Towards a modern view of life

transcript

TowardsModernism

Arts and CraftsAesthetic movement:peaked in 1870sAim: to bring together good design and modern technology (new machinery and working techniques)

Arts and Crafts:(Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society)founded in England, 1887Aim: to promote decorative arts

Motifs

Fundamental'motifs' toboth movementsa Ruskinesquereverence for nature:-sunflowers-lilies-peacocks

Colour

Colour palette:-soft browns-terra-cottas-moss greens-yellows

Industrial RevolutionThe Second Industrial Revolution (1871–1914) involved significant developments for society and the world.

ChemicalElectricalPetroleumSteel industries

Mass production of consumer goods

Mechanisation of manufacture (food and drink, clothing and transport) and even entertainment (early cinema, radio and gramophone)

The 2nd Industrial Revolution served the needs of the population and also provided employment for the increasing numbers of people in the world.

The role of the worker:

Craftsman Artist

-It was William Morris's desire to unite the 'craftsman' and the 'artist'

many of the designs were produced by hand (ironically making most of the designs too expensive for the ordinary worker to buy)

PatternsWhat are they?

Sequences and arrangments of images and shapes

Industrial Revolution:For a pattern to find a market it first must reflect the contemporary mood.

‘Look Books’What are they?

A seasonal record of a textile mill’s production

1810-1820 from a studio of an Alsatian textile mill, Alsace, France

These can embody the elements of wish fulfilment.

Mid 19th Century, Paris,Swatches of the latest European fabrics

You can choose your fantasy from almost any point in history.

Cloth can be printed cheaply and affordably.

Taste:What is it?How can it be described?-vernacular and street (punk)-educated and refined (Art Nouveau)

What is bad taste?

Art Nouveau:

-A dominant design mode of the years between the world wars (1920s)

-in 1960s there was a revival of its style, previously it was called 'Arts Decoratifs'

Art Deco:

-lasted from 1880s to about 1910

-"new art"

-showed a desire to abandon the past and embrace the future

-called Jugendstil in Germany -called Sezessionstil in Austria-called Modernista in Spain-called style moderne in France

Art Nouveau:-distortions of motifs-complexity of interwining shapes-sophisticated colour palette

Motifs

Fundamental'motifs' toboth movementsa Ruskinesquereverence for nature:-sunflowers-lilies-peacocks

Art Nouveau:Produced using rich, luxurious materials for the upper end of the market and so never became popular with the wider public.

Art Deco:

-geometric planes of Cubism

Style (influences)

Picasso’sLes Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907

Art Deco:

Style (influences)

-Futurism's celebration of speed and machine techhology

The cover of the last edition of BLAST, journal of the British Vorticist movement, a movement heavily influenced by futurism.

Art Deco:

Style (influences)

-Futurism's celebration of speed and machine techhology-Constructivist's love of industrial materials and usable objects

Kazimir Malevici: Suprematism 1916 Muzeul de Art, Krasnodar

Art Deco:

Style (influences)

-Futurism's celebration of speed and machine techhology-Constructivist's love of industrial materials and usable objects

-a Fauvist (Ballet Russes) feeling for colour and simple flattened shapes The Dessert: Harmony In

Red (1908) by Henri Matisse.

Floral

Conversational

Geometric

Floral ConversationalGeometric

Why called?

Modern living caused the garden began to disappear from people’s lives.

So sensual pleasures were brought into the home in the form of printed fabrics.

Why called?

A shape that is not a picture of something from the ‘real’ world.

Why called?

Depicts some real creature or object (excluding flowers).

Can be a landscape or cityscape.

Attention grabing.

The designer removes the ‘motifs’ from the usual surroundings.

Floral

Why called?

Modern living caused the garden began to disappear from people’s lives.

So sensual pleasures were brought into the home in the form of printed fabrics.

All over 2 directional

All over non-directional

All over set

All over tossed

All over One-direction

Geometric

Why called?

A shape that is not a picture of something from the ‘real’ world.

Abstract

All over

Bull’s-Eye

Confetti

Crescents

Squares

Conversational

Why called?

Depicts some real creature or object (excluding flowers).

Can be a landscape or cityscape.

Attention grabing.

The designer removes the ‘motifs’ from the usual surroundings.

American West:Cowboys, Heroes, Comics, TV shows1940s and 1950s

Camouflage:

Cloth could be used by middle and upper classes to distinguish themselves from their employees.

Household help were dressed in dark fabrics that had the effect of ‘camouflaging’ the wearer from the eyes of the superiors.It also hides dirt.

1980s - it was endorsed by the fashion industry.

1990s - used in warfare - operation Desert Storm.

Celestial: 20th Century

Lunar Rocket - 1969 designed by Eddie Squires for Warner Fabrics.

With the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1959, the sky had a new, mechanical kind of star. Rockets, satellites, planets and galaxies.

Telescopes probing into space were allowing people to explore the night sky through the windows of homes.

Photoprints:New York and Brooklyn

Would have been made into men’s shirts

Photoprints:World’s Fair 1939

Would have been made into men’s shirts

Other Movements

GraffitiMost made 'tags' (pictorial versions of their signatures)

Other Movements

GraffitiKeith Haring made actual pictures of people, dogs, babies and mutating TV sets

It was graffiti that gave him the idea of working in public spaces

In 1980s his New York subway chalk-drawings became so popular that the posters he drew on were often stolen as soon as he'd finished them

Cheap goodsAswell as continuing his outdoor murals, he also printed on cheap goods including: t shirts, and fabrics

Bridget Riley High Sky 2, 1992

Style: Optical

Florals

Flowerbeds

What parallels to computer games can you think of?

Designers who us pattern and repetition in their work

TEMDEM FILMS

HR Geiger

Piet Mondrian

Broadway Boogie

1942-43

QuickTime™ and aH.264 decompressor

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The birth of Graphic Design

Industrial RevolutionThe Second Industrial Revolution (1871–1914) involved significant developments for society and the world.

ChemicalElectricalPetroleumSteel industries

Mass production of consumer goods

Mechanisation of manufacture (food and drink, clothing and transport) and even entertainment (early cinema, radio and gramophone)

The 2nd Industrial Revolution served the needs of the population and also provided employment for the increasing numbers of people in the world.

Craftsman Artist

Advances in printing technology

1796 - lithographic process inventedIt became possible to print over 1,000 sheets per hour.

1860s Photo-relief printing.

Development of ratating cylinders.

1905 - Ira Rubel invented the ‘offset’ printing process.

Toulouse-Lautrec

Status of the poster

Created the adverts for stageshows happening at the notorious ‘Moulin Rouge’.

Jules Cheret’s work elevated the status of the posters and advertising art.

Making work for theatre and business.

BonnardParis Designer

Designed advertising for France-Champagne(top-right)

SteinlenProfessional illustrator

An advert for milk(top-left)

Colour

Colour palette:-soft browns-terra-cottas-moss greens-yellows

QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.

[With] the tremendous growth in industrial power, as well as … politics and culture … the world of business and commerce and graphic arts are more closely linked than ever.

Fritz H EhmckeDeutsche Gebrauchsgraphik, 1927