Transpersonal Framework for Understanding Codependence

transcript

A Transpersonal Treatment

Framework for Understanding Codependence

Sharon Joy Ng, Ph.D. Professor of psychology

The Evolution Of

Addiction Treatment Conference Dec. 9, 2011

Foundation for understanding the nature of codependence

Treatment Framework

Multifaceted Approach

Inclusive Model

Empowerment

Educational

Approach

Theoretical

Considerations

Reframe the Construct

Consciousness Evolution

“Trans” refers to “beyond”

“Personal” refers to that which is “individual”

Focuses on consciousness

evolution

Inclusive model •  Integrative, holistic, emphasizes healing

Soul and spirit are considered in this approach • Unity or Cosmic Consciousness

Transpersonal Treatment Framework

Relationship of the personal to the transpersonal?

Relationship of Self to Spirit?

• Nature of This Relationship?

Concern w/Transcendent Aspects

of Individuality

No Boundary Consciousness

Blends Western & Eastern Approaches • Path of awakening

Addresses the levels of influence upon the psyche

• Perinatal Matrices (Grof)

• Biographical Realm

• Archetypal Realm (Jung,

Krippner) • New Biology

(Lipton) • Mindsight (Siegel) • Energy Medicine

(Feinstein) • Spectrum of Consciousness

(Wilber)

Personal Mythology

in Need of Revision

(Feinstein & Krippner’s Model)

1. Discover the thesis

2. Uncover the

antithesis

3. Synthesize the two myths

4. Refine the new

mythology

5. Weave the renewed mythology into daily

F Presence Centered Therapy

Family Influences

Societal Factors

History and Codependence

Discourse

Patriarchy and

Codependence Profile

Spectrum of

Consciousness

Empowerment

Awaken Consciousness

Symptoms, Not Identity

Uncover, Discover

and Heal

Cultural Factors

Gender Considerations

Historical emergence in therapeutic settings

“Co” or partner of a substance abuser

•  Identified “patient”

Self help industry

popularized the concept

Self –identified patients

Focus substance abuser (dependent on a substance) to

the partner

“co-dependent”

Relationship Addiction

Symptoms Of

Codependence

Difficulty Identifying/Expressing Feelings

Perfectionism

Difficulty Forming/Main-‐taining Close Relationships

Rigidity Attitudes & Behaviors

Over-‐responsibility

Need for Approval

Difficulty Making Decisions

Powerlessness

Shame/Low Self Esteem

BCI ( Beattie Codependency Checklist)

114 items

260 character-‐

istics

CAI (Codependency Assessment Inventory) Friel & Friel

Continuum Severity, Length, # of CoD

Symptoms

60 T/F items

FSC (Spann-‐Fischer Codependency Scale)

15 Items Assessing 4 Core Areas:

Expression of feelings

External focus

Purpose Through Relationships

Caretaking

Assessment of Codependence

ADF-‐C5 (Acquaintance Description Form) Wright & Wright

Intensity & Quality of Personal Relation-‐ships

Endogenous & Exogenous

CoD Characteris-‐

tics vs Relating

CdQ (Codependent Questionnaire) Glickhauf-‐Hughes & Bruss

Reduced Earlier CAI From 60 to 36 items

Consider Psychometric Measures of Parental Quality (Fisher & Crawford)

Emotional Support

Parental Involvement

Parenting Style Parental Control •  (induction, coercion, love withdrawal

Assessment of Codependence

Patriarchy Influences Our

Understanding of Codependence

Hierarchical Standards and Conformity Addiction Prone

Society Characteristics and Behaviors Are Defined by Those in Power

Maleness Establishes Ideals

Layering Power inequities

Dominance & Ranking Subservience

Independence Preferred to

Interdependence

• Axis II -‐ Personality Disorder Gender Bias • Hysteria Dependent Histrionic Borderline

BIAS IN THE DSM

•  “Too much” typically expected feminine behavior is dysfunctional GENDER ROLE

EXPECTATIONS

•  Diverts attention away from social and political factors

•  Iron Jawed Angels •  Mona Lisa Smile

SOCIETAL FACTORS

Historical Context"•  Secure

boundaries"•  Male Defined "

Separation Model

•  Relational problem but the “cause” is individual"

Context is Minimized

•  Females fail to it is more than an individual problem"

•  No strong female role models within relationships"

Victimizes the “Victim”

Dysfunctional Environment

Parentification

Triangulation Chaos Control

Numbing

Family Role

Self-‐Consciousness (Private and

Public)

Shame-‐proneness

Lower Self Esteem

Inter and Intra-‐

relationship Factors

Endogenous vs Exogenous

Attachment: Avoidant or Anxious-‐

Ambivalent

Learned Helplessness

Arrested Ego-‐Development

•  From “Within” Oneself!•  Dysfunctional Family Environment!•  Vulnerability to develop CoD!•  Preference for Exploitative

Relationships!•  Problematic Characteristics!

ENDOGENOUS

•  From “Outside” Oneself!•  Reactionary Role to Problematic

Relationship!•  Reared in Stable, Supportive

Homes!•  Healthy Interdependence!•  Communal !

•  Problematic Relating!

EXOGENOUS

Trauma

Nightmares

Flashbacks

Hypervigilence

Avoidance

Trust Hope! Age 0-‐1

Autonomy Will! Age 1-‐3

Initiative Purpose! Age 3-‐6

Industry Competence! Age 6-‐12

Identity Fidelity! Age 12-‐18

Erikson’s Early Ego Development

•  Hierarchichal" " Layering of Power"•  Establishes Normative Standards (masculinity is better)"

Patriarchy

•  More restrictive for females " Minority Class

Religion/Ethnicity

•  Haves and the Have Nots " Subservience = CoD "" " " "Behaviors"

•  Reliance on Experts

Socioeconomic Conditions

•  Expected female behaviors (Just not TOO much)"

Gender Roles

•  Perpetuates stereotypes Exacerbates Feelings " " " " " of Powerlessness" ""

Mass Media

Archetypes

•  Femininity • Emotional • Care taker • Nurturer • Mother • Wife • Daughter • Sister

Characteristics Associated with CoD are Expected

Female Roles

Stereotyped gender roles and

identification emerge from the

selection process of ancestors

Each gender was selected for their contributions to

survival of the unit

Evolutionary Psychology

What is Reality ?

Enfolded Reality and

Unfolded Reality

Consciousness is subjective

Language allows us to communicate

Words are symbolic

representations

Definitions & Interpretations are individual

Reality differs for all

“Meaning” is assigned

Transformation & Healing come from knowing ourselves rather than knowing “about” ourselves

Void, Emptiness

Loss of Being

Anxiety Arises Space Emerges

Allowing Wisdom to Emerge

Emotions Emerge

No Numbing

Implicit, Felt Meaning or Enfolded Reality

Can Emerge

“Drop the Ego” Must Be Formed Before It Can Be

Dropped

Consciousness changes our behavior from REACTION to RESPONSE

Loosen Neural Networks

BECOME THE OBSERVER

Open to Pain Without Stories

Felt emoJons

Wisdom emerges

•  IDENTIFIES WITH THE MASKS (PERSONA)

•  REPRESSES THE SHADOW

PERSONA LEVEL

•  EGO •  IDENTIFIES WITH THE MIND •  SEPARATION OF BODY/MIND

EGO LEVEL

•  “CENTAUR” BODY/MIND CONNECTED

•  DISCONNECTED FROM THE ENVIRONMENT

TOTAL ORGANISM

•  INTERCONNECTION WITH EVERYTHING UNITY CONSCIOUSNESS

WILBERʼS!SPECTRUM !OF !CONSCIOUSNESS!MODEL!

•  SIMPLE COUNSELING •  SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

PERSONA LEVEL

•  PSYCHOANALYSIS •  PSYCHODRAMA •  TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS •  COGNITIVE THERAPY •  EGO PSYCHOLOGY

EGO LEVEL

•  ROGERIAN THERAPY •  GESTALT THERAPY •  EXISTENTIAL ANALYSIS •  HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY

TOTAL ORGANISM

• EASTERN RELIGIONS • MEDITATION •  YOGA • HOLOTROPIC BREATHWORK

UNITY CONSCIOUSNESS

THERAPIES !IN THE !SPECTRUM!OF !CONSCIOUSNESS!

To be fully responsive/aware to what is transpiring within the resonance between client and

therapist

“Heart…is a direct presence that allows a complete a<unement with reality…What shuts down the heart more than anything

is not le>ng ourselves have our own experiences but instead judging it,

criBcizing it, or trying to make it different from what it is…” Welwood, 2002, p. 163-‐164

Unconditional Presence

Allow Space: Wisdom Emerges

Attunement Mutual path of discovery

Condition of the Spirit is Primary

Beliefs Create Reality

Own Your

Buttons

Beginner’s

Openness Flexible

Consciousness

Personal Mythology

in Need of Revision

(Feinstein & Krippner’s Model)

1. Discover the thesis

2. Uncover the

antithesis

3. Synthesize the two myths

4. Refine the new

mythology

5. Weave the renewed mythology into daily

REFRAME CODEPENDENCE

Pathological behaviors represent the soul’s cry for attention

Not a condition to be rid of

Opportunity to awaken the heart

Deepen one’s connection to life

EMPOWERMENT

Reframe to a Relational Focus

Extent of CoD Relating

Group Therapy

Experiential Techniques •  Psychodrama •  Journalizing •  Empty chair (Gestalt) •  Active Imagination •  Relaxation Techniques •  Positive Affirmations

Holistic Recovery Aftercare •  Intellectual Spiritual •  Social Emotional •  Occupational Physical

Personal Factors That

Enhance Empowerment

Assertiveness Recognize and Express Feelings

Nurture Self More Than Others

Scrutinize the Laws, Rules,

Norms, Values, Sanctions,

Prejudices that Limit

Empowerment

Self parenting!

Stop Over-functioning!

Stop Shame w/Self

Empathy!

Problem focused!

Decentralize Family of

Origin Trauma!

Build Self-Esteem Boundaries

• HERE & NOW • PLANE OF POSSIBILITIES

•  HOLOTROPIC BREATHWORK

•  ART THERAPY

•  EFT •  CHI KUNG •  AIKIDO •  EMDR

•  MEDITATION

TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUES

ENERGY WORK

PERINATAL REALM

MINDFULNESS/MINDSIGHT

Clinicians and Clients Can Enroll to Learn

More Human Services 32: Relationship

Addiction/Codependence

(1 Unit)

Psychology Consciousness Series: Psych

30A, 30C & 30D (1 unit each)

Offered in a 6-week format

Taken for Credit/No Credit or