WELCOME WELCOME

Sensor Network Applications in Rural Areas

Arun Jose

07331002CSRE, IIT BOMBAY

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

�� Issues and problems in rural areas Issues and problems in rural areas

�� Technology transfer and sustainable Technology transfer and sustainable development are neededdevelopment are needed

�� For decision making timely data collection For decision making timely data collection is essential is essential

�� The current level of data collection is not The current level of data collection is not efficient and sufficientefficient and sufficient

�� Sensor Network Technology helps in Sensor Network Technology helps in obtaining data in real time modeobtaining data in real time mode

System architectureSystem architecture

System architectureSystem architecture

Standard construction of Wireless Sensor Network in an agricultuStandard construction of Wireless Sensor Network in an agricultural ral

field field (Source: (Source: FukatsuFukatsu et al.,2004)et al.,2004)

Sensor Network

�Sensors�Wireless LAN�Camera�Web Server�Power source

Sensors available 1. 1. AirAir--TemperatureTemperature

2. Relative Humidity2. Relative Humidity3. Solar Radiation3. Solar Radiation4. Soil Moisture in 3depths(Surface,10 cm & 30cm) 4. Soil Moisture in 3depths(Surface,10 cm & 30cm)

5. Soil Temperature in 3 depths5. Soil Temperature in 3 depths

6. Wind Speed 6. Wind Speed

7. Leaf Wetness7. Leaf Wetness8. Air8. Air--PressurePressure9. CO9. CO22 ConcentrationConcentration

10. N,P, and K concentration 10. N,P, and K concentration

Wireless LANWireless LAN

�� A wireless LAN provides a highA wireless LAN provides a high--speed speed

transmission network for the data collected transmission network for the data collected

by the sensors.by the sensors.

CameraCamera

Web serverWeb server

•• Web server is a software which gives Web server is a software which gives

Web information to a client Web information to a client

•• We can access the web server by using We can access the web server by using web browser such as Internet Explorerweb browser such as Internet Explorer

Power SourcesPower Sources

Ubiquitous Networking Ubiquitous Networking

using Sensor Networkusing Sensor Network

Farmer's market

Greenhouse house

FTTH，ADSL

i-Space

FiledServer

Farmer's restaurant

Mountain

Hotspot Wireless relay communication

Farm inn

Field or Forest

Camping site

Amenity farm Organic farm Fishing spot

(Source:http://model.job.affrc.go.jp/FieldServer/documents/CIGR2004paper.pdf)

Network Camera

Temp. Sensor,Humidity Sensor

Ventilation Outlet

Solar Radiation Sensor

Devices inside Body

・ＣＰＵ・ＣＰＵ・ＣＰＵ・ＣＰＵ・・・・Wireless LAN Card・・・・Memory

Commercial SensorsCommercial Sensors

Sensors with Solar PanelsSensors with Solar Panels

(Source: (Source: http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/) http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/)

(Source: http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/)(Source: http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/)

Sensor installed at IITB

Agricultural Sensor Network Agricultural Sensor Network installed in installed in SulaSula Vineyard Vineyard

(Source (Source http://http://www.ee.iitb.ac.in/spannwww.ee.iitb.ac.in/spann//))

APPLICATIONS OF SENSORS IN RURAL APPLICATIONS OF SENSORS IN RURAL

AREAAREA

(1)(1) Environmental monitoringEnvironmental monitoring

(2) Agriculture(2) Agriculture

(3) Food industry(3) Food industry

(4) MetBroker(4) MetBroker

1. Environmental monitoring1. Environmental monitoring

oo For weather monitoringFor weather monitoring

oo For the optimal use of fertilizers in the fieldFor the optimal use of fertilizers in the field

2. Agriculture2. Agriculture

2.1 Precision agriculture 2.1 Precision agriculture

2.2 Green house applications2.2 Green house applications

2.3 Farm machinery automation 2.3 Farm machinery automation

2.4 Poultry and animal husbandry 2.4 Poultry and animal husbandry applicationsapplications

2.1 Precision agriculture2.1 Precision agriculture

�� Doing the right thing, in the right place, in Doing the right thing, in the right place, in

the right way, at right time in agriculturethe right way, at right time in agriculture

�� Needs modern technologyNeeds modern technology

Precision Agricultural Cycle Precision Agricultural Cycle

(Source:http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all(Source:http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/sag1/sag1

951?opendocument)951?opendocument)

Application of Sensors in Precision Application of Sensors in Precision AgricultureAgriculture

�� Spatial data collectionSpatial data collection

�� Precision irrigationPrecision irrigation

�� Precision fertigation and Precision fertigation and

�� Disease and insect pest managementDisease and insect pest management

Spatial data collectionSpatial data collection

�� soil water availabilitysoil water availability

�� soil fertilitysoil fertility

�� leaf area indexleaf area index

�� leaf temperatureleaf temperature

�� leaf chlorophyll contentleaf chlorophyll content

�� plant water statusplant water status

�� local climate datalocal climate data

�� insectinsect--diseasedisease--weed infestationweed infestation

�� grain yield, etc.grain yield, etc.

Precision irrigationPrecision irrigation

�� Water is very scarce Water is very scarce

�� To conserve water and to increase the To conserve water and to increase the

yield yield

�� Sensors are very useful in irrigation Sensors are very useful in irrigation scheduling scheduling

Precision FertigationPrecision Fertigation

�� Fertilizer should be applied at proper time Fertilizer should be applied at proper time

and in proper quantityand in proper quantity

�� By using sensors, we can achieve very By using sensors, we can achieve very

high application efficiency high application efficiency

Disease and Insect Pest Disease and Insect Pest

ManagementManagement

�� Digital camera attached with the sensor Digital camera attached with the sensor will continuously monitor the cropwill continuously monitor the crop

�� By knowing leaf wetness we can forecast By knowing leaf wetness we can forecast the diseases the diseases

�� By using web server we can provide By using web server we can provide information on pest and disease information on pest and disease infestation infestation

2.2 Green house applications2.2 Green house applications

To monitor To monitor

temperature, relative humidity, and COtemperature, relative humidity, and CO22

concentrations inside the green house concentrations inside the green house

2.3 Farm machinery automation2.3 Farm machinery automation

Mobile Sensor

3. Food Industry Applications3. Food Industry Applications

�� Real time temperature measurement forReal time temperature measurement for

-- thermal sterilization, irradiation, etc thermal sterilization, irradiation, etc

�� Bacterial concentration in food products Bacterial concentration in food products

can also be sensedcan also be sensed

4. Application of Field Servers in 4. Application of Field Servers in

MetBrokerMetBroker

•• MetBroker MetBroker -- MetBroker is a middleware for MetBroker is a middleware for weather data that provides agricultural models weather data that provides agricultural models with consistent access to many different weather with consistent access to many different weather

databases databases

•• Sensors can be used as a data input in Sensors can be used as a data input in MetBrokerMetBroker

•• Real time data can be accessed using internet Real time data can be accessed using internet enabled cellular phones enabled cellular phones

Components of MetBroker Components of MetBroker

((Source:http://www.agmodel.net/projects/metbroker.htmlSource:http://www.agmodel.net/projects/metbroker.html) ) Slide 50Slide 50

Decision MakingDecision Making

Remote Sensing Data Field Server Data

Geographic Information System

GPS Data Models

Thank You