Post on 17-Jan-2016
transcript
The War in the PacificThe War in the Pacific
The United States in World The United States in World War II #3War II #3
I. The Allies Stem the Japanese I. The Allies Stem the Japanese TideTide
A. Battles in the PacificA. Battles in the Pacific 1. After Pearl Harbor, General Douglas 1. After Pearl Harbor, General Douglas
MacArthur army was forced to retreat MacArthur army was forced to retreat from the Philippines.from the Philippines.
2. The Doolittle raid lifted American 2. The Doolittle raid lifted American morale when 16 bombers dropped morale when 16 bombers dropped bombs over Tokyo.bombs over Tokyo.
3. The Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942 3. The Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942 resulted in the Americans and Australians resulted in the Americans and Australians succeeding in stopping the Japanese drive succeeding in stopping the Japanese drive toward Australia.toward Australia.
4. The Battle of Midway on June 3, 1942 4. The Battle of Midway on June 3, 1942 resulted in U.S. planes sinking 4 aircraft resulted in U.S. planes sinking 4 aircraft carriers and 250 planes.carriers and 250 planes.
5. The Battle of Midway was a turning 5. The Battle of Midway was a turning point in the war and the Americans began point in the war and the Americans began their “island hopping toward Japan.their “island hopping toward Japan.
““I shall return.”I shall return.” MacArthur’s pledge MacArthur’s pledge
after he was forced after he was forced to leave the to leave the Philippines.Philippines.
Do the skill builder questions 1,2 on Do the skill builder questions 1,2 on p. 580 p. 580
II. The Allies go on the II. The Allies go on the OffensiveOffensive
A. Japanese DefenseA. Japanese Defense 1. After Midway the U.S. started winning 1. After Midway the U.S. started winning
battles.battles. 2. The battle of Guadalcanal began in August 2. The battle of Guadalcanal began in August
1942 and after 6 months of fighting the 1942 and after 6 months of fighting the Japanese had suffered their first defeat on Japanese had suffered their first defeat on land.land.
3. In October, 1944 MacArthur invaded the 3. In October, 1944 MacArthur invaded the Philippines at Leyte Gulf and MacArthur had Philippines at Leyte Gulf and MacArthur had returned to free the Filipino people.returned to free the Filipino people.
4. As a result of these repeated defeats 4. As a result of these repeated defeats Japan began to use the Kamikaze.Japan began to use the Kamikaze.
5. The Kamikaze were Japanese pilots who 5. The Kamikaze were Japanese pilots who crashed their bomb laden planes into U.S. crashed their bomb laden planes into U.S. ships.ships.
6. Despite the damage of the Kamikaze 6. Despite the damage of the Kamikaze pilots Japan lost 3 battleships, 4 aircraft pilots Japan lost 3 battleships, 4 aircraft carriers, 13 cruisers and almost 500 carriers, 13 cruisers and almost 500 planes in the battle for Leyte Gulf. planes in the battle for Leyte Gulf.
B. Iwo JimaB. Iwo Jima 1. After the retaking of the Philippines 1. After the retaking of the Philippines
Americans began to move quickly Americans began to move quickly toward Japan.toward Japan.
2. Iwo Jima, an island of cold lava was 2. Iwo Jima, an island of cold lava was defended by 20,700 Japanese soldiers in defended by 20,700 Japanese soldiers in tunnels and caves.tunnels and caves.
3. 6,000 marines died taking this island 3. 6,000 marines died taking this island and only 200 Japanese survived.and only 200 Japanese survived.
C. OkinawaC. Okinawa 1. In April 1945 U.S. marines invaded 1. In April 1945 U.S. marines invaded
Okinawa.Okinawa. 2. 7,600 marines died, but over 110,000 2. 7,600 marines died, but over 110,000
Japanese died.Japanese died. 3. The battle of Okinawa was a chilling 3. The battle of Okinawa was a chilling
preview to the loss of life that would occur if preview to the loss of life that would occur if the Allies invaded Japan. Churchill predicted the Allies invaded Japan. Churchill predicted that one million Americans would lose their that one million Americans would lose their lives.lives.
III. The Atomic Bomb Ends the III. The Atomic Bomb Ends the WarWar
A. The Manhattan ProjectA. The Manhattan Project 1. Led by Robert Oppenheimer this 1. Led by Robert Oppenheimer this
project was the most ambitious scientific project was the most ambitious scientific experiment in history.experiment in history.
2. The first nuclear test took place in 2. The first nuclear test took place in the desert near Alamogordo, New the desert near Alamogordo, New Mexico on July 16, 1945.Mexico on July 16, 1945.
B. Hiroshima and NagasakiB. Hiroshima and Nagasaki 1. The plane Enola Gay dropped the 1. The plane Enola Gay dropped the
first atomic bomb, “Little Boy” on first atomic bomb, “Little Boy” on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945.Hiroshima on August 6, 1945.
2. The second bomb “Fat Man” was 2. The second bomb “Fat Man” was dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945 dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945 after the Japanese refused to surrender.after the Japanese refused to surrender.
3. Japan officially surrendered on 3. Japan officially surrendered on September 2, 1945 and WWII officially September 2, 1945 and WWII officially ended.ended.
IV. Rebuilding BeginsIV. Rebuilding Begins
A. Yalta, Nuremberg, and JapanA. Yalta, Nuremberg, and Japan 1. At the Yalta Conference in Feb, 1945 the Big 1. At the Yalta Conference in Feb, 1945 the Big
Three discussed the fate of Germany and the Three discussed the fate of Germany and the creation of the United Nations.creation of the United Nations.
2. The Nuremberg Trials were held to try Nazi 2. The Nuremberg Trials were held to try Nazi party leaders for their war crimes and racial party leaders for their war crimes and racial persecution of Jews.persecution of Jews.
3. MacArthur introduced capitalism to Japan, 3. MacArthur introduced capitalism to Japan, introduced free elections and rebuilt Japan introduced free elections and rebuilt Japan from its ashes of defeat.from its ashes of defeat.