Post on 02-Jan-2016
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Types of Cells
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Homework
• Quiz on Monday– Parts of Microscope– Parts of a Cell
Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
Prokaryote:
-has no
organelles
(no nucleus)
Eukaryote:
-has organelles
(has a nucleus)
Both:
-are living
-have DNA
-are cells
EurkaryotesProkaryotes
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
•Single celled organisms•No nucleus•No membrane-bound organelles•Bacteria
smallest cell•Achaea
•Multicellular•Nucleus enclosed•Membrane bound•Types•Animal•Fungi•plants
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Plant Animal•Oval Shape•Chloroplast—where photosynthesis takes place—two membrane and DNA•Cell Wall•Golgi Complex•Cytoskeleton•Mitochondrion•Cell Membrane•Cytoplasm•Ribosome•Endoplasmic Reticulum•Large Central Vacuole
Parts—Circle Shape•Nucleus•Lysosomes •Golgi Complex•Cytoskeleton•Mitochondrion•Cell Membrane•Cytoplasm•Ribosome•Endoplasmic Reticulum
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Cell PartsOrganelles: “little organs”
Think of a cell as a factory- lots of separate people, departments, and machines that each have their own
task, but they work together to get a job done.
• Cell Membrane (like factory doors and gates): surround the cell
• provide communication with other cells
• control entrance and exit of materials, thereby maintaining internal balance
Cell Membrane
Nucleus • Cell nucleus (like the factory
central office): the “boss” of the cell
• Directs all cell activities
• Separated by a nuclear membrane (it’s own “cell wall”)
• Contains genetic material - DNA
Cytoplasm
• Cytoplasm (like the factory floor): contains and carries all other organelles
• Gel-like material; the “goop” of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Endoplasmic reticulum (like factory conveyor belts): move materials around in cell
• Smooth type: has no ribosomes
• Rough type (pictured): has ribosomes in surface
Ribosomes
• Ribosomes (like the factory assembly line): put together proteins
• Each cell contains thousands
• Found on reticulum and floating throughout the cell
Mitochondria
• Mitochondria (like the factory generator): the “power plant” of the cell
• Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates
Lysosome• Lysosomes (like the factory
waste management dpartment): the “wrecking crew” and “trash can” of the cell
• Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal
• Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes or ruptures
Homework
• Create an analogy or story that describes the functions of the organelles of a an animals cells
• Look at the example of the cell factory• Two options:
– Draw a picture and label the organelles like the cell factory ( must be colorful)
– Write a mini story
• Worth 20 points