Post on 08-May-2015
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School of Global StudiesHans.Abrahamsson@globalstudies.gu.se
Hans Abrahamsson
Contribution to Barrett Values Centre’s 2014 International Conference
Building a Values Driven Society Stockholm, June 13, 2014
The global political economy and
The Great Transformation of our TimeTowards just and socially sustainable Scandinavian cities
Knowledge about and approaches to Fair and Socially Sustainable Cities
KAIROS
GlobalisationEpicentrum moving
South and East
UrbanisationCities' increasing role in the new economic geography
Migration/FlowEveryday life in two placessimultaneouslyIn transit
Increased mobility andinterconnectivity
National Production Systemsreplaced by a global network of production – added value chain
The great transformation of our timeUneven development and
increased social polarization
Increased diversity and differing socioeconomic conditions challenge
Social sustainability
Westphalian OrderGovernment
Post-Westphalian OrderGovernance
Pre-Westphalian OrderDisorder
Pope
Church
King
Cities
Feudal lords
RegionsNation-states
Urban regionsWarlords / Maffia
Transnational CorperationsMultilateral Organisationd (IMF/WB)
Globalisation and the political room
The changing role of the state
1648 1944
When the state withdraw from the political room increased space is created for other actors, i.a.for cities and their cross-border networks
Time
Cost of entry ticket to the global production network creates troublesome financial gap
Costs
Level of investments
Degree of self-financing
Costs for attracting global flows tend to increase > at the same time as tax base tends to decrease = reduced welfare
World Order
Nation state
Financial gap and lack of governanceput relations between state and society under stress
and challenges the social cohesion
Requirements for macro-economic balance – budget restrictionsreduced public expenditures and social undertakings
Socialcontract
Civil societyIdentity formationlojalty
Primary groups of identity- in rivalry
The hidden borders ofsocial inclusion Percieved socialexclusion
Social contract – Fordism From ”welfare to workfare”
The erosion of the social contractCivil society under stress Danger of organic crisis
Informal networks of provision and safety
Global networkproduction Separation of producer/consumer:Income gaps – uneven development
Living conditions
Time
Requirements for dignity and social respect
Capability
Social exclusion and relative deprivation
Individual guilt - inarticulated disgrace – På 30 år
anger - violence
Requirements for dignity and social respect
Capability Burning cars on demand
Moving direction in this area of tension is politically responsive
The imperative of social sustainability
Area of tensionIncreasing glocality
The changing role of the stateWhen the state withdraw from the political room increased space is created for cities and their cross-border networks
Challenges for UrbanizationDimension and pace ofIncreasing inequalitiesGlobal North / Global South
Node for Sustainabledevelopment Battlefield
for social conflicts
SecurityMilitary threats
Human SecuritySafety
Predictability
DevelopmentEconomic growth
Human Development
InclusionBelonging
Right to the city
Human RightsEquality
RecognitionPolitical Space
JusticeDistribution of
resources fördelning
Social SustainabilitySocial cohesion, resilienceCapacity to deal with ”wicked issues”Citizen participation, co-creation
Weaksustainability
Strongsustainability
Towards just and social sustainable citiesessentially contested concepts
based upon three values shaping human history
Growth Engine, and one of the world's most innovative Regions
Västra Götaland will 2020 be the World Leader within its areas of strength
Production networks have four "mantra" for global competitiveness
shape development thinking in Swedish urban regions
GROWTHinnovation
CREATIVITY
attraCTIVITY
Urban governance in our time requires several value driven
paradigmatic shifts!
Stockholm region will be Europe’smost attractive metropolitan region.
Reducing exclusion Fear of social risks and threats to the security-
increases the risk of reinforced inside Community
Social investment policy Shock absorber for managing
conflicting goals early intervention reduces
future costs
Co-creation and citizen dialogue- Strengthen the democratic legitimacy of the system
- Manage complex social problems - Identify the effects of conflicting goals
- Real power through participatory budgeting
Offense (positive) security preventing, promoting,
creating social trustfrom below
Defensive (negative) security
control , fencing, monitoring from above
Dialogue and co-creationInterdependent and mutually constitutive
Dialogue – the art of thinking together. To visualize different perspectives,
conflicting goals and diverging interests. Empowerment for stronger agency.
Co-creation – interaction on equal terms, based upon theoretical anchored
as well as experienced based – tacit knowledge
Dialogue and co-creation is about creating conditions for increased participation and co-creation
to manage wicked and complex social issues of our time. Identifying measures to promote social sustainability
and prevent social conflicts (provention).
A new welfare-regimeSocial sustainabilityProportional universalityIncreased diversity and differing socioeconomic conditions create a need to combineA universal welfare policy with adirected social investmentpolicy
In search for social sustainabilityWhat ought to be done ?
A new growth regimeEconomic sustainability(a) Defining and measuring economic growth Decoupling: Quality of life / well-being(b) Orientation of productionIncreased local resource mobilizationgradually decreased outward orientationThe urban – rural connection
Citizen participation – co-creation and dialogue
Reconsidering the relationship between growth and welfare
Conflicting goals
Growth and sustainabilityThe difficult balancing act given the necessary welfare funding
Global market vulnerabilityThe most globalized country in OECD.TNC / capita50% of GDP export orientedGothenburg 60% of GRP
The policy”le Police”
To do anythingImpartialityConsensus
The political”le Politique”
HowMeansOwnership
Politics”la Politique”
Room of manouevreSystems of production and public health
sence of coherence
What and whyConflicting goals and interests
Citizen participation – co-creation and dialoguein order to break with the post-political consensus
Rhetorical gapPolicyformation Implementation
Confrontationaldialogue
Disciplinarydialogue
Consensus buildingdialogue
Co-creation and citizen dialogueCreativity, innovation and cognitive ability
Identifiation of conflicting goalsManage wicked issues
Westphalian orderGovernment
Post-Westphalian orderGovernment
Transition
Traditional hierarchical policy-driven management (for the voter)
Network Society with their complex social issues place new demands on governance: dialogue and co-creation
Thesis - Antithesis - Synthesis
New Public Management market-driven (for the customer)
Public Value Management network based governance Dialog - co-creation (for citizens)
tt
Network based governance from New Public Management to
Public Value Management
The value of the common welfare is greater than the satisfaction of individual needs
Dialogue and co-creation
Thank you for the attention
Hans AbrahamssonSchool of Global Studies
Hans.Abrahamsson@globalstudies.gu.se