Wind Turbine Energy Conversion System Design and Integration

Advisor: Venkataramana Ajjarapu

2009 Project TeamElsammani Ahmed Hassan Burawi

Brandon Janssen Luke LehmanKenneth Thelen

Problem StatementThis is a continuation project. The ongoing projectinvolves the design of a wind turbine energy conversionsystem that can be integrated to electrical power grid in theCoover hall power lab. It also includes a display system toindicate the output power from the wind turbine. Thegenerator is rated around 400W. The wind turbine will beinstalled on the roof of the Coover Hall. All the protection andcontrol aspects of the conversion system become part of thedesign. The extension of the project includes the designrequirements to supply stand alone load in conjunction withthe grid supply. At low wind speeds the system is supplementedby the grid source.

Conceptual Sketch

Intended Users and Uses

Users• ISU students

• ISU faculty and staff

Uses• Supplement power to

Coover Grid

• Power standalone load

• Provide an educational and demonstration component

Operating Environment

• Coover Hall Roof-Turbine (Permanent)

• Coover Hall Lab-Inverter and Controls (Permanent)

• Coover Hall Lab-Turbine System (Testing)

Requirements

• Integrate with current team

• Supply Power Grid

• Supply stand alone load

• Meet grid standards

• Budget

• Safety

• Accessibility

Requirement Changes

• Provide test-bed for additional sources

• Display power levels from grid/turbine

Constraints

• Meeting budget constraints of $250.00• Meeting grid standards• Meeting safety standards• Accessibility: shall be able to use testing

equipments to measure outputs of wind turbine

• Location of different system components

Standards

IEEE 1547• Standard for

Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems

NERC Docket PL04-15-000• Interconnection for Wind

Energy and Other Technologies

Assumptions

• All goals of the group from last semester working on the project are accomplished

• Supply 200W load• Grid frequency of 60 Hz• Grid configuration is accessible to connect

with load• Turbine chosen to meet building codes,

federal electrical regulations, fixed speed, etc.

Expected End Product and Deliverables

• Wind turbine power for standalone load

• Wind turbine power for grid operation

• Series of tests for Wind Turbine System

• Matlab simulation of wind turbine system (optional)

• User Interface for Display

Direction Changes

• Single phase vs. 3-phase• Battery-less system• Larger turbine• External control for

educational purposes• Load control

Wind Turbine

Southwest Windpower Air X 400Rotor Diameter 46 in.

Weight 13 lb

Start-Up Wind Speed 8 mph

Voltage 24 VDC

Rated Power 400 watts at 28 mph

Turbine controller Micro-processor based smart internal regulator

Body Cast aluminum

Blades 3-Carbon fiber composite

Overspeed Protection Electronic torque control

Kilowatt Hours/Month 38 kWh/mo at 12 mph

Survival Wind Speed 110 mph

Turbine Output

Non-ideal Features

• Battery Bank Requirement• Regulation Mode• Internal Controls• Low Power Output

Alternative Turbines

Southwest Windpower Whisper 200 Raum EnergyRated Power Output:

1 kW 1.5 kW

Inverter

Outback GTFX2524Nominal DC Input 24 VDC

Continuous Power Rating 2500 VA

AC Voltage/Frequency 120 VAC 60 Hz

Continuous AC RMS Output 20.8 Amps AC

Idle Power 6-20 Watts

Typical Efficiency 92%

Total Harmonic Distortion 2-5%

Output Voltage Regulation ± 2%

Maximum Output Voltage 50 amps AC RMS

AC Overload Capability Surge 6000 VA5 seconds 4800 VA30 minutes 3200 VA

AC Input Current Max 60 amps AC

AC Input Voltage/Frequency 80-150 VAC 58-62 Hz

DC Input Range 21-34 VDC

Weight 56 lbs

Interface Sketch

System Schematic

Testing• Full range of turbine• Inverter operation with

load• Fabricating test

equipment• Ensuring proper gauge

wiring is used• Safe connections and

switching

Resource CostsItem Cost

Air X 400 W Wind Turbine $750

Outback GTFX2524 Inverter $1800

Batteries $750

Microcontroller $25

Controller wiring and misc $20

Turbine Mounting Materials $250

Thick Gauge Wiring $175

Sensors $100

Insulated Ring Tung Terminations $10

Conduit $100

Labor 632 Hours

Estimated Total $3980

Projected Hourly Work

Brandon

Janssen

Luke Lehman

Kenny Thelen

Hassan Burawi

Elsammani

Ahmed

Project Reporting 17 15 10 15 10Problem Definition 12 14 15 10 10

Project Design 31 27 20 26 25

Research 22 15 12 20 21Standalone 12 16 18 17 14Testing 20 30 13 25 20DocumentationWeb Design

200

180

1415

160

190

Totals 132 135 117 129 119

Updated ScheduleWeek 24-Aug 31-Aug 7-Sep 14-Sep 21-Sep 28-Sep 5-Oct 12-Oct 19-Oct 26-Oct 2-Nov 9-Nov 16-Nov 23-Nov 30-Nov

Project ReportingWeekly Reports *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***Project Plan Report *** *** ***Final Design Report *** *** *** *** ***

Project Defination *** *** *** ***

Project Design *** *** *** ***

ResearchCurrent Equipment *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***New Equipment *** *** *** *** *** ***Wiring *** ***Testing *** *** *** *** ***

Shaded areas depict original estimates while the *** depics actual time allocation

Questions