The CESEA project:

turning muck into brass?

Mark Huxham m.huxham@napier.ac.uk

9.9

2.6 2.2

57% ?

Figures from Le Quere et al. Nature Geoscience 2009 doi: 10.1038/ngeo689

Surface elevation

-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10

0102030

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Cum

ulat

ive

chan

ge (m

m)

Days

Control Treated

Baseline period Girdled period Cut period

Fishing 21% Fish trading 14% Makuti weaving 13% Odd jobs 11% Selling food/drinks 11% Unspecified business 7% Other 7% Paid employment 7%

Regulating $1,779,072

Provisioning $3,021,305

Cultural $122,757

TOTAL $4,923,134

What is the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario? Take historical rates of loss of mangrove areas (1992-2010 loss rates 13.5% ) and project forward 20 years, applying a risk model developed to identify key factors driving mangrove removal

In the north, this shows almost no mangrove loss

Vanga, Funzi and Gazi

Near Mombasa, all the mangroves disappear

BAU scenario shows 76% loss of mangrove cover in the south coast sites by 2032

KEY

Mikoko Pamoja Organisational Structure and Governance

Project Technical Operations

Community Engagement

Government and Regulatory Oversight

management and employment

reporting relationship

MIKOKO PAMOJA COMMUNITY ORGANISATION. This is the registered community producer organization; it is governed by nominated community representatives from Gazi and Makongeni villages and Government Ex- Officio members. Key responsibilities include:

• Community communication and outreach • Management of annual project tasks including

meeting targets for tree planting and protection • Oversight of community benefits and payments of

project income to community • Management of project bank account and making

annual financial reports to Steering group

MIKOKO PAMOJA WORK TEAMS

The people recruited

to do routine monitoring, policing and planting tasks

such as establishing nurseries, reporting

on poaching etc

THE KENYA FOREST SERVICE (Working through a Community Forest Association)

Chair Vice Chair Coordinator (paid post)

Treasurer Secretary

VILLAGE CHAIRS (and local government)

MINISTRY FOR GENDER AND SOCIAL SERVICES

Authority to issue registration certificate to MPCO

PLAN VIVO FOUNDATION

The organization that grants

official accreditation, thus allowing the sale of carbon credits to buyers such as

companies

ACES Scottish charity (no

SC043978). It will hold the funds from sales of carbon credits until confirmation that monitoring outcomes

are met; money will then be transferred to MPCO. ACES will also report to Plan Vivo

Foundation

MIKOKO PAMOJA STEERING GROUP

(KMFRI, KFS, WWF,

Napier, Bangor, Earthwatch).

Provides a range of technical advice and

assistance on a voluntary basis to

MPCO

Buyers of carbon credits (eg private companies, NGOs,

individuals)

Key themes in Kenyan Policy Sector Climate

change adaptation/ mitigation

Policy integration

Education Economic growth

Participation/ equality

Ecosystem conservation/

restoration

Climate change √ √

Coastal zone planning

√ √ √ √ √

Development √ √ √

Energy √ √

Environment √ √ √ √

Fisheries √ √

Forests √ √ √

Land √ √

Planning √ √

Tourism √ √

A LICENSED DEALER: Also in 2010 there existed another dealer ------ but due to heavy harvesting of mangroves and possession of expired license, the community chased him away …to neighboring community ------ where he continued with the operations. A FOREST OFFICER: Thirty years in the

forest department. There are two licensees in --------- but he doesn’t know how the extraction limit is arrived at. He doesn’t know how much the licensees are currently allowed to take out. …..There is no limit as to how much a licensee can cut and the more the better as this means more revenue for the government. It also gives the forest a chance to regenerate faster as the young seedlings get space to sprout. …..He is ……scared of venturing deep in the forest of his own.