Thirteen British Colonies

By 1750 there were 13 British colonies along the Atlanticcoast south of New France.

In the New England Colonies, people lived andworked in fishing villages, port cities, and smalltowns surrounded by modest family farms.

In the Middle Colonies, farms werelarger and farmland more productive.Lively urban centers were hometo prosperous merchantsand skilled artisans.

New France

1626 New Netherland is founded;English gain control in 1664 andrename it New York.

•fc In the Southern Colonies,the large plantations nearthe coast grew single cropsfor trade at nearbyport cities. Smaller townsand farms dotted thefoothills farther west.

Schenecta1626

New York

VciljONIESM M^achuseBS

^W; ^ Hov£S«-)/ \ *""*"•' " ° *

,'\ N 1688, .„New\

HampshireExeter .* Portsmouth

Gloucester

MIDDLEDCOLONIES

• 1620^Massachusetts

Perth Ambo]Trenton^ 7^4 New Jersey

Philadelphia + Burlington

ncasteK* .-^Wilmington

/ Castlei Dover1638'Delaware

New Sweden is foundedalong the Delaware River.English gain control in 1664.

24

f ATLANTICOCEAN

Wilmington

FALL LINESETTLEMENTS

Land Regionsi I Plains and lowlandI I PlateauI | Highland

= City on Fall Line0 100 200 miles

THIRTEEN COLONIES175O

Regional division

Colonial boundary

Indefinite boundary

* Colonial capital

1607 Date founded

200 kilometers

In 1750 few colonies haddefinite western boundaries.Those not blocked by othercolonies continued to expandas settlers moved west intonew territory.

Waterfalls and rapids along the edge of thePiedmont created a barrier to navigation calledthe Fall Line. Trading towns grew where goods tobe carried past the falls were unloaded from boats.

ERA

Colonization and Settlement1585-1763

RELIGION IN THE176O

Official Religions

j | Anglican (Episcopal)

| | Puritan (Congregational)

| | None (policy ofreligious tolerance)

0 100 200 miles

0 100 200 kilometers

COLONIES

Other Religions

Baptist

•̂ - Lutheran

-|- Mennonite

^ Presbyterian

^- Quaker

^ Roman Catholic

^ Jewish

, Like European countries of the time,' most colonies financially supportedone religion, called the "establishedchurch," and not others. Fourother colonies encouraged allreligions but gave moneyto none.

1626-1664 New Netherland,later New York, is DutchReformed.

1633-1649 Maryland isRoman Catholic. It becomesAnglican in 1691.

ATLANTICOCEAN

ofdiffwewb

wuLe, Mid stormy se^u -to

come/ kitker..."— P E T E R KALM,

S W E D I S H I M M I G R A N TD E S C R I B I N G P E N N S Y L V A N I A , 1738

NY 7%

ATLANTICOCEAN

POPULATION BY COLONY, 1750By 1750 there were a million settlers and slaves inthe 13 colonies. The two earliest colonies had thelargest populations.

Colonists tended to settle with others from thesame part of Europe. By 1760 ethnically distinctregions could be found throughout the colonies.Notice the changes since 1640, shown on map Con page 23.

COLONISTS FROMMANY NATIONS

Largest European Group

| | English

| | German

| | Scots-Irish

| | Dutch

| | Scots

Enslaved Africansrx^ Over 30% of^^ local population

— Colonial boundary, 1760

0 100 200 kilometers

25