Post on 04-Apr-2018
transcript
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
1/50
Joshua Hernandez
4CEF
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
2/50
The importance of road traffic signs have beenrecognized world wide because of increasingincidence of road accidents due to volume of
traffic and bad habits of motor vehicle drivers.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
3/50
Objectives
1. To lead to a safest road traffic
2. To facilitate this traffic
3. To indicate or to remind some particular trafficrules
4. To inform the drivers how to use the highway
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
4/50
Categories of Signaling Devices
1. Road traffic signs
2. Road traffic signals
3. Pavement markings
4. Guide posts and delineators
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
5/50
Categories of Road Signs
1. Danger Warning Signs
2. Intersection Signs
3. Prescription Signs4. General Information Signs
5. Direction Signs
6.
Agglomeration Signs7. Railway Crossing Signs
8. Temporary Signs
9. Special Instruction Signs
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
6/50
1. Valorization Principle
- to use only the needed and useful signs.
2. Concentration Principle
- some road signs must be seen at the sametime, by night and day.
3. Legibility Principle
- indications or analogical messages should bereduced.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
7/50
Used to warn traffic of potentially hazardousconditions on or adjacent to the highway.
Triangular in shape.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
8/50
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
9/50
1. General Rule
When the vehicle approaches an intersectionfrom different roads, the driver on the left
should yield the right of way to the vehicle onthe right except as otherwise hereinafterprovided.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
10/50
2. Priority Road
Any vehicle on this type of road has always theright of way against the vehicle coming from
the right or from the left, except as otherwiseprovided.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
11/50
3. Non-Priority Road
The driver of any vehicle entering a highwayfrom a private road shall yield the right of way
to all vehicles approaching entering or in theintersection.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
12/50
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
13/50
Informs the drivers about traffic rules andregulation that could be offense if desregarded.
1. Prohibitive Sign white background,red ring,
prohibitive red bar.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
14/50
Obligation Sign circular in shape, dark bluebackground, white border.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
15/50
End of Prescription Sign circular in shapeand represents the same bar sign obligationsymbol.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
16/50
1. Advance direction sign 2. Intersectiondirection sign
3. Confirmatory sign
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
17/50
Gives the driver miscellaneous informationuseful in his driving and general knowledge.
Square in shape, dark blue background, white
symbols.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
18/50
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
19/50
Defined as all power operated traffic controldevices, except flashers, signs and marking fordirecting or warning motorist cyclist or
pedestrians.1. Pre- Timed Signals where traffic time
intervals are divided to various trafficmovements.
2. Traffic Activated where time intervals arecontrolled as whole or in party trafficdemands.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
20/50
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
21/50
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
22/50
Signal Control a solid-state mini processorfor intersections control mist be available. Themini processor receives inputs from detectors,
and interpret their meanings. Synchronized Movement under traffic
volume, coordinated signals at variousintervals estimated from 750m to more than
1km is effective in making smooth flow ortraffic.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
23/50
Four types of systems of coordination1. Simultaneous Coordination - makes all color indications
along the street alike at same time.
2. Alternative Coordination all signal changes theirindication at the same time, but adjacent signals along thestreet show different colors.
3. Limited Progressive System retains a common cyclelength providing separate GO at each intersection to
motor traffic progression.
4. Flexible Progressive System provided with a mastercontrol that commands the controller for the individualsignals.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
24/50
Specific Use of Colors
a) White used where vehicles may cross themarkings like
1. Lane lines 5. Stop lines2. Pavement edge lines 6. Cross walk
3. Channeling lines 7. Parking space limit
4. Turn markings 8. Words and symbol
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
25/50
b) Yellow Lines delineates the separation oftraffic flows line
1. Center line of two highways
2. Double centerline for multiple-lane roadway3. No passing barriers
4. Channeling a center lane
5. Obstruction must be passed to the right
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
26/50
c) Dashed Lines for directional line such ascenter strips on two lane highways and lanelines. 1-2 stripes 3m long 9m gap is
recommended for rural roads.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
27/50
Other Markings a raised reflector less than 1inch in height illuminated by vehicle headlightis widely used. White color is used for lane
marking, blue color to outline bicycle lanes andred to facing vehicles travelling in wrongdirection to the freeway entrance or exit ramps.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
28/50
Broken Line Typical Modulation
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
29/50
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
30/50
Ballotini for Reflective Road Paint
- Consists of beads of good quality, optically cleanfree glass with not less than 90% spherical and
free from flaws.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
31/50
Reflective Pavement Stud
- Is either Flush Surface or Raised Profile type.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
32/50
Adhesive when Raised Profile type reflectoris specified an approved epoxy adhesive isused.
Cement Mortar shall consists of one partPortland cement to two parts fine aggregatesmixed with water.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
33/50
Advance Marking
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
34/50
Are set to guide the drivers and to pinpoint aparticular or linear danger.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
35/50
Types of Guideposts or Beacons
1. Curve guide post 2. Intersection guide post
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
36/50
3. Hazard Maker 4. Nose Marker
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
37/50
5. Delineators are light reflecting devicemounted on posts at the side of the roadway inseries to guide the driver along the proper
alignment
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
38/50
Raised bars are sometimes called jigglebars used as channel device at the nose oftraffic island to keep vehicles out certain paved
areas. Rumble Strips installed across the roadways
to alert the motorist as they approach adangerous situation like stop signs.
Distance Marker usually made of reinforceconcrete indicating the number of km distanceform and to a specific place.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
39/50
Rumble strips
Distance Maker
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
40/50
Generally designed to prevent a car fromleaving the highway or from colliding againstan obstacle by deflecting it so that it continuous
to move at reduced velocity along the guardrailand in the normal direction.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
41/50
For light vehicle the impact angle of 30degressat a speed of 80km/hr
For 10tons truck with the impact angle of
20degress at 70km.hr
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
42/50
Prior to the existence of freeways andexpressways, arterial streets were the mainway of traffic. Arterial and local street
operations make use of street marking signsand signal controlled in several ways by eitherfixed setting or computerized system.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
43/50
Basic consideration in planning arterial roads
1. Selection of convenient route
2. Studies of traffic volume
3. Origin and destinations
4. Accident experienced
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
44/50
One Way Street are those where traffic moves inone direction only.
Advantages of one way1. Bigger Capacity move vehicles are
accommodated by same street system.2. Fewer Stops and Increasing Speed fewer delay
at intersections.3. Improved Pedestrian Movement one crosswalk
is totally free from turning vehicles.4. Reduced Accidents5. Elimination of Headlight Glare ease of
movement for emergency and less attention totraffic.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
45/50
The most important traffic control device forstreet operations are STOP and YIELD signsand the Traffic Signals.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
46/50
Freeways are designed for high speed, freeflowing, low accident facilities and operatewithout hindrances from traffic control.
This type of roadway operated well because oftheir isolation from the surrounding withwidely spaced access and barred pedestrians.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
47/50
Highway and street lightning are generallyincorporated in the design to illuminate theroadway to provide seeing by silhouette.
Object is darker than the background,discernment is by silhouette
Object is lighter than its background, seeing isreverse silhouette.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
48/50
Parking on the street substantially reduces thecapacity of the road
Creates congestion and confusions.
Increases travel time and accident of vehicles.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
49/50
Maximum Volume traffic flow is likely tocontinue without breakdown and seriouscompositions.
Number of Vehicles Values for capacity cannot
be determined exactly due to the many variablethat affects traffic flows. One direction against two direction traffic is one
direction flows independently from that of theother.
A given time period traffic volume and capacityare stated in vehicles per hour but traffic flow doesnot vary uniformly with time, volume andcapacities.
7/31/2019 Traffic Engineering Report
50/50
Commonly accepted as measure of restrictive effectsof increased volume.
Level A free flow speed control by drivers desire
B - stable flow speed is restricted ,no maneuver restriction
C - stable flow speed and maneuver are restricted
D approaches unstable flow tolerable speed, restriction toflow
E volume near capacity speed in neighborhood is 45km/hr
F forced flow low operating speed