Post on 17-Jan-2016
transcript
The Periodic Table
Periodic TableDmitri Mendeleev arranged the known elements
by characteristics. He summarized his findings in the periodic law which states:When the elements are arranged in order of
increasing mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically.
The elements are arranged in increasing order according to atomic mass.
They are arranged in rows and columns based on characteristics of elements.
Periodic Table
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Periodic Table Broadly elements can be divided into 3 groups
Metals: good conductors of heat and electricity, they are malleable (can be pounded into flat sheets), they are ductile (can be drawn out into thin wires), shiny, lose electrons, chemically reactive. Examples include chromium, copper, strontium, and
lead
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Periodic TableNonmetals: can be solids, liquids, or gases, poor
conductors of heat and electricity, gain electrons, undergo chemical changes. Examples include oxygen, carbon, sulfur, and
bromine
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Periodic TableMetalloids: show mixed properties between
metals and nonmetals. They are called semiconductors with intermediate conductivity.Examples include silicon, arsenic, and antimony
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Periodic TableThe Metal, Metalloids, and Nonmetals are
arranged in particular portions of the Periodic Table.
Periodic Table Each column of the Main group elements is
called a family or group. Each group has specific characteristicsNoble gases- Group 8A Not reactive in most
chemical reactions, they are considered stable with no charge.
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Periodic Table Alkali Metals- Group 1A are all reactive metals,
Some are explosive. Have a positive 1 charge.
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Periodic Table Alkaline earth metals- Group 2A- Also fairly
reactive, but not as reactive as the alkali metals. Have a 2+ charge.
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Periodic Table Halogens- Group 7A Very reactive nonmetals. Have
a negative 1 charge as ions.
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Periodic TableThe transition metals are in the middle of the
table and have varying charges