Post on 31-Dec-2015
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ProgressivesPeople who worked to
reform the ills of societyWished to alleviate the
effects of industrialization, immigration, and urbanization
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Muckrakers Journalists and writers whose
work influenced public opinion Dug up “muck” about the
wrongdoings of big business and politicians
Revealed the terrible conditions in slums and sweatshops
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Upton SinclairWrote The Jungle, a novel
which exposed the unsanitary and dangerous conditions of the slaughterhouses and meat-packing industry
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Municipal Reforms Home rule instead of state
control Stopping the power of political
machines and their “bosses” City council-manager system Cities take over utilities, such as
water service Provide welfare services 4
State Reforms
Direct primary Initiative ReferendumRecall
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Direct PrimaryCitizens vote to nominate the
candidates to run for public office
Took that power away from party leaders
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Initiative Initiate – to start Allows the voters to put a law
they want on the ballot If enough people sign a petition,
the proposed law will be voted on during the next election
Gives people a direct say in what laws are passed
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ReferendumAllows citizens to approve
or reject a proposed state law
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RecallAllows citizens to vote to
remove a corrupt public official before he finishes his term of office
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Federal ReformsTeddy Roosevelt’s “Square
Deal”Anti-trust ActivismPublic Health MeasuresEnvironmental Protection
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Theodore Roosevelt
26th President
1901 - 1909
Republican
New York
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Theodore Roosevelt Organized the Rough Riders in
Spanish American War Built a powerful U.S. Navy “Big Stick” diplomacy Panama Canal Created national parks Pure Food and Drug Act
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T.R.
As a Dakota rancher with
his Winchester rifle and Bowie
knife
Colonel Roosevelt
Spanish American
War
Rough Rider
t.r. the Conservationist
ConservationistsConserve – to savePeople who work to protect
natural resources
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El Capitan, Yosemite
General Sherman, the world's largest
living thing.
It is named after Civil War General, William Tecumseh
Sherman
It stands 275 feet tall, and measures
102 feet at its base.
U.S. Forest Service1905Managed the nation’s water
and timber resources
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Pure Food and Drug Act
1906Required the honest labeling
of ingredients in food Outlawed the exaggeration
of drug capabilities
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Meat Inspection Act1906Required federal inspection
of meat processing to ensure clean conditions
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T.R. and Family
Roosevelt Monument
William Howard Taft 27th President 1909 – 1913 Republican Ohio
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William Howard Taft
Handpicked by TR as his “heir to the throne” in 1908
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William Howard TaftPromised to continue
progressive policies of TRAlso supported big business
interests that wanted to develop public lands
Disappointed T.R.
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Roosevelt and Taft
“BFF”
Until 1912
Election
Bull Moose Party
Started by former President Roosevelt and Progressives who wanted more reforms
“I feel fit as a bull moose.”
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Election of 1912TR ran for President against
his friend Taft in a bitter campaign
Split the Republican Party1912 election went to
Democrat Woodrow Wilson
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Woodrow Wilson
28th President 1913 – 1921 Democrat New Jersey
continued 19
Woodrow Wilson Continued progressive reforms Federal Trade Commission Federal Reserve System Reestablished racial
segregation in federal offices Occupied with world affairs in
Europe - WWI
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Federal Reserve System
1913A network of federal banks
that hold money deposits from national banks
More efficient way to increase the money supply when necessary
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Clayton Antitrust Act
1914 Stronger than the Sherman
Antitrust Act (1890) Stated that labor unions were
not monopolies Legalized unions and
prevented courts from issuing injunctions against them
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InjunctionA court order stopping an
activity, such as a labor strike
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National American Woman Suffrage Association
NAWSAPeople who worked to
gain women’s voting rightsElizabeth Cady Stanton
Susan B. Anthony 23
Suffragettes march
Susan b. Anthony
Susan b. Anthony
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Civil DisobedienceThe non-violent refusal
to obey a law in order to change it
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16th AMENDMENT - 1913
Gave Congress the power to levy an income tax
Source of revenue for the federal government instead of tariffs
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17th Amendment - 1913
Senators will be elected by popular vote
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18th Amendment - 1919
“Prohibition”Prohibited the manufacture,
transport, and sale of alcoholic beverages
Loophole in law – does not outlaw consumption
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19th Amendment - 1920
Women’s suffrageGave women the right to
vote
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