Post on 20-Jan-2018
transcript
Volunteer needed. Qualifications include…
• Trustworthy, honest and true• Knows how to find Hellems• Can find History Office in HLMS 204• Willing to wait until other students finish
FCQs• Will collect pencils as well as completed
FCQs and transport them to HIST office
Suggested topics to consider for your comments
A. Which books you enjoyed most/leastB. Emphasis on papers, discussions, and
participation over quizzes and midtermsC. Usefulness of terms in syllabus for
preparing for quizzes and finalD. Compared to other large lecturesE. Feedback on TA’s moderation of the
discussions
Print contributed
to the decline of
the prestige of the Church
leaders
Print changed
the reputation
of the ancients by exposing their flaws
Print removed the dependence
on patronage
Print unleashed a
torrent of inaccurate
and misleading
material
Print Encouraged
the Development
of Science
De Revolutionibus
1543
Ptolemy’s Map
Ptolemeic Map
Mappae Mundi
T-O map
Terra Oceana
Genoese Map c. 1457
Waldseemuller’s Map, 1507
Roselli, 1508
Ortelius’ Map, 1597
Astrolabe
Mariner’s Quadrant
Portuguese Exploration
• Influenced by Arabic knowledge of the stars and navigation, the Portuguese were the premier sailors of Europe c. 1500
Portuguese Caravel c. 1470
Carvel Built or Lapstrake ships allowed for improved tacking
Replica of the Santa
Maria
A Carrack
Carrackc. 1490
The Reformation
Luther & The Reformation• Reaction against
indulgences• Questioning the
practices the medieval Church had developed to sustain its finances
• Based on deep religious conviction
• Not really progressive but tended to be very conservative
Frederick of Saxony, 1463-1525
• Frederick the wise was a powerful prince within the Holy Roman Empire
• Had consistently sought to increase the power of territorial princes at the expense of the Emperor
• Had refused the imperial crown and supported the election of Charles V
• Remained Catholic throughout his life
The Beginning of a New Church – Augsburg 1530
The Augsburg Confession, 1530
• Formal declaration of Lutheran ideas, written by Luther’s aide Philip MelanchthonEndorsed by several princes within the Empire• Included 28 articles of faith
– 21 reaffirmed Catholic doctrines– 7 criticized Catholic practices related to monasticism, clerical celibacy,
mandatory confession, and others• Intended to defend Lutherans from rumors & misrepresentations
of their beliefs and to separate them from the radical sects spreading across the Empire
• A reply from the Church accepted several articles without qualification while questioning others
• Later influenced the Anglican and Methodist declarations of faith
The Spread of the Reformation
Henry VIII
r. 1509-1547
Thomas Cromwell
• Spearheaded widespread suppression of monasteries in 1530s
• Architect of Henry’s break with Rome: Act of supremacy (1534)
Calvinist Worship
The Council of Trent1545-1563
The Roman & Spanish Inquisitions
An Auto da fé
Confessional Map of
Western Christendom
c. 1560
Splintering of Western Christendom