Mr. John Allison Mrs. Christine Bennett Mrs. Tiffany Bryant Mrs. Tracey Hudson Mrs. Rhonda Mengis Mr. Robert Rose

Lesson:

Impact of the Mosquito in Arkansas History

Objective(s):

Students will be exposed to a variety of historical facts about the state of Arkansas

Students will understand the make up and origin of the mosquito (habitat and lifestyle)

Students will learn about various problems in Arkansas history concerning mosquitoes

Lesson:

Impact of the Mosquito in Arkansas History

Objective(s):

Students will be capable of describing the mosquito and its effects on the population

Students will acquire the knowledge and skill to avoid mosquito born diseases (symptoms and treatments)

Arkansans find pride in the fact of being on the leading edge in the attempt to eradicate mosquito problems by:

Using screen windowsOiling of standing waterDraining of low lying areas

It is considered to be our victory over varied life-threatening diseases passed on by mosquitoes.

There are around 55 species of mosquitoes in Arkansas.

Most species lay their eggs into the water either one at a time, some of them sticking together in a colony fashion.

For most eggs, hatching into larva occurs within 48 hours of being in warm water. In warm temperatures these mosquitoes live as larvae for about 14 days and are known as” wigglers.” They obtain oxygen by surfacing and breathing through a special tube and find their food source by surfacing and breathing through a special tube and find their food source from the microorganisms that co-exist in their stagnant water home.

The larvae molt 4 times during this stage metamorphosing into the pupa stage on the forth molt. The pupa stage. or resting stage, lasts for about 2 days in which the mosquito is finally changed into the adult.

An adult mosquito can live as long as five months. It may take several months for a larva to develop to the adult stage in cold water.

An adult female mosquito consumes about 5-millionths of a liter in a single blood meal. Only female mosquitoes take a “blood meal.” The male visits flowers for nectar as his food source. The blood that the female takes in is used to produce her eggs.

The female hides a stylet in her proboscis (prob-oss-kis), a hollow needle-like stinger. Saliva drips into the bite area to serve as an anti-coagulant, also causing a reactions resulting in itching. The anti coagulating saliva allows for the steady stream of blood flow for the female.

Different species feast on different organisms. Some prefer birds, frogs, horses to humans.

A mosquito wing beats from 300 to 600 times per second.

Male mosquitoes find female mosquitoes by listening to the sound of their wings beating. The males actually identify the correct species by the pitch of the female’s wings.

Mosquitoes can fly about 1 – 1.5 miles per hour.

A mosquito can smell the carbon dioxide you exhale from about 60 to 75 feet away.

Some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others. It is not clear why, but probably has something to do with the 300 odd chemicals produced by the skin.

Click to link to lesson plan Click to link to teacher resources

(Photos above show resources needed to create presentation

and technological items needed to conduct lesson)

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ATI “TEAM C” Webpage

How Mosquitoes Work http://www.howstuffworks.com/mosquito.htm This site presents useful information on mosquitoes, including facts about their life cycle and breeding, mosquito bites, diseases, protection and control, and much more.

Everglades National Park http://www.nps.gov/ever/eco/skeeter.htm The Everglades National Park Web site discusses some of the beneficial aspects of mosquitoes.

Center of Disease Controlhttp://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor/arbdet.htmThis site offers comprehensive information on all aspects of arthropod-borne viruses, with an interactive map for each state.

Don't Let the Bugs Bite: Preventing Dengue and Other Diseases Spread by MosquitoesJust one of many health-related podcasts available from the CDC. Download CDC podcasts to your desktop and portable music/video player for health information at your convenience http://www2a.cdc.gov/podcasts/player.asp?f=7335

West Nile Virus: Still a Concern!West Nile virus is an arbovirus that has moved westward from 1999 to present. It is considered endemic throughout the United States which means it is here to stay. All 48 mainland states except for Maine have had human cases. http://www2a.cdc.gov/podcasts/player.asp?f=6352

Malaria MosquitoesHear how scientists are trying to kill off mosquitoes before they can transmit malaria (Scientific American podcast). The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research...http://www.worldvisionreport.org/Stories/Week-of-April-18-2009/Malaria-Mosquitoes

Project One: Research, build, and label a three dimensional model of the mosquito

(Link to Project One Rubric)

Project Two: Map a business plan of how to create a company to control the mosquito population. Present a plan, budget, and advertisement for the business (video or bulletin board)

(Link to Project Two Rubric)

Project Three: Writing Prompt - Describe function and structure of the mosquito, the effects of it on the population, How can America control the population and how would this effect the life cycle of the mosquito?

(Link to Project Three Rubric)

Test: Formal pencil and paper assessment

6th: G.1.6.2

6th: G.3.6.7

5th: C.5.5.125th: E.7.5.4

4th: G.2.4.1

4th: H.6.4.12

3rd: G.2.3.4

ElementaryAnd

Middle School

(Click on links above for full description of frameworks)

Elementaryand

Middle SchoolLevel

Grade 5th: LS.4.5.1

Grade 6th: LS.4.6.1

Grade 6th: HW.6.6.5

Grade 6th: HW.6.6.2

Grade 8th: LS.4.8.1

(Click on links above for full description of frameworks)

SCIENCE 5th: LS.4.5.1 – Distinguish among and

model organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, or biosphere

6th – LS.4.6.1 – Identify environmental conditions that can affect the survival of individual organisms and entire species

6th: HW.6.6.5 – Identify the myths associated with contracting HIV (e.g., holding hands/touching, hugging, mosquitoes, sweat and tears, donating blood)

6th: HW.6.6.2 – Identify risky behaviors that increase the possibility of developing diseases

8th: LS.4.8.1 – Analyze the effect of changes in environmental conditions on the survival of individual organisms and entire species

HISTORY 3rd: G.2.3.4 – Compare and contrast the

human characteristics of early settlements and contemporary communities in Arkansas

4th: G.2.4.1 – Research elements of culture in a community, state, or nation (e.g., food, clothing, housing, language, sports/recreation, customs, traditions, art, music, religion)

4th: H.6.4.12 – Analyze changes in Arkansas from past to present

5th: C.5.5.12 – Discuss ways citizens participate in government at the state and local level

5th: E.7.5.4 – Discuss the meaning of opportunity costs

6th: G.1.6.2 – Examine the location, place and region of Arkansas and determine the characteristics of each

6th: G.3.6.7 – Analyze the consequences of environmental modification on Arkansas and specific areas of the United States: acid rain, global warming, ozone depletion, erosion, desertification