THE FALL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIREAnd the Creation of Israel

http://watchmojo.com/video/id/5619/

Background information

• The Ottoman Empire Expanded their territorial conquests steadily until 1597.

• The Ottoman Turks raided the Byzantine villages.

• Ruled by one family from 1299 CE until 1923 CE• Yemen, Hungary, Persia, even as far north as

Russia.

• They were very wealthy due to trade and taxation. • Strong Navy• Taxed Jews and Christians the most because they

did not practice Islam.

The Start of the Decline

• The Ottoman sultans empire began to decline because they were not capable of ruling the empire.

• During WWI they sided with the Central Powers…….BAD IDEA……. (everyone knows you join the allied powers.)

• After the war, the government collapsed and the land of the Ottoman Empire was divided among the victorious European Countries.

New Countries???

• Europeans divided the land based on their own lines. Not based on Ethnic or religious groups or historical boundaries.

• This caused Ethnic groups and religious groups to be separated and put groups together that didn’t belong together.

• This ended up causing conflicts that are still occurring today.

Great Britain did what?

GB needed to protect India.

So what do they do?

They make promises they can’t keep.

Balfour Declaration (1917)• November 2nd, 1917

Dear Lord Rothschild,

• I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet.

• "His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country."

• I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation.

• Yours sincerely,

• Arthur James Balfour

1918

•The Ottoman Empire Collapses.

Betrayal (Palestine)•The Arabs felt betrayed that they were not given

the area like they were promised.

•The British occupy the land and Jews start settling in Palestine.•This made the Arabs feel like they were loosing

control.

•Tension Increased between the Arabs and the Jews.

Zionism•Movement to Establish a Jewish Homeland in Palestine.

•Why?•There was an increase in Anti-Semitism (Hitler

Era)

•Jewish people decided to return to Zion (Holy Land)•Thousands move as the movement begins

Does the Land belong to the Jews?

• They say they have claims to the land because it was the land that God commanded Abraham to go to.

• Jews believe that they have a historic claim and they claim it as their own.

Holocaust

• More than 6 million are killed during WWII.

• Anti-Semistism-Discrimination against the Jews• This led them to flee and want a homeland of their own.

• Zionist movement gained more support around the world to create a homeland.

The Partition• 1947- The British push the UN to help

divide the land for the Jews and the Arabs.

• The UN feels that the Jews deserve a homeland because of all the suffering they went through during the Holocaust.• Jews agree

• The Arabs do not

• Israel is created in May 14, 1948• Arabs attack after this .

The Arab-Israeli War

• Also know as the Israeli War for Independence.

• Lasted 8 months• The Jews ended up

gaining more land

• The Palestinians lost and were left with nothing which created Refugees.

Continued….•Causes:

•Fall of the Ottoman Empire•Zionist movement•Conflict between Arabs and the Jews

•Effects:•GB didn’t keep their promises—take control•GB supports the Jews and not the Arabs•Arabs end up losing more and many are refugees