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THE HONDURAN EXPERIENCE IN MEASURING REMITTANCES THROUGH
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
Washington DCJanuary 2008
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
AGENDA
•BACKGROUND•THE PROJECT•THE SURVEY•RESULTS•LESSONS LEARNED
THE PROJECT
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
BACKGROUND
• 2001: Collect data on remittances as source of income for households•2002: NSO from Central America join efforts to standardize the collection of data on remittances and migration•2005: Honduras presents the project titled “Migration and remittances in Central American countries.”•2006: IADB sponsors the project. First meeting to plan the surveys. Honduras includes the remittance module in the XXXIII EPHPM•2007: Presentation of Results
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
PARTICIPANTS
•Costa Rica•Dominican Republic•El Salvador•Guatemala•Honduras•Nicaragua•Panama
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
PROJECT STATUS IN 2007
Costa Rica: Still processing
Dominican Republic: Data collection stage
El Salvador: Data collection stage
Guatemala: Planning data collection in 2008
Honduras: Results published
Nicaragua: Still processing
Panama: Planning data collection in 2008
THE SURVEY
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
MAIN OBJECTIVE
To measure international migration flows and the reception of remittances in Honduran households.
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
•To measure the impact of migration flows and remittances on the Honduran economy•To analyze households with members living abroad•To identify causes and frequency of migration flows•To analyze households who receive remittances•To identify the frequency, amount and use of remittances
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
•Rider survey on a permanent household survey
•Modules:
• Returns
• Remittances
• Emigration
•Through PHS: Immigration and internal migration
METHODOLOGY
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
•Other experiences (Census 2001, Living Standard Survey, PHS)
•International consulting
•Interview returnees
•Pilot survey
METHODOLOGY
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
SAMPLE DESIGN
Households and PSU´s in sample
Domains of estimation
HH Enumeration Areas
Total 20,955 4,191 Tegucigalpa 3,510 702 San Pedro Sula 2,345 469 Other cities 5,815 1,163 Rural 9,285 1,857
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
•Stratified•Two-stage
• PSU: Enumeration areas• SSU: Compact Groups
•Systematic Selection with Random Start
SAMPLE DESIGN
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
1. Returnees: last 10 years (at least one year of residence in host country)
2. International Migration: all cases.
3. Remittances: 12 months prior to the interview.
REFERENCE PERIOD
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
RETURNEES
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
RETURNEES
Population returned from abroad: 0.5%
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
HOST COUNTRY
68.9
13.97.4 9.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
%
UnitedStates
CentralAmerica
Mexico ROW
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
ACTIVITY IN HOST COUNTRY
Studying9.7%
Domestichelp
3.6%
Working and studying
1.3%
Working79.3%
Nothing 5.1%
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
CAUSE OF RETURN
53.2
13.8
13.4
6.6
6.5
2.3
2.2
2.0
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0%
Family reasons
Deported
Other
Health problems
Came with parents
Economic reasons
Did not find a job
End of school
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
EMIGRATION
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
EMIGRATION
Source Year Emigrants
US Census 2000 217,569 Census 2001 58,745 PHSMP 2002 194,610 PHSMP 2003 227,459 LSMS 2004 254,530 PHSMP 2006 246,620
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
HH with at least one member living abroad: 11.3%
HH with a member planning to emigrate in the next 12 months: 8.2%
Emigrants: 70% male
58% elementary school only
EMIGRATION
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
Population pyramid of emigrants by gender and 5-year age groups
55,000 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
0-4
5-910-1415-19
20-2425-2930-34
35-3940-4445-49
50-5455-5960-64
65+
Ag
e
Population
Male Female
EMIGRATION
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
REASON FOR EMIGRATION
Other reasons 2.1%
Minors to join family members 2.6%Family
reasons2.1%
Study 2.3%
Looking for a job
91.0%
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
HOST COUNTRY
USA91.4%
Mexico 2.2
Canada0.2%
Spain2.1%
ROW2.1%
Central America
1.9%
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
CURRENT VISA STATUS
62.3
12.2
11.9
5.0
2.7
2.5
1.5
1.1
0.7
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Without visa
TPS
Resident
Refugees
Tourist visa
Worker visa
Naturalized citizen
Student visa
Other
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
REMITTANCES
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
•11.1% of household income•6.8% of GDP, 2000•25.5% of GDP, 2006•CBH: US$ 2.6 billion, 2006•HH receiving remittances: 21%
REMITTANCES
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
Domains of estimation
Households %
Annual average amount
US$
Total 345,126 100.0 2,454
Urban 193,928 56.2 2,550Tegucigalpa 49,236 14.3 2,268San Pedro Sula 30,204 8.8 1,872Other cities 114,487 33.2 2,847
Rural 151,199 43.8 2,331
Remittances (cash and goods) in the last 12 months
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
FREQUENCY
Quaterly 7.0%
Bimonthly
8.2%
From 4 to 6 months
5.2%
From 7 to 11 months
5.3%
Yearly
14.4%
More than12 months
6.4%
Monthly 45.2%
Less thanOne month
8.2%
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
Amount received in the last 12 months
0 5 10 15 20 25
Less than US$100
100 to 200
200 to 500
500 to 1000
1000 to 2000
2000 to 5000
More than US$5000
Percentage of HH
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
RECEPTION CHANNELS
Private companies
39.6%
54.6%
0.5%5.2%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Bank transfers Transfers through Other formal channels
Informalchannels
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
USES OF REMITTANCES
0 20 40 60 80
Other current expenses
Health
Education
Housing
Other expenses
Savings
Investments
Debts payments
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
LESSONS LEARNED
MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES SURVEY 2006-2007
LESSONS LEARNED
1. Big demand of information.
2. International consultants help strengthen analytical abilities of the national counterparts.
3. Redefine questions to be less intrusive.
4. Make the public aware of the nature of the survey.
5. The sample of the PHS is not designed for this purpose.
Horacio Lovo P.lovostat@hotmail.com
www.ine-hn.org