PRESENTD BY:DR. GAURAV S. SALUNKHE

PG- STUDENT ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL

PATHOLOGY

Temporomandibular Joint

INTRODUCTION

The temporomandibular joint is the joint of the jaw and is frequently referred to as TMJ.

ALSO KNOWN AS MANDIBULAR JOINT.TYPE-SYNOVIAL JOINTSUBTYPE-BICONDYLAR The name is derived from the two bones which form

the joint: the upper temporal bone which is part of the cranium (skull), and the lower jaw bone called the mandible.

The unique feature of the TMJs is the articular disc.The part of the mandible which mates to the under-

surface of the disc is the condyle and the part of the temporal bone which mates to the upper surface of the disk is the glenoid (or mandibular) fossa.

Components

There are six main components of the TMJ.Mandibular condylesArticular surface of the temporal boneFibrous CapsuleArticular discLigamentsLateral pterygoid

Sphenomandibular & Stylomandibular ligament

RELATIONS

INFRONT LATERAL PTERYGOID,TEMPORALIS, MASSETERIC NERVE &

VESSELS

BEHIND PAROTID GLAND, SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL

VESSELS, AURICULOTEMPORAL

NERVE

LAERALLY SKIN, FASCIA

MEDIALLY LATERAL PTERYGOID, MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY, SPINE OF SPHENOID WITH

SPHENOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT

MOVEMENTS

1. ELEVATION & DEPRESSION

2. PROTRACION & RETRACTION

3. SIDE TO SIDE MOVEMENS

MOVEMENTS

Depression- lateral pterygoid mainlyElevation- masster, temporalis, medial

petygoid of both sides.Protrusion- lateral and medial pterygoid.Retraction- posterior fibres of temporalis.Lateral or side to side movement eg.

turning chin to left side- left lateral pterygoid and right medial pterygoid.

INNERVATION & VASCULARIZATION

Sensory innervation of the temporomandibular joint is derived from the auriculotemporal and masseteric branches of TRIGEMINAL NERVE.

Its arterial blood supply is provided by branches of the EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY, predominately the superficial temporal branch.

Other branches: deep auricular artery, anterior tympanic artery, ascending pharyngeal artery, and maxillary artery- may also contribute.

HISTOLOGY

Bony structures

Articular fibrous covering

Articular disk

Synovial membrane

CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Most common disorder- Disc displacement. Most common cause of pain- Myofascial pain

dysfunction syndrome.Temporomandibular joint disorder/ syndrome.Conditions that affect joint.1) Ankylosis 2) Arthritis3) Trauma4)  Developmental anomalies5) Neoplasia

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