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Transportation, Planning, and the Economy:

From Theory to Reality (in 25 years or Less?)

Moving into the Future Workshop,May.9, 2014

Clarence WoudsmaDirector, School of Planning

University of Waterloocwoudsma@uwaterloo.ca

Outline

…the transition

• Context • Theory• Perspectives• Moving Forward

In Theory…

TransportationPlanningEconomy

Transportation Planning Economy

Systems Institutions Governance Stakeholders

• Isolation to integration

• Where do responsibilities for long range planning lie?

• Fill out the “S”s– System users?– Service

providers?– Stakeholders

University of Waterloo, School of Planning

Theory• Where “transport” and

“planning” and “economy” come together

• 30 minutes to 30 years

Figure 1 The land use – transport feedback cycle (Source: adapted from (Wegner & Fürst, 1999)

• Highway 401 – 30 years (1938 to 1968)

• The 401 and long range multi-modal infrastructure plans?

• Highway 403 – plans as early as 1954 – sections begin the 1950s – completed 1997 (Woodstock to

Brantford 1988)

• Consider economic impacts of that corridor

Production(of Goods &

Services)

Sellers (of Goods

& Services) Distribution

Labor

ProductionProcess / Organization Effects:- Economies of scale - Economies of specialization- Economies of timing (JIT prod)

Freight DeliverySupplier Market Access Effects:- Match to specialized supplies- Reliability of deliveries- Transportation cost

Product to MarketsCustomer Access to Store/Service:Product Delivered to Customer: - Market Access- Transportation cost

CommuteLabor Market Access Effects:- Match to specialized skills- Reliability of workers - Transportation cost

Supply ChainInventory / Stocking Effects:- Safety stocks- Reliability, Connectivity- Centralization of dispatch- Transportation cost

Capital Goods

(Materials & Equipment)

Final Demand (households)

Transportation Effects on Productivity & Competitiveness (source G. Weisbrod EDR Group 2013)

9

Performance & Impact Measurement

TraditionalTraveler Benefit • Travel time• Travel cost• Safety

Wider Transport Benefits• Accessibility• Connectivity• Mobility• Reliability

Wider Economic Benefits• Productivity from

market access• Supply chain

efficiency

Local Effects• Economic

Competitiveness• Business

Location

User Benefits Transport System Economic Effects

Graphic © Economic Development Research Group, 2012

10

Perspectives

• Making the case for infrastructure planning and investment– Costs v. Benefits– Leadership in Ontario – PTG – PPP (ULI,2013)

• Local considerations in the era of globalization– The “local” movement (food to near-shoring)– Business including the business of infrastructure

• Each link in the network is part of a global network– “last mile”

• sdf

Least cost travel routes used to establish the broader region influenced by segment of Hwy 6

• sdf

Regional Context

14

CPCS Transcom, EDR Group, et al, NCFRP 17: Multimodal Freight Transportation within the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Basin, 2012

Truck Routes & Volume

Freight Rail Routes

• How do can we reconcile the economic benefits and community costs of mulitmodal infrastructure needs moving towards a more sustainable future?

Source: Meyer, M.D., and Miller, E.J. (2001) Urban Transportation Planning: A Decision Oriented Approach, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York

Perspectives

Global

National

Regional

Local

Public

Sector

Private

Sector

Scope of Interests in Freight Movements

Source: National Highway Institute, 2009

Collaboration Potential� Public versus

Private Stakeholders Interests

Perspectives….“Economic development officials are faced with the difficult task of assessing whether investments in an infrastructure primarily oriented to delivering imports to national consumers provide enough local benefits to justify significant local costs (Chrisopherson and Belzer,2009, pg. 203) ”

The Honorable Jim Bradley, Minister of the Environment for Ontario

“the renewal of infrastructure can only be achieved through cooperation”

“we must make the responsible and courageous decisions now before it’s too late . In both a literal and a figurative sense, the foundations of our country are at stake”

From Keynote address: Feb. 5th, 1987

Source: http://www.ontario.ca/government/about-ministry-environment

Moving Forward

– “ taking the politics out of planning for infrastructure”

• High speed rail?

– “ need new network institutions – responsible for the whole network” (Fleming, 2012)

• CREATE project

– User pay – funding innovations - stability• iBanks

Moving Forward

– Potential for integrated policy approach• ‘whole of government approach' to solving complex

problems (Health in All Policies example)

• Develop the will to move from theory to reality

– Capacity for innovation and the leverage of Academic institutions

• Part of the system, part of the solution• Inter-disciplinarity, experiential, applied – part of the

core

Thank You!

cwoudsma@uwaterloo.ca