If diboron trioxide is reacted with water, the product is boric acid. What mass of boric acid is obtained from the full reaction of 6.992 g of diboron trioxide?

2 3 3 3 3 32 3

2 3 2 3 3 3

3 3

1 2 61.84 6.992

69.62 1 2

6.211

mol B O mol H BO g H BOg B O

g B O mol B O mol H BO

g H BO

Synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, can be heated to temperatures between 200 and 300 degrees Celsius in the presence of a catalyst. Octane, C8H18, and water are produced. What mass of water is obtained from the full reaction of 7201.5 g of carbon monoxide?

2 2

2

2

1 8 18.02 7201.5 g

28.01 8 1

4633

mol CO mol H O g H OCO

g CO mol CO mol H O

g H O

In the metallurgy of galena, or lead(II) sulfide, the principal lead containing ore, the first step is the conversion of the mineral to lead(II) oxide by reaction with oxygen. Sulfur dioxide is also produced. What mass of lead(II) oxide is obtained from the full reaction of 236 L of oxygen at STP?

22

2 2

1 2 223.20 236 L

22.414 L 3 1

1567

mol O mol PbO g PbOO

O mol O mol PbO

g PbO

In moderately concentrated nitric acid, copper will react to produce copper(II) nitrate, water, and nitrogen monoxide. What volume of nitrogen monoxide is produced with 412 L of water vapor?

22

2 2

1 2 22.414 412

22.414 4 1

206

mol H O mol NO L NOL H O

L H O mol H O mol NO

L NO

1 2 22.414 15.0 g

65.39 Zn 1 1

10.3

mol Zn mol HCl L HClZn

g mol Zn mol HCl

L HCl

2 2

2

2

(60.0)(20.0%) 12.0 g NaOH

1 1 CO 22.414 12.0 g

40.00 NaOH 2 1

3.36

mol NaOH mol L CONaOH

g mol NaOH mol CO

L CO

2 2

2

2

1 1 22.414 20.0 g

119.00 KBr 2 1

1.88

mol KBr mol Br L BrKBr

g mol KBr mol Br

L Br

2 2 22

2 2 2

2

75.0 0.075

1 2 H 22.414 0.075

22.414 1 1

0.15

mL L

mol O mol L HL O

L O mol O mol H

L H

3 2 23

3 3 2

2 2

20.0 0.0200

1 3 O 22.414 0.0200

22.414 2 1

0.0300 30.0

mL L

mol O mol L OL O

L O mol O mol O

L O mL O

3 2 23

3 3 2

2

3 2 23

3 3 2

2

1 3 H 22.414 60.0

22.414 2 1

90.0

1 1 N 22.414 60.0

22.414 2 1

30.0

mol NH mol L HL NH

L NH mol NH mol H

L H

mol NH mol L NL NH

L NH mol NH mol N

L H

If excess ammonium sulfate reacts with 20.0 g of calcium hydroxide, how many grams of ammonia are produced?

4 2 4 2 4 3 2( ) ( ) 2 2NH SO Ca OH CaSO NH H O

3 322

2 2 3

3

2 17.04 1 ( )20.0 ( )

74.10 g ( ) 1 ( ) 1

9.20

mol NH g NHmol Ca OHg Ca OH

Ca OH mol Ca OH mol NH

g NH

If excess sulfuric acid reacts with 30.0 g of sodium chloride, how many grams of hydrogen chloride are produced?

2 4 2 42 2NaCl H SO HCl Na SO

1 2 36.45 HCl30.0 NaCl

58.44 g NaCl 2 1 HCl

18.7

mol NaCl mol HCl gg

mol NaCl mol

g HCl

How many grams of copper(II) oxide can be reduced to copper metal with 10.0 L of H2?

2 2CuO H Cu H O

22

2 2

1 1 79.55 10.0

22.414 1 1

35.5

mol H mol CuO g CuOL H

L H mol H mol CuO

g CuO

How many liters of chlorine gas are required to produce 50.0 L of hydrogen chloride gas?

2 2 2H Cl HCl

2 22

2

22

2

1 1 22.414 50.0

22.414 2 1

1 50.0

2

25.0

mol HCl mol Cl L ClL H

L HCl mol HCl mol Cl

mol ClL H

mol HCl

L Cl

How many liters of chlorine gas are required to produce 50.0 L of hydrogen chloride gas?

2 2 2H Cl HCl

2 22

2

22

2

1 1 22.414 50.0

22.414 2 1

1 50.0

2

25.0

mol HCl mol Cl L ClL H

L HCl mol HCl mol Cl

mol ClL H

mol HCl

L Cl