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8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Greening for the Greater GoodAn Educational Demonstration Rain
Garden from Start to Finish with thehelp of volunteers
By Sarah Meyer
FLI Community Outreach Coordinator
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Overview
• Lake-friendly Gardening – Watershed and Stormwater Management Intro
• Catching the Rain
– Gardens and Barrels
• Benefits of Rain Gardens
• The How-To Steps
– Rain garden site selection
– The Dig – Plant Selection
– Maintenance
•
Get Planting!!! May 30
th
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Think Like A Watershed
https://reader009.{domain}/reader009/html5/0510/5af416854e9cf/5af4168725d1b.jpg
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Stormwater Management
• Stormwater
– Over and off;
rainstorm, snowmelt
• Stormwater Runoff – Carries contaminants
to stream and lakes
–
Pet waste, sediment,road salt, litter,
leaves, clippings,
Fertilizers, pesticideshttp://www.newburgh-ny.com/water/pix/UrbanWatershed.gif
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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ImperviousSurfaces
and Runoff
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Lake-friendly Gardening
• French drains
• Swales
•
Buffers• Infiltrative surfaces
• Gutters and
Downspouts• Rain Barrels
http://learningstore.uwex.edu/pdf/GWQ009.pdf
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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French Drains and Infiltrative Surfaces
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Gutters and Swales
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Benefits of Rain Gardens
•
Recharge local groundwater• Reduce mosquito breeding by removing
standing water
• Create a habitat for birds and butterflies
• Reduce the potential of home flooding
• Protect rivers and streams by filteringpollutants
– Allows 30% more water to infiltrate
than a patch of grass of the same size
• Sustain adequate flows in streams during
dry spells
• Reduce the need for costly municipal
stormwater treatment structures.
• Reducing erosion of streambanks and
lakeshores.
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Catching the Rain
• Designed to soak
up rain water
– Rooftops,
driveways, patios
• Slow filtration
– Rather than runoff
•Wildlife – Insects, birds
• Aesthetics
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Onondaga CCE Rain Catcher Program
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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How To Steps
• Location
• Size, Depth, Slope, Soil Type
•
Design – Plant Selection, Bloom Time
• Construction
•
Maintenance
http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/water/wm/dsfm/shore/documents/rgmanual.pdf
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Concept and Garden Template
• Design – 10 feet from house
– Not over septic
– Overflow outlet
– Berm – Slope, shallow
• Size (100-300 sq. ft) – Drainage area
–
Soil type (24 hourperk)
– Garden depth
• Mark it Out
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Step 1: Mark It Out
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Choose native plants based on need
for light, soil, and moisture. Vary plant
structure, height, and color for
seasonal appeal and butterfly habitat.Typical depth is 4-8 inches
deep. This depth,
proportional to surface area,
helps assure water will
infiltrate and not pond.
Typical size is 5-10
times the size of the
impervious surface that
generates runoff.
A good soil amendment is 65% sand,
15% topsoil, and 25% compost.
Located at least 10 feet from
house and not over septic
system.
http://www.ia.nrcs.usda.gov/news/brochures/raingarden.html
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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What to Avoid
• Not appropriate where
seasonal water table is
within 24 inches of soil
surface• Not over a septic system
• Not be next to a building
foundation• Not more than 12% slope
• Not a solution to wet
areas
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Determine Depth and Size
• Depth is dependent on slope
– If <4% then 3-5 inches deep
– If 5-7% then 6-7 inches deep
– If 8-12% then 8-12 inches deep
• Slope---Rise over Run8 inches x 100= 3% slope
240 inches
Recommended…. depth 3-5 inches
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Soil Type/Drainage
• Sand, silt, clay• Percolation Test
• Ribbon Test
• Cornell Cooperative
Extension Nutrient
Management
Laboratory – $15 per soil kit
– Store bought $4; $20
for electric soil tester
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Determine Size of Rain Garden
• Special Delivery!!!! RAIN!
• The bigger the drainage area, the bigger the
garden
• Drainage area x size factor
• 500 square feet x .43 = 215 sq. ft.
Soil Type 3-5” deep 6-7” deep 8” deep
Sandy .19 .15 .08
Silty .34 .25 .16Clay .43 .32 .20
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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The Dig
• Call Dig Safe NY to check forutilities (800) 962-7962
• Dig more on uphill side of garden
– Use soil to build berm on downhillside
• Bottom
– Level and flat
• Install overflow drain if necessary
• Let sit
• Our garden: ½ yard3 compost; 1yard3 sand mixed with clayey topsoil
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Plant Selection
• Native plants – Adapted; less water, less fertilizer,
more resistant
• Tolerate periodic flooding
• Sun vs. Shade requirements
• Variety of heights and bloomtime
•
Color and Texture• Hardy to climate of Central New
York
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Average Minimum
Temp. Range
Zone 5b
-15 to -10 F-23 to -26 C
Zone 6a-10 to -5 F
-21 to -23 C
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Write it Down!Name Height Spread Light Moisture Color Bloom
Christmas Fern 1 2 Shade/Part Sun, Shade Mod. Wet to Mod Dry Green April, May
Foamflower 1 2 Sun/Part Shade, Shade/Part Sun, Shade Mod. Wet to Mod Dry White
April, May, June
July
Blue Wood
Sedge 1.5 2 Sun/part shade
Mod. Wet to Mod. Dry, Dry to Occ.
Moist Green
Anise Hyssop 3 3 Sun, Sun/Part Shade
Mod. Wet to Mod. Dry, Dry to Occ.
Moist Purple July, Aug, Sept
Purple
Coneflower 3 2 Sun, Sun/Part Shade
Mod. Wet to Mod. Dry, Dry to Occ.
Moist Purple July, Aug, Sept
Wild Columbine 3 2 Sun/Part Shade, Shade/Part Sun, Shade
Mod. Wet to Mod. Dry, Dry to Occ.
Moist Red April, May
Scarlet Bee Balm 3 6 Sun/Part Shade, Shade/Part Sun, Shade
Mod. Wet to Mod. Dry, Dry to Occ.
Moist Red
June, July, Aug,
Sept
Northern Sea
Oats 4 3
Sun, Sun/Part Shade, Shade/Part Sun,
Shade
Mod. Wet to Mod. Dry, Dry to Occ.
Moist Green
Swamp
Milkweed 4 3 Sun, Sun/Part Shade Sat., Sat. to Moist Pink May, June
Joe-Pye Weed 4 3 Sun, Sun/Part Shade, Shade/Part Sun
Sat., Sat. to Moist, Mod. Wet to Mod.
Dry Pink
Hens and
Chickens
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Our Garden Plants
1. Christmas Fern2. Foamflower
3. Blue Wood Sedge
4. Anise Hyssop
5. Purple Coneflower
6. Wild Columbine
7. Scarlet Bee Balm
8. Northern Sea Oats9. Swamp Milkweed
10. Joe-Pye Weed
11. Hens and Chickens
1
2
11
5
9
6
3
8
4
7
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Draw It Up!!
AH: Anise Hyssop
SM: Swamp Milkweed
PC: Purple Coneflower
BWS: Blue Wood Sedge
NSO: Northern Sea
OatsJPW: Joe-Pye Weed
(sub)
Part Shade
FF: Foamflower
BB: Bee Balm
WC: Wild Columbine
Shade
CF: Christmas Fern
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Planting Prep
• Slow release fertilizers afterplanting
– 20-10-5, P for root development
–
In each hole• May need to amend soil
– If acidic, add lime
– If too clayey, replace soil; 50% sand,
20-30% organic matter, 20-30% topsoil
• Rake surface smooth and level
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Maintenance
• During 1st Year water regularly; weed
• Annually Inspect outlet pipes
•
Liquid fertilize perennials• 3” layer of mulch; Replenish
• Keep pie-pan, flat over time
–
Carpenters level with string• Leave dead and dormant plants over winter
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Let’s Get Planting
• Special thanks to our volunteers on May 30, 2009!
• HWS Buildings and Grounds crew
– David Iannicello
• Christine Moskell, Onondaga County CornellCooperative Extension
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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Rain Garden Resources
• Rain Garden Manual A How-To Manual for homeowners
– http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/water/wm/dsfm/shore/documents/rg
manual.pdf
• Rain Garden Templates
–
http://www.lowimpactdevelopment.org/raingarden_design/index.htm• WNY Stormwater Coalition Rain Gardens How-To Guide
– http://www.erie.gov/environment/pdfs/rain_garden_booklet.pdf
• Clean Air Gardening Online Store
– http://www.cleanairgardening.com/
• Rain Gardens: A household way to improve water quality in your
community
– http://clean-water.uwex.edu/pubs/pdf/home.gardens.pdf
8/3/2019 Wisconsin, Hobart and William Colleges: Greening for the Greater Good, Demonstration Rain Garden
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• Rain Catchers Brochure
– http://counties.cce.cornell.edu/onondaga/Rain%20Catcher%20Brochu
re_finished2.pdf