UNIT 4 : MODERN MIDDLE EAST

Creation of Israel

Conflicting Claims

Zionism: Form of Nationalism Creation of a state in

the holy land.Arabs:

Turks controlled Holy Land since 1100’s.

Palestinians lived there for nearly 2000 years.

Home of Al-Aqsa Mosque

Justification for Land Claim

Jewish Justification: Historic Land Claim

Abraham led the Jews to Canaan

Ancestors lived there Jerusalem home of

Wailing Wall

Think Pair Share

If you were Israeli, why might you think you should live on the land that is now Israel?

If you were Palestinian, why might you think you should live on the land that is now Israel?

Who has the rightful claim to the land?

Where did Zionism come from?

Anti Semitism throughout History. Black Death

Poisoning Wells Russian Pogroms

Anti Jewish riots Dreyfus Affair

Wrongfully Convicted Holocaust

6 million dead

UNIT 4 : MODERN MIDDLE EAST

Broken Promises

What Did WWI Promise the World?

Ottoman Empire

The Decline of the Ottoman Empire: 1807-1924

UNIT 4 : MODERN MIDDLE EAST

Conflict in the Middle East:Arab-Israeli Wars

Broken Promises

World War I Fall of the Ottoman

Empire British had made Promises

to Both SidesMcMahon-Husain

(1915)Sykes-Picot (1916)Balfour Declaration

(1917)The Mandate of Palestine

British occupation and Administration

McHahon-Husain Letters

McHahon-Husain Letters

Sykes-Picot

Aftermath of WWII

UN Intervention 1947 Palestinian (45%) and

Jewish States (55%)What do we do with

Jerusalem? International Shared

Jewish refugees: Populate area Very organized

UNIT 4 : MODERN MIDDLE EAST

Conflict in the Middle EastThe Wars that Shaped the Borders

Arab-Israeli War

May 14, 1948 Israel becomes a state David Ben-Gurion

1st prime MinisterMay 15, 1948

Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Lebanon invade Israel.

Israel wins US Support

What about Palestine?

Israeli Palestinian

Creates state of Israel

War of Independence

Violence would not happen if there was a Jewish Homeland

They had no input Nabka:

“catastrophe”Land set aside for

Palestinians: Arab or Israeli

controlled

Perspective on Partition

Suez Crisis

Suez Canal British owned Canal Negotiations to draw

down TroopsJuly 1956

Egypt Nationalizes canal

What does that mean?British, France, and

Israel. Israel invades

UN sides with Egypt

Six Day War

Tensions still exist June 1967 Preemptive Strike Israel is over powering

Results: Territorial Gains

Jerusalem West Bank Golan Heights Sinai Peninsula

Refugees 250,000 fled

Israeli Palestinian Perspective

Land gained is a buffer zone West bank, Gaza Strip,

and Golan heights. Defensible borders

Unified Jerusalem Holiest City

West Bank and Gaza Strip “Occupied territories”

Some will accept pre-war borders

PLO forms and begins to use terrorism

Perspective On and Aftermath of 1967 War

Unfinished Business

Yom Kippur War: Egyptian President

Anwar Sadat. Surprise Attack

Initial Results: Israeli forces pushed

backIsraeli Counter Attack

Prime Minister Golda Meir

Results Borders remain the

same

UNIT 4 : MODERN MIDDLE EAST

Peace in the Middle East?

Palestinian Liberation Organization

P.L.O 1964 Goal= Fight for

Palestinian StateYasser Arafat

Chairmen of the P.L.O 1969-2004

Munich Olympics Black September

PLO? 1972 summer games 11 Israeli athletes

murdered

Camp David Accords

Why is it important? First signed agreement

between Israel and an Arab Country

Who was it between? Israel and Egypt

What did it do? Recognized Israel Israel gives back Sinai

Results Anwar Sadat was

assassinated.

First Intifada

Palestinian CampaignWhat do you think

Civil Disobedience is? Boycotts and Protests Attacks on Soldiers Rock Throwing

Why did they do it?Results

400 Israelis killed 1500 Palestinians

killed

Second Intifada

Bill Clinton Failed at Peace

Accords at Camp David

Arafat walks awayPalestinian violence

erupts. Suicide bombers

target buses, discos, hotels, etc.

Israel military responds 4500 Palestinians

killed 1000 Israelis killed

UNIT 4 : MODERN MIDDLE EAST

Current Situation

Oslo Accords

Oslo Peace Accords Declaration of

PrinciplesWho is it between?

Israel and PLO Rabin and Arafat

Results: Limited Self Rule

Gaza and West bank Framework to settle

issues Rabin Assassinated

Gaza Strip

Road Map to Peace Abbas and Sharon

Two State Solution Backed by US Create a Israel and

Palestine2005 Israel removes

settlements. Palestinian control Hamas

Gov’t vs. terrorist org.