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Valmet Gasification Solutions for Biomass and Waste Biomass Gasification Europe 2014, Alkmaar Frank Ligthart
Sales Director Valmet Power
+358 40 561 9612
frank.ligthart@valmet.com
Valmet Gasification Solutions for Biomass and Waste
� Valmet
� Part replacement of coal with biomass in utility boiler Ø Vaasa biomass gasification
� Synthetic natural gas as vehicle fuel from biomass Ø GoBiGas
� Highest efficiency for energy from waste Ø Lahti waste gasification
� Summary
7 oktober 2014 © Valmet | Author / Title 2
Valmet
Global supplier of services and technologies for the pulp, paper and energy industries.
Services • Mill and plant
improvements • Spare parts • Maintenance services • Life-cycle services
Pulp and Energy Technologies and solutions for • Pulp production • Energy production • Biomass conversion
Paper Technologies and solutions for • Board production • Tissue production • Paper production
December 31 2013 © Valmet | 4
Valmet has a turnover of €3 billion and was reborn through the demerger of Metso Group on December 31, 2013.
Gas boilers, PC boilers
& kilns
PC boilers & Industrial
kilns
New technologies facilitate transfer from fossil fuels to utilization of sorted waste and biomass
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Atmospheric gasification
Hot gas filtering
Bio-oil
Waste
Heating Plants
& biofuels
Fast pyrolysis
Biomass Atmospheric gasification
Biogas
Biogas
Steam explosion Biocoal
Co-firing in PC boilers
oktober 7, 2014 1) HFO = Heavy fuel oil
Gasification technology
� Technology – Atmospheric circulating fluidized bed
gasification – Waste and biomass are converted to a fuel
gas that can be cleaned or directly burned – Product gas 3-7 MJ/nm3 (LHV) – Indirect gasification (Repotec license)
� Experience – First biomass gasifier in 1980’s
– Valmet has built the world’s largest gasifiers for waste and biomass
� Key applications – Replacing fossils with renewable biomass in
industrial kilns and utility coal fired boilers
– Waste to energy with highest possible electrical efficiency
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Valmet’s gasification experience
� Värö Bio gasifier – 35 MW Biomass gasifier – 1987 – Oil replaced by biomass in limekiln
� Lahti Waste gasification plant – 160 MW Waste gasifier – 2011 – Waste used in municipal CHP
� Vaasa Bio-gasification plant – 140 MW Biomass gasifier – 2012 – Biomass replacing coal in utility boiler
� Gothenburg Bio-SNG plant – 32 MW Wood gasifier – 2013 – Biomass to replace NG
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Latest news: two CFB gasifiers to OKI in Indonesia for lime kiln Fuel: Eucalyptus bark, screening fines
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Replacing coal with biomass: Vaasa biogasification
Replacement import coal with local biomass in utility boiler Vaskiluodon Voima, Finland � Circulating fluidized bed gasifier plant
that converts biomass into product gas � Gasifier added to existing power plant to
replace 40% of coal with biomass
Key results � Fossil fuels can be partly replaced with
renewable energy � Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions
by about 230,000 tons per year � Existing assets utilized and power plant
life-time significantly extended
10 1) Source: European Commission's Joint Research Centre
CO2 savings correspond to
the emissions of a European city
with 30,000 inhabitants1)
Gasification Finland
oktober 7, 2014
Supply of Biomass
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The fuel is procured within 100 kilometers of the plant: • Wood (forest harvest residues)
90% (50–100%) • Straw and reed canary grass 0%
(0–5%) • Peat (milled) 10% (0–50%) Amount: • 900 GWh/a • 30 trucks a day
Main project drivers
Main drivers for the project: � To replace large amount (25-40%) of coal with renewable CO2-neutral fuel.
‒ The gasification plant will be run on full capacity and coal firing will be reduced on boiler part loads.
� To extend the lifetime of the existing power plant unit
� To achieve capability to use multiple fuels (fuel cost optimization)
� To guarantee a cost-effective district heating solution
Investment cost and benefits
� Total investment cost 40 M€. State investment subsidy 10,8 M€ (Ministry of Employment and the Economy)
� Cost savings: ‒ Reduction of CO2-emission cost, reduction of CO2-emissions
up to 230 000 t/yr. ‒ Feed-in tariffs of renewable energy ‒ Reduction of the environmental taxes of district heating
� Other benefits: ‒ Lower total cost compared with construction of a new biomass power
plant and much higher efficiency ‒ Gasification compared with wood pellet firing: avoid high cost of pellet
production (around +50%) and pellet milling is avoided ‒ Local fuels - Positive effects to the local economy, 15 M€/a.
• The new activities will employ 100 people in fuel logistics
Vaskiluodon Voima Oy 13
Vaasa bio-gasification plant
� 140 MW biomass gasification plant � Connected to existing 565 MW coal-fired
boiler
� Replacing 40% of annual coal consumption with biomass
� Forestry residue with up to 50% moisture
Schedule � Award 6/2011 � Hand Over 12/2012
Total investment < 40 M€
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Valmet scope in Vaskiluodon Voima’s gasification project
� Full scope services with total plant optimization – Fuel receiving and handling – Drying – Gasification – Boiler modifications incl. gas burners – Automation, electrification and instrumentation
Wet biomass
Existing PC boiler
Instrumentation, electrification and automation
Biomass receiving and pre-handling Large-scale belt dryer CFB gasifier
140 MWfuel
Product gas
Dried biomass
Combustion
VAASA BIOMASS GASIFICATION PLANT
Date Author Title INTERNAL 16
FUEL STORAGE AND HANDLING
PC BOILER
CFB GASIFIER
DRYER
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Benefits of the Valmet solution for Vaskiluoto
Low investment cost
Use of multiple fuels
Efficient use of biomass
Reduced emissions CO2, NOx and SOx
Short delivery time
No loss of coal generation during construction
Original coal capacity still available
Synthetic natural gas from biomass: GoBiGas
Fuel production technology for producing biomethane as vehicle fuel
GoBiGas Project, Göteborg Energi AB, Sweden � Indirect gasification of forest
residues and wood pellets to produce synthetic natural gas
� A 20 MW demonstration plant based on indirect gasification
� A commercial scale plant to follow
Key results � Synthetic natural gas is comparable to
natural gas and can be used to replace fossil vehicle fuels
19 1) Source: Swedish Energy Agency
Contributing to Sweden’s shift
to 100% renewable
vehicle fuels by 20301)
Synthetic natural gas as
vehicle fuel Sweden
oktober 7, 2014
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Steam
Biomethane
Air
Steam
Flue gas
Wood pellets
Bed material
Forest residues
Tar
Sulphur rich gas
Air preheater
Hot water
Hot water
CO2 to inert
gas system/
atm
Tar
GoBiGas
International Seminar on Gasification Gothenburg 16-18 Oct 2013 Claes Breitholtz
Application of Gasification to a Biorefinery
Source: GoBiGas
Gasification: Valmet scope
Methanation
Combustor Gasifier
Dryer
Bag filter De-NOx
Fuel handling
Tar removal
Shift Tar removal
Drying Upgrading
Methanation
Sulphur removal
CO2- removal
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Gasification Island - Overview
International Seminar on Gasification Gothenburg 16-18 Oct 2013 Claes Breitholtz 23
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Highest efficiency for energy from waste: Lahti waste gasification
From coal to waste-fuelled energy
Lahti Energia Oy, Finland � Circulating fluidized bed gasifier plant
that converts waste into product gas � Processing of 250,000 tons of solid
recovered fuel to – 50 MW of electricity and – 90 MW of district heat
Key results � Highest possible electrical efficiency
achieved from waste to energy > 31% � Reduction of use of fossil fuels and CO2
emissions � Avoided use of coal in CHP production
is 170,000 tonnes per year
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3,300 railway cars of coal replaced by
waste-fuelled energy
Waste gasification
Finland
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Valmet Waste Gasification Concept
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RDF handling
Gasification
Hot gas cleanup
Steam generation 121 bar/540 °C
Flue gas cleaning
LAHTI WASTE GASIFICATION PLANT
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Gasifier Gas
cleanup
Boiler
Old power station
Conveyor
Stack
APC
Turbine
Valmet Waste Gasification Operational experience
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à Gasification RDF end 2011
à Commercial May 2012
à Capacity demonstrated
à Gasifier operation reliable
à Stable and good combustion
à Compliance with WID
à No corrosion detected
à Some filter element failures
Summary
Valmet gasification Summary benefits
� Replacement of import fossil fuels with renewable and more competitive local biomass and waste derived fuels
� Biomass can be converted in fuel gas for existing industrial furnaces or kilns and utility boilers
� Biomass can be converted in SNG for use as vehicle fuel
� Waste can be converted into clean gas for highest efficiency EfW or co-firing
� Demonstrated in world’s largest plants
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