Program for Soybeans– Working with IITA and NARs to establish a coordinated
continuous and transparent varietal testing program• Masters degree in Soybean Breeding
– University of Ghana and West African Center for Crop Improvement
• Development of a low processing soybean– Increases household utilization by reducing labor and
energy costs
Filling gaps for a sound foundation for smallholders
• Technical support and germplasm exchange NARs – Direct technical advisory partnerships
• Bradyrhizobia persistence in tropical soils • Soybean seed germination evaluation • Poultry Nutrition Centers
– Local processing, marketing and utilization of meal• The environmental impact of soybean production • Smallholder adoption, gender, and economics• Soy Cows and Vitagoats for human nutrition and
entrepreneurship • Tropical Soybean Information Portal (TSIP)
What are the benefits of Soybean Innovation lab to US Soy producers
1) Foster market demand for soy in Africa
2) Increased understanding/awareness of biotechnology based crop improvements
3) US-friendly industry standards established
Please See our Feed the Future Website
Thank You!www.feedthefuture.gov