Spielvogel Chapter 11: The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Identifications (IDs) and EssaysIdentifications (Quiz will be on Wednesday 8/25)Identify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

A Time of Troubles: Black Death and Social Crisis“little ice age” the Black Death anti-Semitismpeasant revolts

War and Political Stabilitythe Hundred Years’ War knights Joan of Arcscutage Edward III parliamentHouse of Lords House of Commons The Estates-GeneralGermany Italy

The Decline of the ChurchBoniface VIII the papacy of Avignon the Great Schismconciliarism Council of Constance mysticismThomas Aquinas vs. Occam

The Cultural World of the Fourteenth CenturyDante Petrarch BoccaccioChaucer de Pizan GiottoDeath fascination Clock EyeglassesGunpowder

Society in an Age of AnxietyProstitution sex roles schools

Essays: Write paragraph responses to each of the following questions. Answer the questions completely, using specific examples to support your claims. (For typed responses please use 12 pt font and double spacing). 1) What impact did the Black Death have on the society and economy of Europe?2) What major problems did European states face in the fourteenth century?3) How and why did the authority and prestige of the papacy decline in the fourteenth century?4) How did the adversities of the fourteenth century affect urban life and medical practices at the time?

Chapter 12: Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the Renaissance

Identifications (IDs) and Essays

Identifications Identify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Meaning and Characteristics of the Italian RenaissanceRenaissance Leon Battista Alberti

The Making of Renaissance SocietyHouse of Medicithree estates—details of each Castiglione’s Book of the Courtier

The Italian States in the Renaissancecondottiere Cosimo d’Medici The 5 Italian StatesFederigo of Urbino Isabella d’Este (identify similarities to de Pizan)Peace of Lodi 1527 French-Spanish wars Sack of RomeRole ofambassadors Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince Cesare BorgiaErasmus Education of a Christian Prince Girolama Savonarola (not in Spielvogel for some reason, but he’s pretty big!)

The Intellectual Renaissance in ItalyHumanism Francesco Petrarch civic humanismLorenzo Valla Leonardo Bruni and Cicero Neoplatonism Pico de Mirandola Francesco Guicciardini Johannes Gutenberg Printing Press Humanist educationVittorini da Feltre + “Liberal Studies”

The Artistic RenaissanceMasaccio Sandro Bottecelli Donato DonatelloFilippo Brunelleschi the High Renaissance Leonardo Da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo the Northern RenaissanceJan van Eyck Albrecht Durer Guillaume DufayDavid Primavera Major art works we study

The European State in the Renaissance“new monarchies” taille King Louis XIthe War of the Roses Henry VII Isabella and Ferdinandthe Inquisition the Habsburgs Ottoman TurksConstantinople—1453

The Church in the RenaissanceJohn Wyclif John Hus Pope Pius II The Renaissance Papacy

You will write an in class essay on one of the following prompts (prepare for all 4):Be prepared to write a Long Essay for each of the following questions (I'll choose which one for each of my classes). Answer the question completely, using specific examples/evidence and analyis to support your claims.

1) Explain the ways in which Italian Renaissance humanism transformed ideas about two of the following: philosophy, education and politics. (Focus on the role of education (liberal arts), civic humanism and the dignity of the individual--think Pico della Mirandola. Also, consider Castiglione). (Target Historical Thinking Skill--Significance)

2) In what ways can the Renaissance be considered a turning point in European history. (Target Historical Thinking Skill--Periodization)

3) Compare the secular political ideas and practices of the Italian Renaissance with the political ideas and practices of the Middle Ages. (Target Historical Thinking Skill--Compare and Contrast)

4). What roles did women play during the Renaissance? How was were their roles similar and different from the Middle Ages? (Target Historical Thinking Skill: Continuity and Change over Time)

Chapter 13: The Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century

IdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Prelude to Reformation Christian (northern) Humanists Desiderius Erasmus The Praise of Folly Thomas More Utopia Pluralism

Martin Luther and the Reformation in GermanyMartin Luther Confession JustificationIndulgences the 95 Theses the Edict of Wormsthe Peasant War/Revolt the Peace of Augsburg Charles VTransubstantiation Consubstantiation

The Spread of the Protestant ReformationUlrich Zwingli the Lord’s Supper MunsterAnabaptists King Henry VIII Act of SupremacyQueen Mary John Calvin/Calvinism predestination

The Social Impact of the Protestant ReformationFor this section, briefly outline the roles of: women, marriage, education and popular culture during the Reformation period.

The Catholic ReformationJesuits St. Ignatius the Council of Trent

Politics and the Wars of Religion in the Sixteenth CenturyHuguenots ultra-Catholics French Wars of ReligionEdict of Nantes Philip II Union of UtrechtQueen Elizabeth Puritans the Spanish Armada

Essays: Choose one of the following questions to write a formal essay outline including: a thesis statement, topic sentences, supporting evidence, and concluding statement.

1) Compare the Lutheran Reformation and the Catholic (counter) Reformation of the 16th century regarding reform of religious doctrine and practices.

2) Compare and contrast the ideas of Lutheranism and Calvinism and explain why Calvinism became the major international form of Protestantism.

3) What were the contributions of the papacy, Council of Trent, and the Jesuits to the revival of Catholicism?

4) What role did politics, economic and social conditions, and religion play in the European wars of the sixteenth century?

Chapter 14: Europe and the World: New Encounters (1500-1800)

Identifications (IDs) and EssaysHonors World History—Jackson Spielvogel text

IdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

On the Brink of a New WorldHernan Cortes* “God, glory, and gold”Portolani Ptolemy Lateen sails

New Horizons: The Portuguese and Spanish EmpiresPrince Henry the Navigator* Bartholomeu Diaz Vasco da GamaAlfonso de Albuquerque Reasons for Potuguese success Christopher ColumbusPedro Cabral Amerigo Vespucci Vasco de BalboaFerdinand Magellan conquistadors the Mayathe Aztec Tenochtitlan Moctezumathe Inca Francisco Pizzaro encomiendaviceroy

New Rivals on the World StageThe Dutch East India Company the slave trade triangular tradethe Middle Passage the Mughal Empire British East India CompanyMing and Qing Dynasties Tokugawas British North AmericaWest Indies French North America

The Impact of European ExpansionLatin America mestizo/mulatto missionariesColumbian Exchange Gerardus Mercator

Toward a World Economyprice revolution joint-stock company mercantilism

Essays: Write paragraph/outline responses to three of following questions. Lucky you!1) What factors contributed to the successes of the West in the age of discovery and encounter?2) What were the political, social, and economic reasons for European expansion. Which motive was the strongest?3) Describe the impact of European expansion on two of the colonized/conquered regions.4) Evaluate the winners and losers of the Columbian Exchange. 5) Explain which factors led to the growth of commercial capitalism.

Chapter 15: State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Key TermsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words,describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Social Crisis, War, and RebellionWitchcraft Trials The Thirty Years War the Peace of WestphaliaStanding armies Gustavus Adolphus

Absolutism in Central, Eastern, and Northern EuropeFrederick William the Great Elector the Hohenzollerns Treaty of Karlwitz the Romanovs Russian SerfdomOrthodox Church Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Great Northern War Vienna and the Ottoman EmpireSejm House of Orange Amsterdam

Limited Monarchy and Republicsthe Stuarts James I Puritans English Civil WarCharles I Oliver Cromwell LevellersRestoration Test Act James II the Glorious Revolution Thomas HobbesJohn Locke the Bill of Rights

The Practice of Absolutism: Western EuropeBishop Jacques Bossuet Absolutism Divine right monarchyCardinal Richelieu Cardinal Mazarin King Louis XIVVersailles Intendants Fronde Louis XIV’s wars Edict of Fontainebleau Colbert Peace of Utrecht

The Flourishing European CultureMannerism El Greco Baroque Bernini French Classicism Dutch RealismRembrandt Van RijnLeysterMoliere

Essays:Again, you will write an in-class essay response to one of the following prompts. You don't know which one, so be sure to master them all

1) Analyze various ways in which the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) represented a turning point in European history. (Periodization)

2) What were the main issues in the struggle between the king and Parliament in seventeenth-century England, and how were they resolved (the resolution has to include a discussion of the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights)? (Causation)

3) Compare the ideas of John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. Which one had a better grasp of human nature and the idea of government. (This is very fun and opinionated. You can cite evidence from history, as well as the present. However, make sure to address terms from this unit) (Comparison) (Continuity and Change over Time)4) To what degree were the monarchies of Europe “absolute?”

Chapter 16: Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: The Scientific Revolution and the

Emergence of Modern Science

IdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Background to the Scientific RevolutionBriefly explain the views on and accomplishments in math and science in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.

Toward a New Heaven: A Revolution in AstronomyPtolemaic universe (geometric conception) Copernicus (heliocentric conception)Brahe Kepler Galileothe Roman Inquisition NewtonKnow the books of each figure

Advances in Medicine and ChemistryGalen Paracelsus VesaliusWilliam Harvey Chemistry

Women in the Origins of Modern ScienceMargaret Cavendish Maria Merian Maria Winkelmanquerelles des femmes

Toward a New Earth: Descartes, Rationalism, and a New View of HumankindDescartes (continued in next section) Cartesian dualismrationalism

The Scientific Method and the Spread of Scientific KnowledgeThe scientific method Francis BaconSpinoza Pascal

Essays: Be prepared to write a one-page response in class on the day of the quiz to each of the following questions (I’ll choose which one):

1) What impact did the Scientific Revolution have on society and religion? (Significance)

2) Did scientific advances help or hurt women’s rights? (Comparison)3) Assess the impact of the Scientific Revolution on religion and philosophy in the

period 1550 to 1750. (Continuity and Change Over time)

Chapter 17: The Eighteenth Century: An Age of Enlightenment

Identifications (IDs) and EssaysIndentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

The EnlightenmentReason, natural law, hope, progress Fontenelle The Plurality of WorldsSkepticism Peter BayleThe Historical and Critical DictionaryJames Cooks’ Travels “noble savage” John Locke (again, because he’s that important) Legacy of Locke and NewtonPhilsophesMontesquieu Voltaire deism Diderot Physiocrats Francois Quesnaylaissez-faire Adam Smith RousseauGeneral Will Rousseau’s idea of the social contractMary Astell Mary Wollstonecraftsalons Geoffrin

Culture and Society in the EnlightenmentRococo Antonie Watteau Balthasar NeumannNeoclassicism Jacques-Louis DavidJohann Sebastian BachGeorge Frederick Handel Franz Joseph Haydn Wolfgang Amadeus MozartHistory in the Enlightenment Edward Gibbonhigh culture popular culture Cesare Beccariacarnival taverns

Religion and the ChurchesJoseph II’s Toleration Patent Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jewspogroms John Wesley/Methodism

Essays: Prepare an outline for each of the following questions. You will have an in class essay on one of them.

1) What new ideas did the philosophes contribute in the areas of: politics, economics, education, religion, and economics (choose three of these topics to discuss in your essay)

2) What role did women play in the development of the Enlightenment? 3) What is popular culture and how was it expressed during the eighteenth century?4) Compare and contrast the ideas of Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Diderot with those

of Hobbes and Machiavelli.

Chapter 18: The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change

Key Terms and EssaysWestern Civilization—Jackson Spielvogel text

Key TermsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

The European StatesEnlightened absolutism Louis XV natural rightsBritish Parliament Frederick William I Prussian militarismFrederick II the Great Maria Theresa Joseph IICatherine the Great

Wars and DiplomacyBalance of Power reason of state the War of Austrian SuccessionThe Seven Years’ War the French and Indian WarStanding army

Economic Expansion and Social Changefoundling homes nuclear family Jethro Tullenclosure acts the Bank of England (credit) textiles cottage industry water framemercantilist theory global economy

The Social Order of the Eighteenth Centurypeasants serfs tithesnobility the Georgian country house“the grand tour” poverty

Essays: Write a paragraph response to two of the following questions. Post your responses on turnitin.com before turning them in to me.

1) To what degree did eighteenth-century Prussia, Austria, and Russia exhibit the characteristics of enlightened absolutism?

2) Examine the causes of the economic expansion in the 18th century.3) Given the numerous social and economic changes of the eighteenth century, those

at the bottom of society often found themselves worse off than in earlier centuries. Explain why this is true.

4) How did the concepts of “balance of power” and “reason of state” influence international relations in the eighteenth century?

Chapter 19: A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

Key Terms and EssaysWestern Civilization—Jackson Spielvogel text

Key YermsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

The Beginnings of the Revolutionary Era: The American RevolutionThe Treaty of Paris (1783) The United States Constitution The Bill of Rights George Washington marquis de Lafayette

Background to the French Revolutionthe First Estate the Second Estate the Third Estatebourgeoisie (outline the causes of the French Revolution)

The French Revolutionthe Estates-General the National Assembly cahiers de doleancesthe Tennis Court Oath Louis XVI the Bastilleagrarian revolts the Great FearDeclaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen the March on Versaillesthe Civil Constitution of the Clergy the Constitution of 1791Jacobins sans-culottes the National ConventionThe Girondins the MountainCommittee of Public Safety Maximilien Robespierre the Reign of Terrorde-Christianization Toussaint L’Ouverture the Directory

The Age of NapoleonNapoleon Bonaparte the Concordat (1801)the Code Napoleon (Civil Code) prefects the Third Coalitionthe Continental System nationalism the Great RetreatWaterloo

Essays: (Potential topics)1) Identify the major social groups in France on the eve of the 1789 Revolution. Assess the extent to which their aspirations were achieved in the period from the meeting of the Estates General in May of 1789 to the declaration of the republic in September of 1792.

2) In what ways did Napoleon’s policies repudiate the accomplishments of the French Revolution and it what was did they strengthen them?

Chapter 20: The Industrial Revolution and its Impact on European Society

Western Civilization—Jackson Spielvogel textIdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

The Industrial Revolution in Great Britainagricultural revolution the cotton industry the steam engine Iron industry coal railroadsStephenson’s Rocket Richard TrevithickFactory system evangelical values Great Exhibition of 1851

The Spread of Industrializationtariffs joint-stock investment banks the American system

The Social Impact of the Industrial Revolutionthe Great Famine the Poor Law Commission cholerathe industrial middle class working class child labor (+laws)Poor Laws trade unions Robert OwenLuddites Chartism Factory Acts

Essays: Answer the following questions in paragraph form.

1) What factors made Great Britain the first state to experience an industrial revolution?

2) Discuss the impact of the early Industrial Revolution upon the family, the role of women, and the lives of industrial workers.

3) How successful were the workers at ameliorating the harsh working conditions of the early Industrial Revolution?

4) Between 1815 and 1848 the condition of the laboring classes and the problem of political stability were critical issues in England. Describe and analyze the reforms that social critics and politicians of this period proposed to resolve these problems.

Resources:The “Broad Street Pump” and the combating of cholera (it’s actually really, really interesting, and done by one of the best history youtube channels)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLpzHHbFrHY

Crash Course on the Industrial Revolution:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhL5DCizj5c

Chapter 21: Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism (1815-1850)

Identifications (IDs) and EssaysWestern Civilization—Jackson Spielvogel text

IndentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

The Conservative Order (1815-1830)The Congress of Vienna Klemens von Metternichthe principle of legitimacy balance of power conservatismConcert of Europe the Quadruple Alliancethe principle of intervention Latin American revolutionsTories and Whigs Louis XVIII Ferdinand VIIthe Austrian Empire Nicholas I

The Ideologies of Changeliberalism Thomas Malthus David RicardoJohn Stuart Mill nationalism utopian socialism

Revolution and Reformthe July Revolution the Reform Act of 1832the Revolutions of 1848 France’s Second Republicthe Frankfurt Assembly Young Italy

The Emergence of an Ordered Societypolice/police systems prison reform

Culture in the Age of Reaction and Revolution: The Mood of RomanticismRomanticism Mary Shelley William WordsworthBeethoven Berlioz

Essays: We will begin a new type of essay writing this semester, in addition to the DBQ and LEQ format. This new format is known as the short essay question (SEQ). You will be writing a SEQ response for one of the following questions. We will hold seminar discussion on these questions soon!

1) What were the chief ideas associated with the ideology of conservatism and how were these put into practice from 1815-1830? Cite specific examples.2) What were causes of the 1848 Revolutions? How successful were the Revolutionaries? Cites the reasons for their success and failure.3) Compare the process of reform in England with that on the continent.

Unit 6: Nationalism, Mass Society, Anxiety, and Imperialism Chapter 22IdentificationsThe France of Napoleon IIINapoleon III Emperor Maximilian the Crimean Warthe Dardenelles Florence Nightingale

National Unification: Italy and GermanyGiuseppe Garibaldi Otto von Bismarck RealpolitikNorth German Confederation Franco-Prussian WarSecond German Empire

Nation Building and ReformAustria-Hungary Alexander II emancipation proclamation (Russian)zemstvos populism People’s Will Queen Victoria Reform Bill 1867 William GladstoneDominion of Canada

Industrialization and the Marxist ResponseThe Communist Manifesto bourgeoisie v. proletariat First International

Science and Culture in an Age of Realismmaterialism Louis Pasteur Joseph Listermedical schools Elizabeth Blackwell RealismCharles Dickens Gustave Courbet Franz LisztRichard Wagner

Essays: In SAQ Form: 1) Assess the accomplishments and failures of Louis Napoleon’s regime in terms of the impact his policies had on France. 1 pt accomplishments, 1 pt failures, 1 pt successfully analyzing impacts of those.2) What were the causes and effects of the Crimean War? Who were the winners and losers? 1 pt causes. 1 pt effects 1 pt. winners/lowers.3) What role did war and diplomacy play in the unification movement of Germany and/or Italy?Italy: Part A: leaders B. war C. diplomacyGermany Part A: leaders B. war C. diplomacy4) What efforts of reform occurred in the Austrian Empire? How effective were they?Part A: 2 examples of reform Part B: Discussion of effectiveness (1 pt)5) What efforts of reform occurred in Russia (2 pts)? How effective were they (1 pt)?6) What efforts of reform occurred in Great Britain (2 pts)? How effective were they (1 pt)?7) What were the chief ideas of Marxism (two chief ideas--2 pts)? Address to what degree did Marxism appeal to Europeans in the late 1800s (1 pt.).

Chapter 23: Mass Society in an Age of Progress (1871-1894)

Key TermsThe Growth of Industrial ProsperityThe Second Industrial Revolution steelThomas Edison and Joseph Swan Alexander Graham BellGulielmo Marconiinternal combustion engine (and all the inventions that went with it!) white collar jobs (women’s) European economic zonesthe “shrieking sisters” Social Democratic Partyrevisionist socialism (evolutionary socialism) anarchism

The Emergence of a Mass SocietyThe Public Health Act of 1875 V.A. Huber garden citiesplutocrats Boy Scoutsuniversal elementary education “yellow press”mass leisuremass tourism team sports

The National StateGladstone Reform Act Redistribution ActMass politics home rule ParnellIrish Land League the Paris Commune The French Third RepublicBismarck William II Social DemocratsAlexander III Russification

Essays: 1) Discuss the reasons for the development of socialist parties in Europe between

1871-end of the century. Address the degree to which these parties met the needs of working classes.

2) Compare the ideas of Karl Marx, Michael Bakunin and Eduard Bernstein.3) How did the roles of women change during the second half of the nineteenth

century? Evaluate the degree to which change occured.4) Compare the political reforms made Great Britain, Germany and France in the

late 19th century. Which one was the most democratic?5) Explain the reasons for and effect of public education in the age of Mass Society.

Evaluate the degree to which this public education was based on the ideals of the time period (a mix of conservatism, liberalism, etc.).

Chapter 24: An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism (1894-1914)

Identifications (IDs) and EssaysHonors World History—Jackson Spielvogel text

IdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Toward the Modern Consciousness: Intellectual and Cultural DevelopmentsMarie Curie Albert Einstein NietzscheHenri Bergson Georges Sorel Sigmund Freudsocial Darwinism “Life of Jesus” Pope Pius IXPope Leo XIII Naturalism SymbolismImpressionism Post-Impressionism Cubism abstract painting Claude Debussy

Politics: New Directions and New UncertaintiesThe Pankhursts anti-Semitism ZionismDavid Lloyd George Alfred Dreyfus Pan-German League“Bloody Sunday”

The New Imperialism“the white man’s burden: Cecil Rhodes King Leopold IIBoxer Rebellion Indian National Congress Gandhi

International Rivalry and the Coming of War (save this for the next unit, but they emerge in this chapter)The Balkans the Congress of Berlin The Triple AllianceThe Triple Entente

Essays: Answer the following questions in essay or outline form. Be sure to have a clear thesis that addresses the question. You must respond to all 3, though I’ll grade only 2 of them.

1) What developments in science, intellectual affairs, and the arts of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries “opened the way to a modern consciousness,” and how did the consciousness differ from earlier worldviews?

2) What gains did women make in their movement toward equal rights?3) What were the causes of the new imperialism that took place after 1880, and what

effects did European imperialism have on Africa and Asia?

Chapter 25: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis, War and Revolution

Identifications (IDs) and EssaysAP European History—Jackson Spielvogel text

Key TermsExplain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

First: Be sure to read the last section of the previous chapter (24) and know the ID terms.

The Road to Warmilitarism the Black Hand the “blank check”the Schlieffen Plan

The Warthe First Battle of the Marne trench warfarethe Battles of Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes Verdun and the Sommenew military technology the Central Powers the Alliesunrestricted submarine warfare total war (there are three pages on this, be thorough.)Georges Clemenceau (also in the last section “The Peace Settlement”)Defence of the Realm Act Lloyd George (also in the last section “The Peace Settlement”)

War and RevolutionTsar Nicholas II Rasputin the March Revolutionsoviets Bolsheviks MensheviksV.I. Lenin “April Theses” “Peace, land, bread”Alexander Kerensky Leon Trotsky Treaty of Brest-LitovskRussian Civil War war communism the ChekaGerman Communist Party

The Peace SettlementWilson’s “Fourteen Points” Paris Peace Conference self-determinationthe League of Nations The Treaty of Versailles war-guilt clausereparations mandates

Essays: Be prepared to write a one-page response for each of the following in class on the day of the chapter quiz:

1) Discuss the causes of World War I: What were the major long-term causes of the war? How important were the decisions made in the summer of 1914 in causing the war? (Causation)

2) Compare the effect that war had on the home front in Germany with the effect that it had on the home front in Great Britain. Explain government policies for mobilizing the war effort and maintaining public support. (comparison)

3) What caused the Russian Revolution? How did the Bolsheviks secure their power? How important was WWI to the Russian Revolution (Causation).

4) Compare the Treaty of Versailles with the Congress of Vienna. (Comparison)

Chapter 26: The Futile Search for Stability in Europe: Europe Between the Wars (1919-1939)

Key TermsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

An Uncertain Peacelost generation the Little Entente Ruhr Valleyinflation the Dawes Plan the Locarno pactthe Kellogg-Biand pact the Great Depression

The Democratic StatesJohn Maynard Keynes the Popular Front Social Democratic governments Success of Scandinavia the New Deal AtaturkGhandi

The Authoritarian and Totalitarian States (brace yourselves!!!)totalitarianism mass propaganda Benito Mussolinisquadristi (Black-Shirts) Fascists Lateran Accordsthe Weimar Republic Paul von Hindenburg Adolf HitlerMein Kampf National Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazi)the SA Beer Hall Putsch LebensraumFuhrerprinzip (the leadership principle) the Third Reichthe SS Heinrich Himmler the Hitler YouthNuremberg Laws Kristallnacht New Economic PolicyUSSR (Soviet Union) Politburo Joseph Stalinfive-year plans collectivization authoritarian stateFrancisco Franco the Spanish Civil War

The Expansion of Mass Culture and Mass Leisureradio and moviesDopolavoro (Afterwork) and Kraft durch Freude (Strength Through Joy)Triumph of the Will

Cultural and Intellectual Trends in the Interwar YearsDadaism Surrealism-Dali functionalismBauhaus Carl Jung

Essays (In class—one essay for 35 minutes) : Answer two of the following questions in essay/outline form:1) What are the characteristics of totalitarian states, and to what degree were these characteristics present in Fascist Italy, Nazi German and the Soviet Union?2)Compare the rise to power of fascism in Germany and Italy.3) Spielvogel claims that the Stalinist era inaugurated an “economic, social, and political revolution that was more sweeping in its results than the revolutions of 1917.” Explain.4). What role did mass leisure play in the totalitarian states during the interwar years?5) Was the decline of the Weimar Republic inevitable?

Chapter 27: The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II

Key Terms and EssaysAP European History—Jackson Spielvogel text

Key TermsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Prelude to WarSlavs “diplomatic revolution” (German) rearmamentappeasement Rome-Berlin Axis Anti-Comintern PactBlitzkrieg Neville Chamberlain annexation of AustriaSudetenland Munich Conference invasion of PolandManchuria Nanjing The Course of World War IIpanzer division Maginot Line LuftwaffeVichy France Winston Churchill the Battle of Britaininvasion of the Soviet Union Pearl HarborAxis powers the Allies unconditional surrenderEdwin Rommel Stalingrad Battle of MidwayNormandy Battle of KurskHiroshima and Nagasaki (continued in Home Front section)

The New Orderthe Nazi New Order Heinrich Himmler Charles DeGaulleTito Claus von Stauffenberg Madagascar Planthe Final Solution/Wannsee the Holocaust Auschwitz-Birkenauthe “other Holocaust”

The Home Front“Dig for Victory” “battle of machines” “Night Witches”the Manhattan Project the code of bushido kamikaze pilotsDresden

Aftermath of the Warthe Big Three the Tehran Conference the Yalta Conferencethe Potsdam Conference

Essays: Answer two of the following questions in essay/outline form:

1) Account for the responses of the European democracies to the military aggression by Italy and Germany in the 1930s.

2) Compare the home fronts of Great Britain, the Soviet Union, the United States and Germany. Did organization of the home front play a role in the outcome of the war? Explain.

3) How did the attempt at arriving at a peace settlement at the end of World War II lead to the beginning of the new conflict known as the Cold War?

Chapter 28: The Cold War and a New Western World (1945-1965)

IdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Development of the Cold Warthe superpowers the Truman Doctrine the Marshall Plan“containment” the Berlin blockade mutual deterrenceNATO the Warsaw Pact the Korean WarGeneva Conference (1954) massive retaliation CENTO and SEATOICBM Sputnik I Khrushschev (continues in Recovery section)the Berlin Wall the Cuban Missile CrisisKnow all the events on the Cold War time line

Europe and the World: Decolonizationthe Kenyan African National Union uhuru National Liberation FrontAfrican National Congress Palestine Nasserthe PLO the Six-Day Warthe partition of India Chiang Kai-shek Mao Zedong

Recovery and Renewal in Europe de-Stalinization Tito GomulkaNagy Christian DemocratsCharles DeGaulle Algerian Crisis French Fifth RepublicAdenauer West Germany the EECGreat Britain’s welfare state

The United States and Canada: A New Erathe Red Scare the New Deal and the Great Society

Postwar Society and Culture in the Western Worldconsumer society the welfare state art brutabstract expressionism pop art “The Theater of the Absurd”existentialism Americanization

Essays: You will write an in class essay for at least one of these, maybe more.

1) What were the causes the cold war and what were the major events in its development through 1970? (Causation)

2) What were the major political developments in the history of the Soviet Union from 1945-1970? (Periodization)

3) Discuss the major social changes affecting the status, expectations, and ambitions of women in Western society from 1945-1970. (CCoT)

4) Compare and contrast the political and economic effects of the Cold War on Western Europe with the effects on Eastern Europe from 1945 to 1961 (Compare and Contrast)

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World (1965-1985) Identifications (IDs) and Essays

Honors World History—Jackson Spielvogel textIdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

A Culture of Protestthe permissive society feminism (the women’s liberation movement)Betty Friedan—Feminine Mystique antiwar protests (know them all)

A Divided Western World Leonid Brezhnev Lech Walesa Janos Kadar“Prague Spring” Berlin Wall Willy BrandtMargaret Thatcher Francois MetterrandThe European Community (EC) –continued in chapter 30 on page 947OPEC The Reagan Revolution

The Cold War: The Move to Détente Vietcong Lyndon JohnsonThe Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution Red GuardsNixon Antiballistic Missile TreatySoviet invasion of Afghanistan the “evil empire”Strategic Defense Initiative

Society and Culture in the Western Worldcomputers Small is Beautiful Postmodernismdeconstruction punk, rap, and hip-hop mass sports

Essays: Answer the following questions in paragraph form— three are due on Friday. 1) Evaluate the causes of the youth protests in the 1960s and 70s? Did they achieve

their desired effects? 2) Compare and contrast the goals and achievements of the feminist movement in the period circa 1850–1920 with those of the feminist movement in the period 1945 to

the present. (You must review previous material for this. Think of it as a wonderful opportunity to begin reviewing for the final.) 3) What was the role of science and technology in the post-war Western world? 4) Evaluate the effectiveness of Leonid Brezhnev in maintaining the political and economic condition of the Soviet Union and its satellite states (eg, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,etc.)

Chapter 30: After the Fall: Identifications (IDs) and Essays

AP European History—Jackson Spielvogel textIdentificationsIdentify and explain the historical significance of each of the following. (In other words, describe what it is or who it is and explain why it matters.)

Toward a New Western Order (Ch 30) Mikhail Gorbachev perestroika glasnostBoris Yeltsin Vladimir Putin Chechnya problemEnd of Communism in each of the Eastern European countries (be sure to know the names of key figures and groups: e.g. Walesa and Solidarity in Poland, Vaclav Havel.Nicolae Ceausescu and more the reunification of Germany Yugoslavia’s demiseSerbian nationalism the War in BosniaThe War in Kosovo Tony Blair Jacques ChiracFrom the EC to the EU Treaty of on European Union (Maastricht Treaty)Euro Stats on Women Guest workersGrowth of Islam John Paul IISnoop Dogg (JK) Nokia

Read about globalization and such but don’t worry too much about it.

Essays: Answer each of the following:

1) What were the causes of the Soviet failures in the 1970s and 80s?2) When, how and why did the Soviet Union collapse? 3) How and why did the Cold War end?