SEX LINKED GENES:SEX LINKED GENES: GENES ON THE X AND Y CHROMOSOME (23rd PAIR) ARE SEX LINKED. RED-GREEN COLORBLINDNESSHEMOPHILIABALDNESS Red-green colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. A girl who receives only one recessive allele (written Xc) for red-green colorblindness will not have the trait. However, a boy who receives one recessive allele will be colorblind.

The Sex ChromosomesThe sex chromosomes carry genes that determine whether a person is male or female. They also carry genes that determine other traits.

Colorblindness Punnett SquareRed-green colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. A girl who receives only one recessive allele (written Xc) for red-green colorblindness will not have the trait. However, a boy who receives one recessive allele will be colorblind.

Section 2: Human Genetic Disorders

What are two major causes of genetic disorders in humans?How do geneticists trace the inheritance of traits?How are genetic disorder diagnosed and treated?

A PedigreeA pedigree is a chart or “family tree” that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.

Genetic DisordersSOME COMMON GENETIC DISORDERS ARE:

DOWNS SYNDROME (EXTRA 21st CHROMOSOME).

HEMOPHILIA (MISSING BLOOD CLOTTING PROTIEN).

CYSTIC FIBROSIS (MUCUS FILLED LUNGS).

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA (ABNORMAL HEMOGLOBIN).

HUNTINGTONS DISEASE

TOURETTS SYNDROME

TURNERS SYNDROME

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aowhL33lTDs

TRISOMY 18

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCe5zCrgFcU

A Hemophilia PedigreeThe pedigree shows the inheritance of hemophilia, a sex-linked disorder in a family.

Section 3: Advances in Genetics

What are three ways of producing organisms with desired traits?What are two applications of DNA technology in human genetics?

7. WAYS TO DIAGNOSE GENETIC PROBLEMS:

GENETIC COUNSELINGAMNIOCENTESISKARYOTYPING

AMNIOCENTESIS &KARYOTYPING

Changing Rice Production

The graph shows how worldwide rice production changed between 1965 and 2000. New, hybrid varieties of rice plants are one factor that has affected the amount of rice produced.

Rice production increased.

Reading Graphs:

According to the graph, how did rice production change between 1965 and 2000?

2 in 1965; 4 in 2000

Reading Graphs:

How many metric tons of rice per hectare were produced in 1965? How many were produced in 2000?

2 metric tons/hectare

Calculating:

Calculate the approximate difference between rice production in 1965 and 2000.

Possible answer: fertilizers and improved harvesting methods

Developing Hypotheses:

What factors besides new varieties of plants might help account for the difference in rice production between 1965 and 2000?

6.3 Genetic EngineeringScientists use genetic engineering to create bacterial cells that produce important human proteins such as insulin.

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