Post on 02-Sep-2021
transcript
For More InformationVisit RAND at www.rand.org
Explore RAND Europe
View document details
Support RANDBrowse Reports & Bookstore
Make a charitable contribution
Limited Electronic Distribution RightsThis document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions.
Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16
The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis.
This electronic document was made available from www.rand.org as a public service of the RAND Corporation.
CHILDREN AND FAMILIES
EDUCATION AND THE ARTS
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT
HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE
INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
LAW AND BUSINESS
NATIONAL SECURITY
POPULATION AND AGING
PUBLIC SAFETY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY
This report is part of the RAND Corporation research report series. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity.
EUROPE
Mapping Diasporas in the European Union and United StatesAppendix 4: Diaspora characteristics - labour force indicators by sending countries
Jirka Taylor, Jennifer Rubin, Corrado Giulietti, Chris Giacomantonio, Flavia
Tsang, Amelie Constant, Linguere Mbaye, Maryam Naghsh Nejad, Kristy
Kruithof, Mafalda Pardal, Alex Hull, Tess Hellgren
Prepared for the European Commission, Directorate General Home Affairs
RAND Europe is an independent, not-for-profit policy research organisation that aims to improve policy and decisionmaking in the public interest through research and analysis. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.
R® is a registered trademark.
Support RANDMake a tax-deductible charitable contribution at
www.rand.org/giving/contribute
www.rand.org
www.rand.org/randeurope
For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/rr671
Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif., and Cambridge, UK
© European Union, 2014
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
Diaspora characteristics -labour force indicators by sending countries
Labour force participation rate
020
4060
80La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Tuni
sia
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Syr
ia
Sud
an Iraq
Liby
a
Turk
ey
Austria0
2040
60La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Turk
ey
Belgium
020
4060
80La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Ken
ya
Sri
Lank
a
Indi
a
Egy
pt
Tuni
sia
Eth
iopi
a
Uga
nda
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Pak
ista
n
Liby
a
Yem
en
Erit
rea
Syr
ia
Sud
an Iraq
Som
alia
Afg
hani
stan
Denmark0
2040
6080
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Ken
ya
Phi
lippi
nes
Eth
iopi
a
Mor
occo
Sri
Lank
a
Pak
ista
n
Indi
a
Afg
hani
stan Ira
q
Sud
an
Som
alia
Finland
020
4060
80La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Mal
i
Sri
Lank
a
Indi
a
Mau
ritan
ia
Tuni
sia
Mor
occo
Pak
ista
n
Alg
eria
France0
1020
3040
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Turk
ey
Afg
hani
stan
Mor
occo
Iraq
Germany
020
4060
8010
0La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Pak
ista
n
Indi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Sri
Lank
a
Syr
ia
Tuni
sia
Iraq
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Liby
a
Sud
an
Egy
pt
Turk
ey
Greece0
2040
6080
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Phi
lippi
nes
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Ireland
020
4060
80La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Mau
ritan
iaN
iger
Mal
iS
ri La
nka
Pak
ista
nM
oroc
coA
lger
iaK
enya
Syr
iaS
omal
iaIn
dia
Egy
ptE
ritre
aE
thio
pia
Tuni
sia
Afg
hani
stan Ira
qS
udan
Liby
a
Italy0
2040
6080
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Tuni
sia
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Eth
iopi
a
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Indi
a
Nig
er
Phi
lippi
nes
Iraq
Luxembourg
020
4060
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Turk
ey
Mor
occo
Netherlands0
2040
6080
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Tuni
sia
Alg
eria
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Mor
occo
Indi
a
Portugal
020
4060
80La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Mau
ritan
ia
Mal
i
Liby
a
Iraq
Pak
ista
n
Sri
Lank
a
Eth
iopi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Alg
eria
Syr
ia
Mor
occo
Egy
pt
Indi
a
Tuni
sia
Ken
ya
Spain0
2040
60La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Erit
rea
Phi
lippi
nes
Eth
iopi
aU
gand
aS
ri La
nka
Indi
aK
enya
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Mal
iTu
nisi
aS
yria
Pak
ista
nE
gypt
Liby
aS
udan Ira
qY
emen
Som
alia
Afg
hani
stan
Sweden
020
4060
80La
bour
forc
e pa
rtici
patio
n ra
te (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Ken
ya
Sri
Lank
a
Eth
iopi
a
Uga
nda
Sud
an
Yem
en
Syr
ia
Indi
a
Mor
occo
Egy
pt
Tuni
sia
Alg
eria
Iraq
Afg
hani
stan
Pak
ista
n
Som
alia
United Kingdom0
2040
6080
Labo
ur fo
rce
parti
cipa
tion
rate
(%)
Ken
ya
Eth
iopi
a
Sri
Lank
a
Erit
rea
Uga
nda
Mor
occo
Phi
lippi
nes
Indi
a
Alg
eria
Sud
an
Som
alia
Turk
ey
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Afg
hani
stan
Syr
ia
Iraq
Yem
en
United States of America
Employment population ratio
020
4060
80E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Mor
occo
Indi
a
Tuni
sia
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Syr
ia
Alg
eria
Iraq
Sud
an
Liby
a
Turk
ey
Austria0
1020
3040
Em
ploy
men
t pop
ulat
ion
ratio
(%)
Turk
ey
Belgium
020
4060
80E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Ken
ya
Indi
a
Sri
Lank
a
Egy
pt
Uga
nda
Tuni
sia
Eth
iopi
a
Pak
ista
n
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Liby
a
Yem
en
Erit
rea
Syr
ia
Sud
an Iraq
Afg
hani
stan
Som
alia
Denmark0
2040
60E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Ken
ya
Phi
lippi
nes
Eth
iopi
a
Pak
ista
n
Indi
a
Sri
Lank
a
Mor
occo
Afg
hani
stan
Sud
an Iraq
Som
alia
Finland
020
4060
Em
ploy
men
t pop
ulat
ion
ratio
(%)
Mal
i
Sri
Lank
a
Indi
a
Mau
ritan
ia
Tuni
sia
Pak
ista
n
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
France0
1020
3040
Em
ploy
men
t pop
ulat
ion
ratio
(%)
Afg
hani
stan
Turk
ey
Mor
occo
Iraq
Germany
020
4060
80E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Phi
lippi
nes
Sri
Lank
a
Syr
ia
Tuni
sia
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Liby
a
Sud
an Iraq
Egy
pt
Turk
ey
Greece0
2040
6080
Em
ploy
men
t pop
ulat
ion
ratio
(%)
Phi
lippi
nes
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Ireland
020
4060
80E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Mau
ritan
iaM
ali
Sri
Lank
aP
akis
tan
Nig
erM
oroc
coS
yria
Ken
yaA
lger
iaIn
dia
Egy
ptE
ritre
aS
omal
iaE
thio
pia
Tuni
sia
Iraq
Sud
anA
fgha
nist
anLi
bya
Italy0
2040
60E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Tuni
sia
Nig
er
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Indi
a
Egy
pt
Pak
ista
n
Phi
lippi
nes
Eth
iopi
a
Iraq
Luxembourg
020
4060
Em
ploy
men
t pop
ulat
ion
ratio
(%)
Turk
ey
Mor
occo
Netherlands0
2040
60E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Tuni
sia
Pak
ista
n
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Egy
pt
Indi
a
Portugal
020
4060
80E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Mal
i
Mau
ritan
ia
Pak
ista
n
Liby
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Iraq
Syr
ia
Alg
eria
Tuni
sia
Eth
iopi
a
Mor
occo
Indi
a
Sri
Lank
a
Egy
pt
Ken
ya
Spain0
2040
60E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Erit
rea
Phi
lippi
nes
Eth
iopi
aU
gand
aS
ri La
nka
Indi
aK
enya
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Tuni
sia
Syr
iaP
akis
tan
Egy
ptM
ali
Liby
aS
udan Ira
qS
omal
iaA
fgha
nist
anY
emen
Sweden
020
4060
80E
mpl
oym
ent p
opul
atio
n ra
tio (%
)
Phi
lippi
nes
Ken
ya
Sri
Lank
a
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Iraq
Afg
hani
stan
Yem
en
Syr
ia
Som
alia
Eth
iopi
a
Mor
occo
Egy
pt
Uga
nda
Tuni
sia
Alg
eria
Sud
an
United Kingdom0
2040
6080
Em
ploy
men
t pop
ulat
ion
ratio
(%)
Ken
ya
Eth
iopi
a
Sri
Lank
a
Erit
rea
Indi
a
Uga
nda
Phi
lippi
nes
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Turk
ey
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Sud
an
Syr
ia
Som
alia
Afg
hani
stan Ira
q
Yem
en
United States of America
Unemployment rate
05
1015
2025
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Sud
an Iraq
Alg
eria
Syr
ia
Liby
a
Turk
ey
Egy
pt
Tuni
sia
Pak
ista
n
Indi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Mor
occo
Austria0
1020
3040
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Turk
ey
Belgium
05
1015
2025
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Som
alia
Yem
en
Erit
rea
Iraq
Syr
ia
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Eth
iopi
a
Afg
hani
stan
Liby
a
Tuni
sia
Pak
ista
n
Egy
pt
Sri
Lank
a
Sud
an
Uga
nda
Ken
ya
Indi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Denmark0
2040
6080
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Iraq
Som
alia
Afg
hani
stan
Sud
an
Mor
occo
Sri
Lank
a
Pak
ista
n
Indi
a
Eth
iopi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Ken
ya
Finland
010
2030
40U
nem
ploy
men
t rat
e (%
)
Alg
eria
Mor
occo
Tuni
sia
Pak
ista
n
Mau
ritan
ia
Indi
a
Sri
Lank
a
Mal
i
France0
510
1520
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Iraq
Mor
occo
Turk
ey
Afg
hani
stan
Germany
010
2030
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Iraq
Mor
occo
Sud
an
Liby
a
Alg
eria
Pak
ista
n
Turk
ey
Egy
pt
Sri
Lank
a
Tuni
sia
Syr
ia
Indi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Greece0
510
1520
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Phi
lippi
nes
Ireland
05
1015
20U
nem
ploy
men
t rat
e (%
)
Nig
erA
fgha
nist
anA
lger
iaS
omal
iaM
oroc
coTu
nisi
aIra
qS
udan
Ken
yaS
ri La
nka
Mal
iE
thio
pia
Erit
rea
Pak
ista
nE
gypt
Syr
iaIn
dia
Mau
ritan
iaP
hilip
pine
sLi
bya
Italy0
1020
3040
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Iraq
Eth
iopi
a
Mor
occo
Alg
eria
Pak
ista
n
Tuni
sia
Egy
pt
Indi
a
Phi
lippi
nes
Nig
er
Luxembourg
05
1015
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Mor
occo
Turk
ey
Netherlands0
510
1520
25U
nem
ploy
men
t rat
e (%
)
Alg
eria
Egy
pt
Tuni
sia
Mor
occo
Pak
ista
n
Indi
a
Portugal
010
2030
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Sri
Lank
a
Eth
iopi
a
Iraq
Egy
pt
Liby
a
Mau
ritan
ia
Alg
eria
Mal
i
Mor
occo
Indi
a
Pak
ista
n
Ken
ya
Syr
ia
Tuni
sia
Phi
lippi
nes
Spain0
1020
3040
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Yem
enM
ali
Som
alia
Iraq
Sud
anA
fgha
nist
anLi
bya
Syr
iaE
gypt
Mor
occo
Tuni
sia
Alg
eria
Pak
ista
nE
thio
pia
Ken
yaE
ritre
aU
gand
aP
hilip
pine
sS
ri La
nka
Indi
a
Sweden
020
4060
Une
mpl
oym
ent r
ate
(%)
Sud
an
Uga
nda
Eth
iopi
a
Mor
occo
Egy
pt
Tuni
sia
Alg
eria
Yem
en
Syr
ia
Som
alia
Iraq
Afg
hani
stan
Pak
ista
n
Sri
Lank
a
Indi
a
Ken
ya
Phi
lippi
nes
United Kingdom0
510
1520
25U
nem
ploy
men
t rat
e (%
)
Som
alia
Iraq
Sud
an
Afg
hani
stan
Mor
occo
Yem
en
Sri
Lank
a
Eth
iopi
a
Uga
nda
Erit
rea
Ken
ya
Turk
ey
Pak
ista
n
Alg
eria
Syr
ia
Egy
pt
Phi
lippi
nes
Indi
a
United States of America