New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies

Objective

How are the thirteen British colonies similar and different?

New England Colonies

The New England colonies included Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire

Massachusetts (thru Plymouth) was the first of these colonies to be established in this region

They were all English colonies

New England Colonies

The New England colonies were primarily settled for religious reasons

Why was Plymouth settled?

Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire developed in response

New England Colonies The Puritans were incredibly religious and religion drove society

John Winthrop was one of the founding settlers of the Massachusetts Bay colony

Winthrop was a Puritan and colonial leader in government

New England Colonies

Winthrop believed that Massachusetts would be a “city upon a hill”

He believed that the colony of Massachusetts would set a religious and political example that England would follow

New England Colonies

Roger Williams initially settled in Massachusetts

He was a Puritan and believed the Separatists were right

Roger Williams preached in Massachusetts for a few years before being banished

New England Colonies

Williams was banished from the colony of Massachusetts

Roger Williams travelled to a land he called Providence and established the settlement of Rhode Island

New England Colonies In Rhode Island, Williams promised people religious equality and the freedom to practice their religion freely

This was very different than many other colonies Religious toleration appealed to many of the colonists in New England

New England Colonies Anne Hutchinson lived in Massachusetts and was deeply religious

She was literate and participated in group Bible studies

Women were not allowed to participate in religion at this time though

New England Colonies

Hutchinson faced criticism for leading religious studies in her home

Anne Hutchinson was banished from Massachusetts and left to practice religion freely in Rhode Island

New England Colonies John Wheelwright was another Puritan leader who settled in the early Massachusetts colony

He was Anne Hutchinson’s brother-in-law

He accused the colonial leaders of not being Christian enoughWheelwright was banished from the colony and travelled north to settle the colony of New Hampshire

New England Colonies

Thomas Hooker was another Puritan leader beginning in Massachusetts

He disagreed with Massachusetts's lack of universal Christian suffrage

This means that he wanted all Christians to have a political voice

New England Colonies

Hooker chose to leave Massachusetts and established the colony of Connecticut

In Connecticut, Hooker proved to be the inspiration for the founding colonial document, “Fundamental Orders of Connecticut”

Which promoted a represented democratic government

New England Colonies

All the New England colonies centered around religion

Specifically Puritanism

Religious dissent led to the establishment of ALL of the New England colonies

New England Colonies

Middle Colonies

The Middle Colonies include Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and Delaware.

Unlike the New England colonies, the Middle colonies had diverse religions and reasons for settlement

Which colonies were

considered the Middle Colonies?

Middle Colonies

The Middle Colonies literally separated the New England and Southern colonies

The Middle Colonies contained aspects of both the New England and Southern colonies

Middle Colonies

New York was originally colonized by the DutchThe English, via John Cabot, always considered it theirs thoughJames, Duke of York, asserted the English claim in 1664

The Dutch conceded and the colony of New York was established

Who was involved in establishing the Middle Colonies?

Middle Colonies

As the Dutch were removed from the New World, the land of New Jersey was granted to Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley

Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley attempted to draw people to New Jersey in two different ways

Land grants and the promise of religious freedom

Middle Colonies

William Penn was granted a colonial charter by the King of England to satisfy a debt owed to him

Penn was a Quaker and saw this as an opportunity to create a colony for other Quakers

And other people who supported religious tolerance

Middle Colonies

Penn and the Quakers in Pennsylvania supported complete religious tolerance

Quakers were an outcome of the Protestant Reformation

Penn supported all Christians (Catholics and Protestants) as well as the Jewish population to live together in peace and harmony

Middle Colonies

Delaware was settled by Swedish settlers in 1638

It was set up to expand trade

Middle Colonies

The Middle Colonies were diverse

They attracted diverse populations From different religions and from different European countries

The Middle Colonies combined some of the attributes of both the New England and Southern colonies

Middle Colonies

Southern Colonies

The Southern colonies include Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia

The first Southern colony established was Virginia

Through the settlement of Jamestown

The Southern colonies

included what colonies?

Southern Colonies

The Southern colonies established distinctly from the New England and Middle Colonies

Starting with Jamestown (meaning Virginia) cash crops emerged as the best way to make the Southern colonies viable

Why were the Southern colonies

established?

Subsitence farming – only farming what your family needs to survive.

Cash crops – farming large quantities to sell for money

Southern Colonies

To the north of Virginia was MarylandCecil Calvert, or Lord Baltimore, was granted a colony in the New World and established Maryland as a haven for CatholicsLord Baltimore never actually lived in the colony itself

He ruled from his home in England

Who were some of the

prominent settlers of the

Southern colonies?

Southern Colonies

There was no single person who established the Carolinas, but there was someone credited with establishing Georgia

Georgia was the last of the 13 original colonies to be established

Southern Colonies

Georgia was established as a buffer between the English colonies and Spanish Florida

James Oglethorpe was a social reformer who wanted to establish a colony to envision a new type of society

Southern Colonies

Oglethorpe actually created a colony of debtors

People who owed money

Oglethorpe organized the colony economically and politically and essentially ran the colony until he returned to England permanently in the 1740s

Location Colonial Leaders

Economy Government

Massachusetts

Rhode Island

Connecticut

New Hampshire

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

Maryland

South Carolina

North Carolina

Georgia

Virginia