Post on 19-Apr-2018
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Unit IX:Developmental Psychology
Ms. Justice
AP Psychology
2014-2015
Unit IX - Overview
45 – Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development & the Newborn
46 – Infancy & Childhood: Physical Development
47 – Infancy & Childhood: Cognitive Development
48 – Infancy & Childhood: Social Development
49 – Gender Development
50 – Parents, Peers, and Early Experiences
51 – Adolescence: Physical & Cognitive Development
52 – Adolescence: Social Development & Emerging Adulthood
53 – Sexual Development
54 – Adulthood: Physical, Cognitive, and Social Development
Unit IX:Developmental PsychologyModule 45
Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development, and the Newborn
Developmental Issues 45-1
Three Major Issues in Developmental Psychology:
Issue Details
Nature/Nurture
How do genetic inheritance (our nature) and experience (the
nurture we receive) influence our behavior?
Continuity/Stages
Is development a gradual, continuous process (escalator)
or a sequence of separate stages (rungs on a ladder)?
Stability/Change
Do our early personality traits persist through life, or do we
become different persons as we age?
45-1
Prenatal Development 45-2
Conception
A single sperm cell (male) penetrates the outer coating of the egg (female) and fuses to form one fertilized cell. L
enn
art Nilsso
n/ A
lbert B
on
niers P
ub
lishin
g C
om
pan
y
45-2
Prenatal Development
• A zygote is a fertilized egg with 100 cells that becomes increasingly diverse.
• At about 14 days the zygote turns into an embryo(a and b).
45-2
Prenatal Development
• At 9 weeks, an embryo turns into a fetus (c and d).
• Teratogens are chemicals or viruses that can enter the placenta and harm the developing fetus –drugs, alcohol, viruses.
45-2
The Competent Newborn 45-3
The Competent Newborn
Infants are born with reflexes that aid in survival, including rooting reflex which helps them locate food.
45-3
The Competent Newborn
• Offspring cries are important signals for parents to provide nourishment.
• In animals and humans such cries are quickly attended to and relieved.
45-3