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© Copyright 2006Massachusetts Institute of
Technology
OpenKnowledgeInitiative™
Open Knowledge Initiative
International Symposiumon
Open Educational ResourcesJeff Merriman
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
© Copyright 2006 MIT2
MIT’s Open Knowledge Initiative (O.K.I) develops and promotes standards that describe how the components of a software environment communicate with each other and with other enterprise systems through application of Service Oriented Architecture.
© Copyright 2006 MIT3
eLearning Software Trends
• Service Oriented Architecture
• Focus on Infrastructure
• Adoption of Interoperability Standards
Leading to…
• Flattening of Marketplace
• Increasing Sustainability
• Ease of Collaboration
• Increasing Consumer Choice
© Copyright 2006 MIT4
Consumers
Compound
System
Providers
The eLearning Marketplace Today - Bound Services
© Copyright 2006 MIT5
Consumers Applications
Providers Service Software
The eLearning Marketplace Tomorrow - Service Factoring
© Copyright 2006 MIT6
Kinds of Specifications/Standards
• Data Specifications: • Allow systems to have a common understanding of
content being exchanged or accessed
• Protocol Specifications:• Allow machines to talk to each other in a standard way
(provider oriented)
• Interface Specifications: • Allow software components to talk to each other in a
standard way (consumer oriented)
© Copyright 2006 MIT9
Open Service Interface Definitions (OSIDs)• Interface specification for “Plug-In”
interoperability
• Enable Marketplace of pre-integrated
software components
• Reduce cost and effort for custom integration
• Future-proof against changing technologies
• Increase mobility of applications among
enterprise infrastructures
© Copyright 2006 MIT10
OSID Status
• Java versions released in Spring 2003• Currently Version 2.0
• PHP versions released Spring 2004• Currently Version 2.0
• Middlebury -- Segue/Harmoni
• Objective-C -- Apple Education Marketing
• C# -- With feedback from Microsoft
• OSID Version 3.0 under development
© Copyright 2006 MIT11
Current OSID’s
• Course Management• Repository• Assessment• Grading
• Authentication• Authorization• SQL• Logging• Filing• Dictionary• Hierarchy• Agent• Shared• ID• User Messaging• Scheduling• Workflow
“Common Services”“Educational Services”
© Copyright 2006 MIT12
Focus On:
• Course Management• Repository• Assessment• Grading
• Authentication• Authorization• SQL• Logging• Filing• Dictionary• Hierarchy• Agent• Shared• ID• User Messaging• Scheduling• Workflow
“Common Services”“Educational Services”
© Copyright 2006 MIT13
Leading To:
• Course Management• Repository• Assessment• Grading
• Authentication• Authorization• SQL• Logging• Filing• Dictionary• Hierarchy• Agent• Shared• ID• User Messaging• Scheduling• Workflow
“Common Services”“Educational Services”
© Copyright 2006 MIT20
Repository OSID Adoption
• UCLA Digital Library
• MIT Rotch Visual Collections
• Tufts Digital Library
• MERLOT
• ARIADNE
• JStor
• ARTstor
• Tufts Artifact
• Bedford, Freeman, and Worth
• Metamedia
• Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
• Blackships and Samurai
• Yokohama Boomtown
• Ground Zero 1945
• Local Google• Fedora• MySQL• DSpace• HarvestRoad Hive• Giunti Lobster• OAI• SRU/W• Z39.50• SQI• CeLeBraTe• Edusource Canada• EmbARK• Lionshare• iTunes U• Cisco VMS
Specific Repositories Technologies and Protocols
© Copyright 2006 MIT21
OSID-Aware ClientsCan Plug-in Any Repository
• Tufts Visual Understanding Environment (VUE)
• Pachyderm
• Learn eXact Packager
• HarvestRoad Hive Explorer
• Sakai
• Blackboard
• ARTstor
• MIT’s Stellar Image Tool
• Lionshare
• Middlebury College’s Segue (PHP)
• Apple Education Marketing’s Search Party (Objective-C)
• Pachyderm
© Copyright 2006 MIT23
Benefit: Common Factoring
UserMessaging
Shared Logging
Grading
Hierarchy
Assessment
IDAgent/Group
Workflow
RepositoryCourseManage-
ment
Dictionary
SchedulingFiling
AuthZ
AuthN