Offering superb TX/RX perfor-mance plus e=:::rtional signalpurity, Kenw ' s TS-950SDXestablishes anew benchmarkfcHF communications. Built-inDSP (digital signal processor) Dedicated Power MOSFET final sediol User-friendly menu system Automatic ontenno tuner built-in AlP (Advanced Intercept Point) system Ultra-fint' (I HI) tuning Super stabitit, with retiabitit,ThePowerMDS HIfinol section is(onsel"/otively ratedatl50W(40Win1JI. model. Th isiJl( reIr ,rIple,...,.., SuJ:II:>I'f' XP... 20 AM/FM TranslllorLeam Ie ......, _ Poogo.." ..----_._---$129.00CAll USFORALLYOURCOMPONENTNEEOS--- _-"'" ....---_... _,...-_.... - .,----_...""TO OROER48HOUI< ElENCO&HITACHI &B+KPRODUCTS csuTOI-HREEG 18002927711SHIPPIN AT 0 I 5 C 0UNT PRIC E5 18004453201 (Can)CIRCLE 121 ON READER SERVICECARDWE WILLNOT BEUNDERSOLD C&S SALESINCOAYMONH BACkGUADANTEEuP';$1< 10",," .. .,.,.Si' I1AI ROSEWOODOHRfFElOII. 00015 suufACTORYWARRANTY "'5' I', ' u'S' ... ", ... " f U. 110i1,A' 0110 WRITEfORfREE CATAl.OGPllOIES mCl Al l SCOPES .. M!I!lI'S , . .. . ,fer PCS have t he word "wireless" in t heirnames.Noone, noteventheFCC, knowsforsure what PCS is. But amateurs will haveno troubleunderstandingt heconc eptwhen some concretemanifestation of itf inally emerges, si nce the essence of PCSis addressablecommunications. For ex-ample. at the present t ime, when I want toplaceate lephonecall toyou, I call thenumber of the telephone set that is locatedwhere I think you are. I am not really call-ing you. Rather , I amcallingyour desk.your car, or your kitc hen wall .InonePCSsc enari oyouwill haveaJanuary 1993 CO 27 Say You Saw II In COThe PCSesCan you imagine going to the expenseof devel oping a newte:::hnology, research-ingthe market , and pushing theFCC forrule c hanges, only to find out at t he end ofthe process that you were not lUCky enoughto be awarded a license to use your ownt echnology? The FCC was concerned thatthelack ofa guarantee of arewardforspectrum pioneers was discouraging inno-vators f rom even beginning such efforts.Accordingly, theFCCestablished apro-gram 10 award a "Pioneer 's Preference"-that ls. a guaranteed license-to spec-t rum innovators. The Pioneer' s Preferencesimply means t hat a true spectrum innova-tor is guaranteed to get a license if he orshe successfully persuades the FCC to al -locate spect rumand create a radio servicethat uses thenew technology.Theannouncement of thePioneer' sPreference program brought"pioneers"out of the woodwork. The FCChas been de-luged with applications for experiment al li-censes and petitions for rule making fromdozens of companies. Most of these pet i-t ions are f rom companies who hope to pro-vi de oneof theemergingnewPersonalCommunicationsServicesmentioned inourexampleabove. TheFCC, however,has been extremely sti ngy with its awardsof such preferences.Only two Pioneer's Preference awardshave been announced te cate. and the fir stone went to Volunteers in Technical Assis-tance (VITA) for their work in developingcommunications via low earth orbiti ng sat-ellites.Their pioneering work began on am-ateur radio satelli tes. (While I was chief ofthe Private Radio Bureau's Spec ial Servi c-es Divi sion, I remember getting briefingsfrom Perry Williams, the Washington AreaCoordinator for the American Radio RelayLeague, ontheprogress beingmadebyVITA. None of us coul d have known the re-ward that awaited them for their efforts.)The award of a Pioneer's Preference toVlTA is significant because it cont inues theheritage of radio amateursin advancingthe radio art. It conti nues the lineage of thepioneers at st ation 1BCG. It validates Sec-tion 97.1(b)of the rules for theAmateur Ra-dioService. lt reinforces t he Amateur Ra-dio Service as a national resource." Wireless" is a word t hat I associate wi thpioneers such as Marconi. It is a curiousword, one whic h defines acommunica-t ions technology in terms of what it is not .It is an ant ique word, really, suited for useinthe same breath with" Atwater Kent ."How odd, therefore, that this word, wh ichcould encompass drums and semaphores,now connotesthemost modern ofcom-munications technologies, the emergingPersonal Communications Services(PCSes). A growing number of pioneeringcompanies that clai mto be preparing to of-recent ly successfully completed a t rans-Atlantic telephone call over cable TV lineswithout using tradilionaltelephone switch-ing. This paved the way for the cableTVindustrytocompetewiththetelephoneindustryfor local -exchangetelephoneservice.So the question is, should the telephoneindustry be regulated with cable televisionregulations?Or should the cable televisionindus! ry be regulated with telephone irous-tryregulat ions? Theanswer isprobablyneither .Changes Are ComingThe FCCwas created by the Communica-tionsAct of 1934. TheActhasbeenamend-ed over the years to keep pace with devel-opments, but nowt he Actissta rting toshow it s age. as the accelerat ing pace ofdevelopments has outstripped Congress'sability to keep the Act current. The broadconcepts found in the Act-broadcasling,commoncarriage, and private systems-are losing their meaning in the face of hy-brid communicat ions systems and serviceproviders. Increasingly, there is a bad litbetween the telecommunicat ions indust ryandtelecommunicat ionsregulation. Acomplete re-write of the Communicat ionsAct isinevit able.In Ihe meantime, the FCC will cope asbest it can.In a major address given inSep-tember 1992 to the Federal Communica-tionsBar Association, Commissioner Er-vin S. Duggan suggested that one way tocope with the newrealit ies of the telecom-munications industry would be to reorgan-ize theFCC. Theplanhe outlined wouldabolish t he Privat e Radio Bureau, the Bu-reau that regulates the amateur Radio Ser-vice, and replace it with a " Mobile ServicesBureau. "Inanyreorgani zationoftheFederalCommunicationsCommission or inany re-write of the Communications Act , the Ama-teur Radio Service will be affected. Nevermindt hat theAmateur RadioServiceisquitecomfortablewiththeregulat oryst ructure that it has known for years. Nevermind that it is other radio servi ces, emerg-ing wireless services, and hybrid comrner-eta! service providers that are necessitat-ing the changes. Change is coming, andamateur radio is going to be swept along.I do not think that this is cause for alarm.I do not think that there is any immediatethreat to amateur spectrum or operat ingparameters. But I dothink that the Amateurservice is in danger of being plucked fromapart of thebureaucracy whereit hasdeep roots and t ransplanted to a part of thebureaucracy where us root s must bere-established. Whenthat happens, amateurradio's illust rious past, built on the exploitsof the early wireless pioneers, will be of lit-t le consequence. But its spectacular pres-eot . riding the success of people li ke thepioneers at VITA,wi ll serve it in good stead.5 .__.W-'O'.S_IIII cl>eck e, ..e...., "M,111: 31111 Alii VIS" Ave_S...,. Ro... CA 9!I4llf USA CHARGEORllERS OIiL' Pl EASEc.o.u-,..- TOLL- FREE 1-800-8821388 c:Eor fAX ""'" to1101I lIl1412 Cool"",,,, s. "",o I Q,O'lIO" I1011111kI01mercial systems t hat we see in use todayare radio, television, telephone, comput-ers, pagers. and satelli tes.However . tne next phase in Ihe cycle isnot t he death of the technology and its re-placement withsomethingelse. Rather ,like the plot in some science f ict ion movie,these creatures of technology have start-ed to combi ne with each other to producemature hybrids that goon living.These hy-brids have remarkable capabilit ies, suchascellulartelephones, mobile datasys-tems, satell ite messaging, and interactivevi deo.The hybrid technologi es are starti ng toc reatehybri dservi ceproviders. Forex-ample, in July 1992 the FCC allowed localtel ephone companies to otter " video dial-tone" services. You may soon be able toreceive vi deo programming over t he tele-phone li nes that come into your home. Insnort .the telephone indust ry is about to gointo competi tion with the cableTVindust ryfor video programming service.Conversely, a large cable TVcompanyARE-20DigiTalker- Talking Frequency Count er- workswi th any VHFfUHF handheldAnnounc esthe t ransmit frequencyin voice- s ee: 5-1/4'W x 4"D x1-1 f 2"H- actterv Operated- No connection to the radiorequired llO'lRll.\lHUMIDITT /Tt:M"ERlTURESENSDRCIRCLE 52 ON READER SERVICE CARO_.....TAoLink II =-__""",IIioJoIeJ I __StoIi.. _o.u. .. ' _ IBMPCwilloW-.sT1ll ........liIlk n__Wiz..... """' _ _ , SE "'Ig.nc.e.o.e169

(20(1)882-2837 AIlE products have a one vear _edW'(ITanlyARE-IOThe Silencer_Eliminatesthe conversation youdon't want to hear- Ed emal Speaker- seiecnve Call- 2-, 3- and A-dlgit DTMF Decoder-Con Indicator- Works with any FM radio- Small size: 3"W K 4-1fA"Dx 4-3f8"HE....-__, oM .Hf._ S-OillotT_....... 6tconcept , but that word just does not havethe same informational content as "wire-less." When we hear te rms like "wirelessmodems, " " wirelessLANs," and" wire-less PBXs," we have an instant perceptionf irst that thetechnology being discussedis a communications technology, and sec-ondthat t hetechnologyempl oysradiorat her t han wi res.These terms contain within them a clueto the phenomenon that is driving the de-velopment of the emerging technologi es- namely, t he combinat ion of previouslydist inct technologies to create entirely newtechnologies. A wireless LAN (local areanetwork) represents a combinat ionof radioand computer technology. A wireless PBX(privat ebranchexchange) repr esentsacombinat ion of radio and telephone tech-nology.Unt ilrecently, t he li fecycle of a giventechnology has been birt h as a t heoreticalconcept, adol escence as an experimentalapplication, and maturity as a commercialsystem. Some examples of matur e, com-28 CIRCLE9t ON READER SERVICE CARDFT530CODFT23RShowroom Open Tues. thru Sat.Hours MF 10.6 Sat 102FT1000 0enterFT-890.-...-t '.( ,,'-,omm-...-c (.. ( c ("( ,. .... -/(Iahoma3900 S. Broadway, Suite 6Edmond, Oklahoma 73013FAX (405) 3599556 Oklahoml owned 'lid opwatltd. Nol .IImated wlth any othel' store.FAEESHIPPINGUPSSURFACE On Purchasesof$50or More(except Power Suppl ies ancl Antennas)YAESUFT747FT5200FT2400kltJ!JomaCommCenterFRG8800 ReceiverFT-415(jIflJFI1;.EID rfconcepts PC Electronics STARTEKo ICOM Ramsey Kits AUNCO AmecoOutbacker Antennascii " "0""0' W5YI MFJ Nye.Ylklng Kantronics M2 ENTERPRI SES ARRLTEL"1!!X. flJJI1tillif, Bug Catcher COMET 'DELtA.This month W2FMI picks up his discussion ofununs with a description of the 4:1 unun and anoverview of the work done by Guanella and Ruthroff.The 4:1UnunBY JERRY SEVICK". W2FMIFig. 1-Ruthroff 4: 1 unun (RL= 4Rc): (A) coiled bifilar winding. (B) coiled coaxial cable.,(Blline is a half-wave, the output is zero. Ruth-rott also found t hat the optimum value ofthe characteristic impedance of the trans-mission line (for maximum high-frequencyresponse) isRd2.Therefore, theelectrical lengthandcharacteristic impedance of the transmis-sion line play major roles in Authroff's de-sign. Since his work was mainly concernedwith small-signal applications, he was ableto obtain broad bands of a few tens of kilo-Hertz to over a thousand megaHertz. Thiswas possible since he used a few turns (5to10) of fine wire (No. 37 and 38) on high-permeability toroidsassmall as0.08inches in 00. Thus, thephase-delay withthesevery short transmissionlines wasvery small. However, in large-signal (pow-er) applications, it is a different matter. ForoperationintheHFband(including160meters), transmission lines vary betweenone to threefeet in length (depending uponimpedancelevel).Consequently, phase-delay can playa major role, aswill be seenin the followingexamples.50:12.5 ohm ununs. PhotoA shows twoexamples of efficient and broadband 4: 1ununsmatching50 ohms to12.5 ohms.Therod version (on the left) has 14 bifilarturns of No. 14 HThermaleze wire on a low-permeabi lity (125) ferrite rod 0.375 inchesin diameter and 3.5 inches long. The con-nections are shown in fig . 1(A). The cableconnector is on the low-impedance side .v,L ,,v,(Al ,Fig.1shows two versions of Authroff's ap-proachs in obtaining a 4:1unbalanced-to-unbalanced transformer (unun). As can beseen, one uses a coiled wire t ransmissionline while the other uses a coiled coaxialcable . Dependinguponthefrequency,beadedtransmissionlinescanalsobeused.Ruthroff'sdesignusesa singletrans-mission connected in what I call the "boot-strap" configuration. That is, terminal 2 isconnected to terminal 3, lifting the trans-mission line (at the high-impedance side)by the voltage V, . If thereactance of thecolledwindingorbeadedfineismuchgreater than RG, then only flux-eancellingtransmission line currents are allowed toflow. Jt canalso be seen that the outputvoltage is the sum of a direct voltage VI anda delayed voltage V2which t raversed a sin-gle t ransmission line. This delay in V2 even-tually limits the hi gh-frequency response.Forexample, if the electrical length of theThe Ruthroll 4:1UnunThe 4:1unun, whichfirst appearedinPuthrotrs classic 1959paper," exemplifies(morethananyother transformer)themany choices t hat can be made in its de-sign. lt is also the most prevalent of all theununs. Thisarticle attempts toshow thereadermany of them. tAcareful study of the transmission linetransformer reveals that the works of twomen continue to dominate the field. Theyare Goanelta'and Rulhroff.Z Interestinglyenough.theyusedtwodifferent ap-proachesindesigningtheir 1:1and4:1batuns. Although the record doesn't showthatGuanellaconsidered anapplicationfortheunun (unbalanced-to-unbalancedtransformer). his technique of connectingtransmissionlines in a parallel-series ar-rangement hasextended thehigh-frequen-cy capability of these devices.'Onemightarguethat recent amateurpubtlcations-" oncurrent , choke , andvoltage bafuns have added significant in-formationtothefield. Buttheliteraturesnows' " that the current or choke balunsare reatly euanena's designs and the volt-agebaluns. Buthrott's. Tomakeit moreconfusing, someone (probably a radio am-ateur) took Puthrott's three-conductor 1:1balun design and put the third wire in par-allel with the other two (trifilar) , res ultingin an inferior (so-called) voltage balun. Thisis the design that mainly has been used forthe comparisons with the "new" coaxialcable1:1batuns.""Authrofforiginallyproposed that the thirdwi re(which extendsthe low-frequency response over the two-conductor Guanella1:1balun) be woundon a separatepart of t he toroid.In looking further into the field, one findsthat there are a lot of choices to make re-gardingthedesignof theseverybroad-band and efficient transmission line t rans-formers. Theyinclude: (1)Authroff's orGuane!la' s designs; (2) wire or coaxial ca-ble transmission lines; (3) coiled or bead-ed lines; (4) rods or torolds: (5) low-poweror high-powerdesigns:(6) HF. VHF, orUHFdesigns; and (7) the trade-otts in effi-ciency for low-frequency response or forhigh VSWR.~ 3 2 GranvilleWay, Basking Ridge, NJ07920t Kitsand finished unitsareavailablefromAmidonAssociates, Inc., 2216asl Glad-wick St., Dominguez Hills, CA 90220.30 CO January 1993Say You Saw It In COPhoto A- Two versions of the Ruthroff 4:1 (50: 12.5 ohm) unun: coiled wire rod (on theleft); coiled coaxial cable toroid (on the right).January 1993 CO 31"equal-delay network. "s The major differ-ence in Guanella's approach (from Ruth-rot t's) is that by summi ng the equal -delayvoltages of coiled(or beaded) transmissionlines. heminimizes the dependence of thehigh-frequency responseonthe lengthsofthe transmission lines. As was mentionedbefore, Ruthroff's method of summingadi-rect voltage with a delayed voltage whicht raversed a single transmission line has alimited application. especiallywith high-power . high-impedance ununs(like200:50and 300:75 ohms).Furthermore, Guanell a's approach isalso important indesigning high- and low-impedance baluns and ununs wi th impe-dancetransformationratiosother than4:1.Connectingthreetransmissi onlinesinparallel-series results ina9:1ratio, four ina 16:1 . Alsoby connectingat ractional-ra-ttounun inseries with his banm s. or by us-ingvariouscombinations of parallel-seriestransmission li neS,'loununs and balunsThe Guanella 4:1UnunPhoto B- Two higher impedance Ruthroff 4:1 ununs: 100:25 ohm (on the left); 200:50ohm (on the right).conti nuous power and 4 KWof peak pow-er. Since this higher impedance unun hasa larger voltage drop along the length ofits windings, its loss (a dielectric-type') isa little greater than the lower impedanceununsdescribedbefore. Inamatched con-dition. it is about 97percent, while the oth-ers are 98 to 99 percent.Even though e uaneua' s investqancn' wasdi rected toward developing a broadbandbalun to match the balanced output of a100 wall push-pun. vacuum-tube amplifierto the unbalanced load of a coaxial cable,his technique of connecting transmissionlines in a parall el-series ar rangement hasonly recently been recognized as the de-sign for the widest possible bandwidth inanunbal anced-to-unbalanced appli ca-tion.' Some have labelledhis approach theSay You Saw It In COThe responseis flat from1.5 MHz to 30MHz. Inamatched condition, it can easilyhandle the full legal limit of amateur radiopower . Since a tightly woundrod ununyieldsa characteristicimpedance veryclose to 25ohms (theoplimumvalue). thisis quite likely the easiest one to constructthat covers the above bandwidth.The toroidal version(onthe right inphotoA) has 6 turnsof homemade, low-impe-dance coaxial cable on a 1.5 inch 00 fer-rite toroid with a permeability of 250. Theconnections are shown in fig. 1(8). Theca-bleconnectorison thelow-impedanceside. Theinner conductor is No. 14 HTner-maleze wtre and is covered with TetlcnetUbing. Theouter braid is from a small co-axial cable (or fromYa inch tubular brai d).It is also tightly wr apped with Scotch No.92tape inorder toobtain thedesiredchar-acteristicimpedance. I n matching50ohmsto12.5 ohms. theresponseis flatfrom1.5MHz to 50MHz. Since the currentis evenly distributed on the inner conduc-tor. this small unun has an exceptionallyhigh power capability-at least 5 KW ofcontinuous power and 10KVI/ of peak pow-er (in a matched condition).100:25 ohm unun. In some combinerapplications, anunun matching 100 ohmsto 25ohmsis required. The smaller toroidalversion onthe left inphoto 8 shows a Ruth-rott design that can satisfy many of theserequirements. It has Bbitilar turns of No.14HFhermaleze wire ona 1.5inch 00 fer-rite toroid with a permeability of 250. Onewireisalso covered wi thonelayerofScotch No. 92tape. giving acharacteristicimpedance close to the desired valueof 50ohms. Inmatching 100 0hms to 25 ohms,theresponseis essentiall y flat from1.5MHzto 30 MHz. This unun can easily han-dlethe full legal limit of amateur radi opower.200:50 ohmunun. Thisistheareawhere the Ruthrolf approachcannot yieldthe broadband response of t he lower im-pedancedesi gns shown above. Sincemore turns are required inorder to obtai nthe necessary choking reactance. and a100ohmcharacteristic impedance whichrequires more spacing between the wiresis used, the cores haveto be considerablylarger . This results in longertransmissionlines. Thus, the high-frequency responseis nowlimited by the greater phase-delayof this high-impedance unun.The larger transformeron the rightinphoto 8 is my optimized version of a Ruth-roff2OO:50ohmunun.lthas 16bifilar turnsof No. 14HThermaleze wi re ona low-per-meabitity (250) 2.4 inch 00 ferri te toroid.Each wire is covered with Teflon tUbing,resulting ina characteristic impedance of97ohms. Becauseof the longtransmissionline (36 inches), the impedance transfor-mation ratio (in matching 200 ohms to 50obmst varfes from 4to 4.44 from 1.5 MHzto 30 MHz. A conservative power rating(under a matched condi tion) is 2 Kw otFig. 2- The Guanella 4: 1unun (RL=4RcJ: (A) coiledbifilar windings; (8) coiledor bead-ed coaxial cables.are now available with a continuum of ra-tios from 1.36: 1 to16:1. Moreover, theseratiosnow make it possible to match 50ohm cable to impedances as lowas 3.125ohms and ashighas 800 ohms. A majorfactor in thesuccess of thesedesignsrests in the understanding of the low-fre-quency modelsof thesevarioustransform-ers.s This section treats the4:1ununus-ingGuanelta'sapproach. As inthe Ruthroffcase, the optimumvalue of the character-istic impedances of the transmission linesfor a Guanella 4:1transformer is also RLf2.50:12.5 ohmunun. Fig. 2 shows theschematic diagrams of the coiled-wire andcoaxial cable (coiled or beaded) versionsof 4:1ununs using Guanetla's techniqueof connecting transmission lines in paral-lel-series arrangements. As can be seenin fig. 2, the lower transmission lines aregrounded at both ends andtherefore havenopotential dropalongtheir lengths. Thus,the coiling or beading has no effect. Thecoreonlyactsas a mechanicalsupportandthebeadscan beremoved. In es-sence, the bottom transmission plays theimportant role of adelay line. Also, the low-frequency response of this formof anununis solely determined by the reactance ofthetop coiledor beaded transmission line."(two 0.5 inch tapes wound edge-wise likea window shade), giving a characteristicimpedance closetotheoptimumvalue.Theouter braid is from asmall coaxial ca-ble(orfrom%inchtubularbraid). Thishomemade coax is further wrapped tight-ly with Scotch No. 92 tape in order to pre-serveitslowcharacteristicimpedance.The cable connector is on the low-impe-dance side. The response of this unun isessentially flat from10 MHz to100 MHz(the limit of my bridge). It can also (easily)handle the full legal limit of amateur radiopower.100:25ohm unun. Theunun on the leftin photo 0 is aGuanella version matching100 ohms to 25 ohms. There are 8 bifilarturns of No. 14 HTherrnaleze wire oneach1.5inch 00 low-permeabtlttv (250) toroid.One toroid iswoundclockwise and theoth-er counter-elockwise. Oneof the wires (oneachtoroid) is covered with one layer ofScotch No. 92 tape. The cable connectorisonthelow-impedanceside. There-sponse is flat from 1.5MHz to well over 30MHz. This unun can also handle the fulllegal limit of amateur radio power.It might be interesting to point out thatas a balun (the ground removed from ter-minal 2), and with a 1.78: 1unun" inseries(onthe left side)with it, this compound ar-rangement makes an excellent balun formatching 500hm coaxial cable directly toquad antennasof 100 to110 ohmimpe-dances.200:50 ohm unun. The transformer onthe right inphoto Bis anexcellent unun(orbalunwithterminal 2removedfromground) inmatching 50ohms to 200ohms.It has 14bifilar turns of No. 14 HThermal-eze wireon eachlow-permeability (250)toroidwitha 2.4 inch00. Each wireiscovered with Teflon tubing, giving a char-acteristic impedance of 98ohms(which isquite good, sincethe optimumvalueis100). Again, forease of connection, onewinding is clockwise and the other coun-ter-elockwise. When operating as anununor abalun, when matching 50ohms to 200ohms, the response is essentially flat from1.5MHz to 30 MHz. Aconservative powerrating (in a matched condition) is 5 KWofcontinuous power and 10KWof peakpow-er. This transformer has been reported tohandle peak pulses of 10,000 volts!(B)Thetop unun inphotoGshowsa rod ver-sionof Guanella's4:1 unun. Thereare 13.5bifilar turns of No. 14 H Thermaleze wireon low-permeabilty(125)ferrite rods0.375inches indiameter and 3.5inches long. Forease of connection, one winding is clock-wise and the otheris counter-clockwise.The cable connector is on the high-impe-dance side. In matching 50 ohms to 12.5ohms, the response is flat from 1.5MHztoover50 MHz! This unun is capable, in amatched condition, of handling the full le-gal limit of amateur radio power. Further-more, withthe50 ohm generator on theright, in fig. 2(A), and a 12.5 ohm floatingloadon the left {perhapsa Vagi beam), thistransformer makesanexcellent step-downbalun.The bottomtransformeri n photo Gshows a beaded-coax version of a 50:12.5ohmstep-downunun designed for 2meteroperation. It has3.5inches of beadedcoaxon the top transmission line (fig. 2(B)andnobeads on the bottom transmission line(actually, the bottomrod in fig.2(A) canalso be removedwith no change inperfor-mance). The beadsarelow-pertneabltty(125) ferrite. The innerconductorof thecoaxial cable is No. 12HThermaleze wtrewith about 3.5layersof Scotch No. 92tapeR,/r..J..X,(--,a...,., ,(A)Photo C- Two Guanella 4:1(50:12.5 ohm) ununs: rod version (onthe top), 1.5 MHz to50 MHz; beaded version (onthe bottom), 10 MHz to over 100 MHz.Summary Forununswithimpedancelevelsof100:25 ohms and lower, the Ruthroff ap-proachis recommendedbecause of itssimplicity. For high-impedancelevels (such as200:50and 300:75 ohms), theGuanella ap-proach is recommended. For low-impedance operation in theVHFband, the beaded-coax Guanella ap-proach is recommended.32 CO January 1993Say You Saw It In COCIRCLE 174 ON READER SERVICE CARDFJHFIVHF SWR Analyzer>..covers 1.8-170 MHzcontinously ...built-in10 digit LCD frequencycounter. . smoothvernier tuning. . . . . .MFF'49 .\lfJ S newest, rnno;( Here s"hat )00cando ...$19'99 5versatileSWR AnaIJV:;r''' Youcaninstantlyfind yourantenna'sCOWI"S more frequencies true resonant frequency right at yourthanan)".\IFJSWR feedline--mal'ssorrebnnganoisebridgeAnatyzerr'' - 1.8-170MHzcontinuously. j ust can' t do.Itbas smooth verniertuninganda Youcansh ortenor lengthenyourdipolebuilt-in10 digit. highaccuracy, hiJ.,th or mobile whipandsectheeffectcontra... 1 LCD frequencycounter that immediatel y.makesreading SWRin the sun easy. Voucanmonitorhow SWR changesasThis wide rangeMFJ-249coversall youadjust your beamor vertical --you' llfrequenciesbetween 1. 8-170MHz knowright awayif youshould lengthenorincludingall hambands from160Meters shortenit.to2Meters. commercial 2-way radio. Youcan !'iCChowSWRvariesover anpolice. fire. FMbroadcast. military. entire band .. . find2:1SWRbandwidthsmarineand shortwave. . ..adjllst mobileantennas in seconds ...Avelvet smoothvernier reductiondrive fmdall resonant frequenciesofmultibandmakes it easyto set frequency precisely. verticals. d ipolesandbeams . . . tune upIt ' sbatterypoweredandhandheld size. yoor antennatuncr without transmining.Y00 can i.t to yoor antennaand . Youthree instrumentsinonewo rkonIt until It s j ustthewayyouwant It. Youget threeinstruments inone aHere'swhat it does . lowdistortion RFsignal generator aTheMFJ-249 SWR Anatyzer' vgives sensitive highaccuracy 170MHz frequencyyo uacompletepicture of your a ntenna counter . . . an SWR Analyzer'''!SW Ro veranentricband-- without a Has BNCconnector for uscas hightransmitt er , SW Rmeter o r anyot her accuracyfrequencycounter. Counter haseq uipme nt! four gate times.. 1 Hz resolut ion. I ppmReadingSWRis automatic . All youdo 10MHzcrystal time base with adjustableis plug inyour antenna. set your MFJ-249 cal ibration.SWRAnalyzer""to thefrequencyyouwant Use6AAcells or 110VAC withandread your SWR- it couldn' t be easier ! MFJ- 13 12B. $12.95 inches.1().. 160Meter HFSlVRAnalyzer" 2Meter VHFSWRMFJ-207 IT you' rean MFJ-))t $7995 HFman. this $7995 2M" crVHFcompact SWRAlltll\-:.er""MFJ-207HFSWRA1/iIh'J'r"" findstheSWRofanyantennawill helpyoubuildantenna, fmm138-156MHz.that" 1I make working DX Jack for external frequencyal most routine. co unter. Use9 volt batteryorJtL'1 plug inyour coax10 11 0 VACwith MFJ- 13 12.find the SWRof any HF $12.95 . 7lhxl lhx2 1Ainches.antenna onany hamhand ForCommercial VIWRadio10-160Meters . Has jack for Sameas MFJ-208bUI forexternal frequency couraer. commercial VHF. MFJ -2I7,Use 9volt battery or 110 $79. 95. covers 30-50 MHz andVACwithMFJ-131 2. $ 12.95 .$79.95. coversinches. 150-170 MHz.MFJAJIlemwResistance,Heier'" 600 10Digit LCDCounterNeedto MFJ-.346 Addthis$8995 measurethe $18995handyfeedpomt MFJ -346resistanceofyour antenna? frequency counter toyourplugyour coaxinto steuon and get highaccuracytheMf:;J -205Antenna frequencyrreasurcrreras to 60JResistanceMe1erT'ol . set it to MHz withIOdigilprecision .thefrequency youwant and Easy-to-reed 1/4inch LCDread YOUt feedpoint resistance digit'> don' t wash OUI indimrlyfromit'scahbrutcd bright sunlight like LEDs.resistance meter. It's perfect Co mpatiblewithMFJfor dl-;;igningimpedance SWRAJwly: as, DipMeter'" ,AJII(' IUUImatchingreiworks foryour ResistanceMt'fl'r'"andAntelUJa Bridge!",antenna. Four galetimes, . 1Hzresoultion, highRea ds up to 500 " hnlsRFresistance and accuracy 1 ppm10MHzcrystal time base.covers allham bands 160-10 Meters. Use9volt bsneryor 110VACwithWithacom't'1l1it"ltll antennabridge you MFJ- 1312B. $ 12.95. 4xl lf.rx5'" inches.havetoconstantlyalternatebetweenadJusting . -, 7thenull andfrequencycontrols until youfind l >ealer/Orde.-s. 8()()....64 -1800thebest null . Technlcel .lIelp: 8()()...6.I7-TECH(8324)Youcanalsodeterrnirc resonant frcqccrcy ' I .,..Ul iCO d llio..1I pallee ' ,]) " rro-eybaI::Iing 50-ohm.-10'mVanical " m.nn"s. in.... nad Ls "nd g'oundflld slopers (all over 900 " (great er than) symbol. See alsotheMC ON command.MALL: As defaulted. bothconnectedand unconnected packets are monitored.TheMALL commanddeterminesIhecategory of monitored packets. This is thesetting used if youwish tocommunicateas a group. TheMALLcommand is alsohandyfor runningsometypesof diagnostics.MCON, MCON OFF, the controuer wlumonitor onlyconnected stations in the con-nected state.To monitor packets fromstations otherthan t he st ation to which you are connect-ed, set MCon ON. This command is activewhen connected.MCOM: When ON, this command willallowmonitoringof all frame cont rol se-quences andnumbering.This command is active when the MON-itor command is ON.This command will al-lowmon it oringof all framecont rol se-quencesandnumberingsuchasframes, unnumbered information f rames, disconnects Signalling Fa-- a ..- "-.-, .., ,.., 1501FM 2818, Suite 225 Colege Station TX 77840 [!I!J!JaE 1-800-725-4267 i:ILocol &Fax 409-696-4263 TX & USA800-725-HAMSlOGiC3'$ PaCll:etCluster Interlace SPOIS not only unconfirmed DXCCcountriesCOr enes. ITUzones. prefixes. continents. andanything else that can bedetermined rc e an-sill n teeusts. provinces, etc.). AudibleCW alert foreachaward e. LOG ata ndow Isalso pentet lor RrrY, AMTOR. an C a - n. The lexi Oi 5e It' ute. complete logoing,awards tracking. an contestfri . d's outeaci!ity, rill control wllic tl made l OGIC 2 so popu-lar are nowenhanced by ind ,dscreens ith fun mousesupport and graphical report layout(MSWindowslmn!!J'lI rt ). Superbdocumentation andtech support. lOGic3($79) andlOGic Jr v3 ($39) lor IBM only. lOGiC 2 andJr v2 still available on Amlga andeo- 'I'll Sf. Soonlor Mac. Hard drive rell uired. Fr.. Inloplt. Visa/mc. Penonal DatabaseApplicatiolls, Dept C, 2616 MeadowRidge Dr, DuMh,GA 30136-6037. tel 404-242-0887 fax 404-449-6687 tech404-41 7- I B99Kantronics BenCHeR.inC La".., Ant...... AMIE.nT.OIill Colt rfconcepts Vectronics Corporation Inc. MFJ-BUTTERNUT ELECTRONICSCO. AllneoGAUnOIG (cVan GordenEngineering 1'!1! YaesuCaMEI PacketClusterOinterfaceTiming CommandsBENEFITS FOR YOUaST, aSL Bureau Awards, Low Cost Insurance Operating Aids,Government Liaison and More-MuchMore!MEMBERSHIP-APPLICATION------------ - - - - ----- - - -Name Call _Street _Ci ty ProvJState PC/ZIP _$30 In u.s.SA2 elsewhere (U. S. lunds) Persons age 65 or over, upon submitti ng prool01age, may request tne special duesrale 01 524 i n the U.S., S36 elsewhere In U.S .tul'lds. Licensed amat eurs age 17 and younger may qualify l or special rat e, wri te l oreccnceuoo. For post al purposes, fitty percent of dues is allocat ed t o OST, I hebalance for membership.VISA, MC, AMEX, Discover # _Signat ure Expires _The American Radio Relay League225 Main Sl Newington. CT. 06111AXDELAY: The period t he controller wi llwait in addit ion to t he time set by the TX-Delay.Thi s command is ti me inaddit ion to theTXDel ay setti ng. AXDelay is used in con.junction with voicerepeaters whichareused topass packet data .This command is most often used whenslow relay switching of voice repeaters isemployed for use with packet.AXHANG: Spec i f y thenecessary" HANGTIME" of voice repeater which isused in packet service.If the repeater squelch tail is long , it isnot necessary t o wait AXDelay time afterkeying the transmitter if the transmitter isstill transmitting.CHECK: Used to set the period beforeCIRCLE 290N READERSERVICE CARl)48 ca January 1993SayYouSawlt lnCa1185 Dol ly PartonParkwaySevierville. TN 37862 U.S.A.Office: (615) 453-7172Fax: (615) 428-4483Repair Dept.: (615) 428-0364'Plus shi pping and handling" Customer pays shippi ngboth waysCompetitors may settle for someoneelse's off-the-shelf components - notTEN-TEC. Wehand build our ownvariable capacitors and all coils in platetuning network.No compromises. We even windour ownHypersil @transformers andindividually match every rectifier forrecovery time.a SK is not an option. It' s built-in!CW and AMTOR is a dream. SSBoperators wi ll love the lightning fast,smooth operation.Extensive metering monitors averageand peak power simultaneously.Includes160 and WARC.TITAN 1500 watts, all modesfrompair 3CX800 UniquePi -L Network provides the easiest. broadesttuning you'll ever use. VacuumRelay Compact RFdeck conserves space. Separate powersupply with 411b behemoth transformer. Grid current limiting protects your tubes. 3year limited warranty Factory Direct 52769.00CENTURION 1300 watts PEP, 1000watts CWopair E1MA(;3-5002 Best value in its price class. Instant ON, no warmup Built-in"hot" switching protection Factory Direct $1695.00' WIDtubes $1395.00'HERCULES II 550watts, all modes. Solid State.NoTuning Required General Coverage, ideal for CAP, MARS Mobile or sase, uses 13.5 VDC directly frombattery or optional power supply Use remotewith aTENTEC rigor optional Remote Head Factory Direct S1195.00 Buy Direct and Get theFactory Price No-Ri sk 30Day Money- Sack Guarantee: " Expert Advice Legendary ServiceVISA, MASTERCARD, DISCOVERUNDERGSA CONTRACT Government I ccmmercsuncumesInvitedORDERFACTORY DIRECT HOTLINECALL 1-800-833-7373TelephoneHours: 9:00 AM -5:30 PM EasternNow taking trades on used TENTEC gear.For Brands You Can Count OnAT PRICES YOU CAN LIVE WITHCALL TOLL FREE: 1-800-238-6168TXD 9-0ptlmumFor 9600 Bauds.MaximumTXDeiay at9600baudsshould not exceed14, or 140 milli -seconds!TXO su-ccrvstar-ccnrroneo radios withdiode switchi ng.TXO as-csvmneseeoradios.TXD 4O- Aadios with relay.TXD45- Aadios withexternal poweramplifier.Feature CommandsCTEXT: Usedtoenter connect text. Toac-tivate, set CMSG to ON, or PBBS.Connect text may be enteredas anycombination of lellers and numbers. Theconnecttext canbe used to give direc-tions, announcements, or instructions-e.g., Buck is not here at the moment; youmay leave amessageintheK4ABT-10mailbox,MHEARD: Usedto view a list of the 15or more most recentstationsthatwereheardbyyour station. The command is is-sued by you, fromthecommandmode,and displayed on your terminal.The MHeard command is issued at thecommand prompt to display the most re-centstations heard by your station. Insome TNCs there is a related commandcalledthe JHeard, or"Just Heard" tea-ture.lftheJHeardcommand isassociatedwith themailbox.orPBBS.this feature mayhave an expanded command call that in-cludes a "time-stamp" addition. In addi-tion to the "time-stamp," there may alsobeabonusto theJHeardfeature calledthe"Jheard long" (Jl). If theJ:j. An excellenl2mrsco CallTM-24IA45WFM XCVRwi1tl e>oplV;"'.copies to use with different antennas. I also402-346-4750 fax: 402-346-2939 Me, A"'."'oo nl , :0.1""""", 81""1""""'"Slou.. So.ope rVOAAdaJller ...,t h1. \t 1JRAM, 2 se....1pons.. Pm,lkl pon, . Ga me ""n,MS DOSS,O, ..."h _monty.DUAL BAND HANDHELD 2MTRS 130-174MHZ RX 70CM 430450 MHZ RXlTX 82 MEMORIES 4 TX POWER lEVELS DUAL BANDRECEIVEFT-470SALE!Iluild' 11111' 11\\11 ut- FT-530FT-5200 I FT5100 NEW!386SX 25MHzwit h 2MB RAMCompltlta SuperVGASv-lamwith 40MB HaldOri.. $ 898with105MB HaldOri.. $ 986w>ttl 12OMB dDr;.. $ 10012w>ttl 2OOMB dOriva $ l 1W3861)X 40MHzwtt h Mk Cacha . aMB RAMComplela Super VG' SV-l am40MBOriva $ 10018I>MBHald Or... $ 1136l2OMB...... dOriva $ l1Q220ClMBOriva $ 134gCIRCLE 148 ON READER SERVICE CARDCall for AllYAESURadios&AccessoriesNEWEQUIPMENTPRICI NGANDORDERS1-800-666-0908OUTOFSTATETECHNICAL, USEDGEAR, INFO203-666---6227 24HRFAX203-667-3561LENI iNi COMMUNICATIONS INC.21 GARFIELD STREET, NEWINGTON, CT 061 I IHours: MF 1(H;. El = C,O,D,s sameDaySAT. 10-1OK ShippingYAESUMAINeoARDs MODEMS3IlSSX-2$Iolhz $1311 20100 $ 40l$158 20100 Poeke'! Modem $ 693860X-4OMhz $2l 'OIllOOV321n\amll1 $198:J86-.4ODJ(&4IOW,,Say You Saw it in CODid you catch last month's column? There wediscussed several SymantecIBM PC uti lities,Oneof thesewas theacclaimed NortonDesktopVersion 2.0 for Wi ndows. a popular Mi crosoftWindowsadd-in enhancement. Another was TheNorton Desktop V1.0 for DOS, whi ch providesa Windows-like interface for DOSusers whoarenot quite ready tamove to the Windows environ-ment. Don't miss the softwarediscussionsandreviewsin theteaofthismonth's column. (Photocourtesy Symantec Corporation)All About Oscilloscopes. Stan Griffit hs,W7NI,sent me a copy of his fasci nating book,a "tabor of love" called Oscilloscopes: serecr-ing and Res/Dringa Classic, Stan is the ownerof morethan 50 restoredTektronix instruments,all of which are more than 20 years old and inmuseum-likecondition Stan'sbeeninvolvedwith Tekt ronix oscilloscopes, particularly i nser-vicing them, since1960.The book has a narrowfocus, that of helpingthe buyer ot a classic Tektronix scope get thebest buy tor his money and make themost of hisinvestment. Whilethe seven chapters and threeappendicesfocusonrestor i ngTektroni xscopes, therearechapters devoted to topicssuch as determining instrument condition andproperly cleaning equipment that have usefultips applicable to restoring anyelect ronic equip-ment,incl uding amateur radio gear. The 372-pagebook issts.aspostoeovomStan Griffiths,W7NI, 18955 S.W. Blanton, Aloha, OR 97007.Dvorak Does It Again Department. In theAugust 1990 columnwereviewedDvorak'sGuide to PCTelecommunications, We were im-pressedwiththe comprehensiveguide, au-thoredbynotedcomputer columnistJohnC.Dvorak and programmer Nick Anis. Nowthesecond edition is available, and it includes a 3 5inchdisketteot telecommunications relatedpro-grams and util ities.Both the or iginal and the updated book pre-sent users with easy to understand informationon modems and telecommunications software,howt hey work, and how to best use them, Theauthors include detailed information on each ofthe major electronic mail systems and bulletinboard services, what they are, and how to em-ploy them to best advantage. Also included aret ips and tricks on linking Pes, f ile transfer pro-tocols, telecommuting,and more.The newedit ion has been reorgani zed into 6parts, including 35 chapters and 8 appendicesThat'sall for this time. Next month, more Anten-nas &Accessories topics 01 current interest.Overheard: Usually, most electronic equip-ment works better if you remember loplug it in,73. Karl , W8FXiarce-ccn types offered commercially by severalsources, such as WB5TYD, W4UWF, WD4BUM,andothersA feature of some Bugcatcher-style designsis the capacity (top) hal. Since most of the lossin loaded mobile antennas is in the roatn ng coil ,it's important to reduce the inductance requi red,By adding a top hat, the resonant frequency 01Ihe antenna is lowered considerably so that asizableamountof the loadingcoil can bere-moved.So far, so good.Life isn' t always lair, however. There is a di-lemma 01 electrical efficiency vs mechanicalsoundness in ant ennas that use a top hat. Thisdilemmawascommunicatedtome bynotedARRL Technical Advisor (TA) Walt Maltwell .W2DU. Walt explains that while most designsplacethe tophat directlyabove the loading coil ,which is reasonable from a mechanical stand-point, this definitely Isn't the best posit ion Iroman electrical standpoi ntWa lt points outthattheproperelectricalplacement of the top hat is at the top ol the up-per ractator. Ftus placement ensures maxmurncapacity10ground(which wewant to reduce therecutred coil inductance). and at the same timeensures minimumcapacitance to the coil. Thetatter is capacitance that wedon 't want becausethe top hat-to-coil capacitance decreases theoof the con much as would decreasing the turnspacing or all owing snorted turns. It' s tr uly un-fortunate that mechanical and electrical require-mentsdiffer sowidely: mounting Ihehat direct-ly on thecoil is greattcr stability but representsa poor crorce for etticiencyChapter 6 of Wall's boOk ReflectiOns(thesec-ondpr inting ofwhich wereviewed last June)discusses radi ation resistance in general andtop hat placement specifically, Also, there's adiscussion of tophat placementi n The ARRLHandbook, written byWal t and found in chapter33 in all editions since1986,We>d also liketo thank Don Johnson, W6AAO,for writ ing us to c riti que top hat placement di-reclly over the loadi ng coil. as shownin fig, 1in the August column, p. 77. Don,you mayre-member, is the author olthe 112-page40 Yearsof HF Mobileering compendiumwhich we high-light ed in the Apri l 1990 column. He alludes tothe mechanical problems associ ated wi th ca-pacity hat placement ono. 3 ofhiscompen-dium.Don also reminded me that he's generateda great deal of interest ina homebrew HF mobi leantenna design that' s competi tive with the bigBugcatcher types. His automatic, no-relays DK3design can be used to cover 10, 20, 40, and 75meters. Hopefully, he still has some copies leftof his 17-page DK3 design manuscript that wementioned i n last May's column. These are $5postpaidfromDonJohnson, W6AAO, 26659capay St.. Box595, Esparto. CA 95627-0595.WPX Record Keeping Program Note. Dickeeneure. W4UW, wrote to tell us lhal Ihe cor-rect pr ice of his program is $35.95, not $39.95as indi cated in theOCtober tsszccrcmn.o. 74Dick also mentioned that he had upped the pro-gram's l imit of aoooceus and pref ixes to 4200.whichshOuld accommodate almostanyone.WrapUpBugcalcher Business. In the August 1992col-umn we pointed to the popularity of these rela-tively emcent HF mobile antennas, and similarShort Burststhat include 8BS listings, access numbers. sug-gested software. and important resources. Theauthors also coverthe major commercial andshareware communicati onspackages andon-line services. Aseparate sectionprovides userguides for the shareware sottwafa containedonthe diskette i ncludedwith the book.The textclocks in at about11 00 pages and is priced at$39.95. which is down $10 from thepnce ot thefirst edition.Asbefore, lhe Dvorak and Anis txlok is avail-able in most ottre larger chain booksellers. orcontact Osborne/McGrawHill, 2600Tentn 51"Berkeley, CA 947 10 lora cat alog.Fun Computer Book Reading. I confess tobeinga sort of technojunkie when it comes 10comput er books. particularly those which de-scribe the strong personalities of the computerindustry. I've l ound two newbooks in this areato share wit h you.The urst is Accidental Empires, by Robert x.Cringely, a computercolumnist writinglor firfoWor/d, This compelling book's subtitle tells agreat deal about what lies between ns covers ," How the Boys of SiliconValley Made Their Mil-lions. Battle Foreign Competition. and Still Can'tGet A Date:'From Jobs and Wozniak ("the Woz") of Ap-ple, toGary Kildallof Digital Research, to "Chair-man Bill " Gates of Microsoft , amongothers. theauthor presents ahigh-spiritedtour Of thein-dustry and its people, one presented t romIhecynical and irreverent viewpoinl 01an uninvitedbusinessconsultant.Cringelyentertaininglychronicles the oeveconent of the industry. tell-ing a story of creativity, daring. and ego of thekey players who have enjoyed " high-tech suc-cess without adult supervision."This provocative but fun-to-read book is 324pages andis $19.95Irombookstores or Addison-WesleyPublishingCompany, 1 JacobWay,Reading, MA 01867.While we' re in the area 0 1insi de-track com-puter gossip, a second, more narrowly focusedbook earns high mar ks for readability. It 's HardDrive: Bill Gates and theMaking of the Mic ro-soft Empire, It is, of course, all about the legen-dary " Chairman Bill," who despit e hi s preemi-nencei n the soft warei ndustry, onlymerit s asingle chapter and occasional other mentionsin Accidental Empires.The picturaof Gates that Hard Drive presentshas been criticized by some reviewers becauseit presents himas a two-dimensional caricature:an incredible computer genius in one dimension,an immature "soft ware bully" in anolher. It'shard to objectivel y judge this type of book Si ncethe reader rarel y is in an insi de position to knowhow to separate fact from fiction. But this fas-cinating and tantalizing tedby Seattle Po$I-Jn-telligencer reporters James Wallace and JimEricksondoes make for very entertaining read-ing.llalso provides insight intoGates's businessphilosophy and suggestions as to why Microsofthas become the software juggernaut that it is.All this leads the reader to an understanding ofwhere all the hype about Microsoft Windows""came from and where it's headed,This one is 426 pages and retails for$22.95from John Wiley & Sons, 605 Third Ave., NewYork, NY10158.EVERY ISSUEOFCQon microfiche!COMMUfll'C""TlON\10701E l 06t h St FlShels, IN 46038Toll F ree 800-445-7117... v__nd M. ""c."d lEa... ICODlIlIghllyhlQh",> .FAxmn849 8794CIRCLE 980N REAOER SERVICE CAROThe entire run of CQfr om January,1945 thrulast year Is available .Youcanhaveaccesstothetrea-sures of CQ without several hundr edpounds of bulky back issues, Our 24xfichehave 98 pages eachandwlll fitina card file on your desk.Weoffer abattery operatedhandheld viewer for $75, and a deskmodel for $220. Libraries have thesereaders.Thecollection of over 800micro-ftche.ts available as an entire set ,(nopartial sets) for $360.00plus $5forshipping (USA). Annual updatesavailable for $10.Y our full sati sfactionis guaranteedor your money back . VISA/Me ac-cepted. HamRadiomagazineavail -able for $205.00. PUBLISHING"Whitehall"Aoute 4. Box 1630Mineral , Virginia 23117703: 894-Sm800: 282-5628AR1000T_" __ so. n.,.544960 CO January 1993Say You Saw IIln COBrushless12VDC Fan.Excellent l or coolingcar stereoamps. Hamequipment. 27 CFM.

#273-243 14.95CDPlayer AC-to-DCVoltageAdapter. Saves batteries! Connectto your portabl e CD player's DC j ackand plug mtc wall outlet to play from12QVAC. 3VDCregulated output. Ullisted.#273-1659 16.9514-PiecePCTool Kit .Includes screwdrivers,chip extractor and in-serter, tweezers, nut-driver, parts tube, case.1f641972 14.95Convenient aUloranging and auto-poIantyat alOwprice. seect thetuncuon-, meier does tne rest .DIode-check, continuity buzzer.Measures to 1QOOVDC, 7&JVAC,lOAAC/DCcurrent, 2 megohms.Fuse protected. UL 1244 listed.#22-184 . 49.99InfraredSensor Card.Detects normallyinvisi-bleinfrared toconfirmoutput lrom remot es. IRLEOs orlasers.#276-099 5.95TECHLINE Rechargeable Solder-ing Gun. Great for autos, boats andcampers- solder up to 250j oi ntson one charge. Trigger-act ivatedlight. Ul listedACcharger,case.#64 2194 _ 39.95IRTransmitter ProjectCase. For beeper or re-mote. 9Vbatterycom-partment. Molded71e x2:lJa x 4 '/. "enclosure.#270294 4.49Itafl.""IJaekSINCE '92'AMERICA'STECHNDLDGV CIRCLE 1500N READER SERVICE CARDNEW! Circuit Breaker Identifier,Tl rnesavertPlug transmiller into out-let. Wireless receiver li ght s andbeeps when placed near that cir-cuit's wiring, breaker or fuse,#61-2721 29.95TECHLlNE' 18PieceHexKe ySet. Ideal forengine and machinerywork. Heavy-dutysteelalloy. Standard sizes.#641816 4.99THETECHLINETMTools-The new standard in strength andprecision!_ Precision-crafted with top-quality materials_ Designed lor longlile and ease 01 use Backed by Radio Shack's 1-Year Limited WarrantyNew TECHLINE tools represent Radio Shack's uncompro-misingdedicationtoquality. Eachisprecision-craftedoflong-l asting, hard-worki ngmaterials and employsthe lat-estdesign innovations for comfortandeaseof use. And,eachis backedbyour fuut -yearlimitedwarranty.Speedy service and lowprices on thousands of parts and accessories! FREE delivery to Radio Shack on orders $5 and up_ Semiconductors and ICs_ Hard-to-find batteries CB and scanner crystals_ long-Iile vacuum tubes_ Phono cartridges/styli _ SAMSl> service booksWhy pay more for mail -order?YourRadio Shack stocks 1000 electroniccompooenls, and another 15,000 are available last from our special orderwarehouse Oroeflflg is easy! Bring in fhe exact pan number (or old part).We'll checkavallab,ll1y and order by photle. Delivery time10your nearbyShack formostl1ems isaweek.CQ REVIEWS:The CreativeDesignRCSRotatorsBYLEW McCOY . W11CPSometime back I reviewed the RC5A3Creative Design rotator, and since then Ihave received many questions regardingthe performance of the lower cost model,the Re51, and some of their other models.First I should pointout thatI have hadthe Creative AC5A3 up forseveral yearsnow, rotatinga DJ6UT beam and a long-boom2 meterVagi. TheOJ6UT beamweighs in at 66 pounds plus the supportingmast,whichisheavy-dutysteel,addinganother 30 pounds and the 2 meter beamat 15 pounds. This is a considerable toadto rotate, plus a rather heavywindload. Mylocation is at 6400 feet above sea level ontheContinental Dividewithverystrongwinds on many days. Infact, 30 to 50MPHwindscanbe a daily occurrencein thewinter andspring. Inall that time I havehadabsolutely no problems withtherotator,which I thinktells a great deal.I installed theRC51 on another ofmytowers(mast)and mounted several dif-ferent antennas (at different times) on themast to test the torque and wind loading.Upto this point, and this is through awholeyear of testing, this lower priced RC51 hasdone an outstanding job. My conclusion isthat theentirelineofCreativeDesignrotorsis very well designed.Table I gives a breakdown of the threemost popular rotor models. TheRC51(listedin the table as RC5-x) has 6 kglm,(one kilogram equals 2.2pounds) rot ationtorque. This compares to the 16kg/m rota-tion torque and about one half the brakingtorque of the RC5A3. The '51has a brak-ing torque of 70 kgl m. Briefly, to help youunderstand the figur es, a braking torqueof 70 kg/m means that the rotator wi ll notbudge when 70 kg of force is applied onemeter from the rotor axis. Rotation torqueshave the same meaning.Youcan make other comparisons fromthetable. The RC5B-x shown is not onethatI have tested, but it certainly must be rug-ged indeed as indicated by the figures. I' Tecnt ucet Editor,CO,200 Idaho Street,Silver City, NM 8806162 CO January 1993TheRC51model rorator. The unit weighs 5 kilograms ( 11 pounds),Model No. RCS-x RCSA x RC5BxRotation Torque 6 kglm 16 kglm 22 kglmBrake Torque 70 kglm 150 kglm 200 kglmMast Size (mm) 48-65 48-65 48-65Vertical load 400 kg 700 kg 700 kgHorizontal load 800 kg 1000 kg 1000 kgRolation Speed 75- 180 75-180 75-180(sec.) 50 HzReversal Delay None (Type 1) 2 sec. (Type 2) 3 sec,(sec) 1 sec. (Type 3} 3 sec. (Type 3)Preset Control None (Type 1) None (Type 2} ProvidedProvided (Type 3) Provided (Type 3)Required Power 80 VA (Type 1) 140 VA (Type 2} 160VA120,230VAC 90 VA(Type 3) 140 VA (Type 3}Indicator Accuracy 4max. e as max. e a-max.Control Cable t-ccie r-core 7-coreWeight Skg 7kg 8,5 kg(rotatorunit)Note unit of torque:kg/m= 100kg/emTable 1- This shows the specifications of the various CreativeDesign rotators.Say You Saw Jlln CO,1=:-0",,,,ofRadIOSoICOM. , _. . ... , , ' .. l..' ""......,,. ,Full line of RadiosandAccessoriesLENTINI COMMUNICATIONS INC.21GARFIELD STREET,NEWINGTON, CT 0611 1Hours: E3ra cgif'SAEAASTRON COMET CUSHCAAFTDIAMOND' KANTAONICSMFJSANGEAN SONY SHORTWAVE'DRAKE MANYMORE...NEWEQUI PMENTPRICINGANDORDERS1-800-666-0908OUTOF :: S:: T""' A=T= ETECHNICAL, USED GEAR,INFO203-666-6227 24HRFAX203-667-3561THE WORLDLEADER IN LOGGINGSOFTWARE!January 1993 CQ 63CIRCLE51 ONREADERSERVICE CARDHF Lo gging System for PC Compati bles Highly AcclaJ....cI CLEAR, UNCLUTTEREDUur SCrMn.. lJMdBy The GORDON WEST Radio School. TenTec, Kenwood, Icom, and Vanu Rigs SupportlOd, COMPETITIVE UPGRADESFOt lOGIC,OXB...e, Advanced PACKET Cl USTER/QSYSupport. .. _ ONLY $39. 95 'CAU FORDETJJLSI SUpporllOf All. Major CALL SIGNDATABASES. Euy To Uu, MENUDRIVEN, Report Generelo.$69.95 Compl ete, Demo Disk $5,00 (Refundable W it hPurchase)Sensible Solutions (800)538-0001r.o. Box 474, Middletown, NJ 07748, U.S.A,Outslde 01 U,S. And Canada: (906) VISA And ... ..t . rC.rd Aceepled ..Il!I'For TMRMdioAmaMIK - CIttNu roSH'Europt'.n Diotri bu' DICL. Eo 80. Z1J, S-26123LAndotrona. SwedenTel: 04\11.14174toprovi dethenecessary torque. I might series will handle 25 square feet. I tried theadd that the specifications shown are for RC51 with a trap beam for10 through 20a wind velocity of 30 m'sec (9D-plus MPH) . and had that up forseveral months with noThe init ial gear in theRC51 rotorsis a problems. I also triedsomelong-boom1/60worm gear , makingfor quiet opera- stacked 2 meter antennas. and in anothernon and effectively counteringany back- test I used a multibandquad. Thisplus thelashfromthean tenna. Thewormgear torque and rotation tests proved tome themechanism is enclosed in asealed grease rotator is qui terugged. If you have a real-chamber toreduce the coefficient of trfc- Iy big array, as I have with the DJ2UT andtion . Broad 30 mm teeth areused onthe other antennas on the tower, t hen I wouldfinal gear, whichisthemost vulnerable gofor theRC5A orRC5B.point in the assembly. Three-stage speed I alsoli ke theinstructionmanual veryreduction takes the speed down to an over- much. It is completely detailed, includingall rateof t ' 1800. all the circuit diagrams plus many photosA potentiomete r for detecting direction showingconstructiondetails. Not that Iis linked to therotor shaft and gears. The ever hadto , but servicingshouldbenodr ive motor is a high-starti ng torque type, problem with the information provided in28 VACcapacitance unit . The prirnarydit- this manual.ference between the RC51and the other Creative Design products are made bymodelsisthemotorsize. (AsI stated CreativeDesign, Ltd., Kawasaki. Japanear lier , theRC51 islowerprtced.)Motor and are handled in this country byEDCOoutput capacity is 12watts wit h RC5 rotors Electronic Distributors, 325 Mill St., Vten-and30 watt s withRC5A rotors. na, VA 22180 (1 -703-938-8105.) YoucanTheRC51isdesignedtohandle10 write to them for additional literature. Thesquarefeet of antenna, whiletheRC5A list price of theRC51 is $369.95. OOIshould state here that I mounted the RC51on a t ruck body, as I did with the originalunit I tested, and using a pipe for the rota-ting arm, rtested for the rotating and brak-ing torque. The rotator easily handled theamounts shown, and I went at least 25 per-cent over t hose figures withease. I sup-poseI could have added weightuntil therotator wouldn't function, but that seemedjust alittlefoolish , consideringtherotorhandled well over what the manufacturerhas specifi ed.The RC51rotor cont rol has an indicator(see photo) with a direction scale dividedinto 360 degrees. Also provided is a cutoutworld map that can be fitted over the meterface. There are three maps provided: East ,Central, or West Coast. The rotor controlhas a speed setting knob so t hat t he rota-t ion speed can be set between 75 and 180seconds for one full revolution. Turning thespeed control knob causes a variation int he voltage derived from a t riac in the con-t rol ci rcuit ry. Thischangestheoverallspeed of the motor by varying the periodsof mot or rest. Speedcont rol isthusdif-ferent t hanwith ordinary rheostat systems,and maintains full torque and reltable start-ing, even atlow speeds.If des ired. availabl e is a different rotorcont rol t hat has a preset control for setti ngyour beam heading.There is also a t urn-ing limit indi cator that light s up when youreach the turninglimits of therotor. (Youcan go slightly past 360 degrees [380 de-grees) beforelimit switches turn the unitot t.)What makestheseunitsuniqueisthere are no braking " devices" inthe rotor.Speed-reducing gears are used in the ro-tor , and the rat ios of the gears are such asTherotator control meter face isgraduatedindegrees. Thedirection switchis justbelowthe meter. At the right is the speedcontrol.Say You Saw It In CQRadio FUNdamentalsBYBill ORR. W6SAITHINGS TO LEARN,PROJECTS TO BUILD, AND GEAR TO USEMore About theW6SAI OCF AntennaThe computer-oerfved pattern plots for theHF bands are shown in figs. 2 through 5.Theantenna is oriented as shown in fig. 1.On40meters the classic dipole pattern ex-ists with aslight unbalance inthe plot (seethe90 and 270 degree points).At aneleva-tionof 40 feet the mainlobesaremaximumat an elevation of50 degrees above thehorizon.On 20 meters a clover-leal pattern ex-ists witha slight cant to thelonger wire.Angle of elevation of the lobes is at 25de-grees. On 15 met ers the lobes split again,with adecided advantage to thedirectionsoff the longer wire. Even so. the differenceinpallern symmetry is onlyabout 2dB. ThePallern Plots ofThe OCF Antennait was often difficult in the face of compe-titionIromhigh-powerstationswithbigbeams. II I hadagood shot at the OX, I usu-ally raised it. Ten meterswas generallydead, so the reports were lew. However,the OCF was a hot antenna on t 8 and 21MHz. It was easy to break the pile-up onF6BLOID2 (Angola) on 18 MHz, and on agood opening on 2t MHz to Europeans ina rowwere worked on first call inless than30minutes. All of the abovecontacts weremade with 100 watts.- - - 5' - ----1Gai n Over V2 Di pol eBand Gain (dBd)' 0 020 0.417 0.615 0.910 1.450n coax4:1 balunChoke deccuplerI'away), Marv reportedno diflerence insig-nal comparisons between my signal andW6GNX, as judged against previous con-tacts when I used a 40 meter , center-feddipole.On 20 meters OX could be worked, butFig. 1- The W6SAlexperimentaIOCFmul-tibanddipole. Balun is B4-2KXanddecoup-ler is C1-2K (both by RadioWorks).Table J- GainofOCFantenna onHFbands.48Campbefl Lane, Menlo Park, GA 94025L ast month I discussed the ott-center-fed (OCF) dipole antennaand describedone that I built. My antenna is shown infig.1. II is designed for 40-20-15-10 meter oo-eralion. As anice bonus, I foundthat it alsoworks on18 MHz. Operation on10 or 24MHz is not possible due 10 extremely highSWR on the balunandfeedline.The antenna has been up for about sixweeks and performs very well . It took a lit-tle effort to remove RFfromthe outside ofthecoax line. Oncethat was accomplishedwith tentte isolators, the line length couldbevariedwithout achangeintheSWRreading. I've worked ptentyot OXwith theantenna, and it provides a modest amount01 gain on the higher bands (see Table I).The only direct comparison I could runwas on18 MHz.whereI comparedtheOCFagainst aground-planeantenna. welllocated. with the baseabout 10leet aboveground. In the great majority of cases (in-cluding contacts in Europe and Asia), theOCF dipolewas at least agood S-point bet-ter inboth transmission and receptionthanthegroundplane. Onthe other bands I hadno comparison antenna.On '40 meters during my weeklyskedwith W6GNX(about a mile away from me)and W6FRin Fullerton (about380 miles14.281l'1li1 .-. " ~/ '. .' '..'...../. - nr- .::.e cal, wri le Fill (lIJ kmeo:l,brochlrl'SIn-Pliase 6502 Wilde.. DriveC""" Cr_ , Aril ""B65:J.:ll613016(2) 488-.325 F..: (602) 481l-43 16Mon, .aA M. lO5P.M, PACIFICTIMEDEAl ERINQUIRIESINVI TED. Log- [L [L YOll r lI oso'sin 4J Main Database! Im portsmost all contest dataf ile sFEATURES, FEATURES, FEATUREStoo numerous 10mentionThemost comprehensivepackageavailable today!WRITE FOR FREE INFORMATI ONPACKETCIRCLE71ON READER SERVICE CARDThe Four-to-One Balun4. Pass lengths of AG-8 through the endcaps.5. Prepare the ends of theRG-8withpigtail s.6. Pass thetefloncoax (withthe ferrites)through the31. inchPVC pipe.7. Solder the connect ions between theteflon coax and theRG-8 coax.8. Tape and insulate the connections.9. Pour a small amount of PVC cementinto each end cap.10. Screw the end caps onto the pipeends.11 . The last step istoplace PL-259plugson the ends of the RG-8 cable.You don't want to diddlearound buildingan isolator? Well, you can buy a nifty onealreadyassembledfromTheRadioWorks,tnc., Box 61 59, Portsmouth, VA 23703 (JimThompson, W4THU), ttemc t-zk. Thiswillset you back $18.95, plus shipping.spih $- l/4 ... J-I;1 ." ' .....I"'i lle, NY\'1-101 !E"roP"' Jot>:lT Dq>l_ CBox 2063. $0831 02 O>IL""",nd, SWEDENYou can build a 4:1balun from a kit (item835) from The Wiremanfor$17.50 (plusshipping). Press also sells an assembledbalun(item 824) for $36.95, plus shipping.The RadioWorks sell s a 4-to-1balun (B4-2KX for $39.95), plus shipping _So there you are. You can save moneyand build your own isolator and balun, oryou can spend some more bucks and getthemready-made. The choice is yours.CIRCLE94 ON READER SERVICECARD66 CO January 1993Say Yo.' Saw It In caIMPORTANT! All prices In thisadareLIST. Pleasecall Toll Freefor our latest DISCOUNT PRICES_Accessoriestor major Itemsarenotshownhere, ForInformation,call, or see the latest AES Catalog,Notl :All Pricel IndSpeclflCltlon. . ... I Ub-JId to ch.nv- without nollce.Until 1/4193 - SAVEup10$50! SeetheYAESUHolidaysPromotionIn theNovember andDecemberissuesof thisMaiazinefor theSpecial CouponDealandhow to slinup for a chance to wina YASUDREAMSTATION.AB C D EYAESUfT-411E (C) 2m, I40l50MHz(tx), 140-174MHz (rx).FM HT. LCD, keypad and rotary-diallreq entry. 5Wh ZJrw xl lf'd, .85lb LIST $358.00YAESU n 1I11 (A, . 2w. 43D-4SOMHz llST 394.00YAESUn-911 (Al . 1w. l .2GHz llST 489.00YAESU n-470 (B) 2m144(J,lHz. 2.3w, FM handheld.Similar to FT-4ll and811abOve. Simultaneousreceiveonbothbands, 21 memoriesforeach band. 6irhI2lrwx lWd, .88 Ibs LIST $499.00YAESUFT415(O) . Compact 2mFMHT. 2w,130-174MHzlrx(l40-150MHztx) .Dual VFOs, 41tunablememories. 2Ww xSy, ' hx1Y,"d,oz.... $409.00.FT-81S SimilartoFT-415but JOcm,2W, 430-450MHz receiveand transmit LIST$439.00Theseare similar to n-4151815 but without TTP:R-28125 . z-meters. 'Nt, 13G-174MHz receee andl401S0MHz transmit LIST $299.00"-28127 . z-meters. 5W, 13G-174MHz receive and14G-15OMHz transmit LIST $329.00n-18/25 7Ocm, 'Nt, 4301450MHzIb-rx .. $329.00YAESU n -23R17 tEl 2mFMHT 2.5w ouput, rotarydial frequencyentry, LCDdisplay, 10memories,scanning, priority. Ruggedandweatherproofed.2WxIJrd, lib LIST $290.00n-23R-12 -as abovebut 2m, 5w L1ST 309.00n -33R 220 MHzFM, 5w L1ST 329.00YAESU FRG-860oShortwaverece iver,150KHz-3DMHz,118-174MHz covera!,opt ional. LI TYAESU Antenna Rotor 6models CALl-- -- ---.... - - -( r-r,YAESUFL-1000 Solid-state, 160- 12M. linearwithbuilt-inautomati c antennatunerandpowersupply.70Wdrive for 600W out put.Fullbreak-in for CW, HFPacket and AMTOR. Auto. selection of 4antennas withopt. unit. S'h xlS"w xIS"d, 66Ibs...... LIST $2219.00YAESU n -5200 (top) 2m1440MHz FMMobile. Covers140-150(tx), 140-174 (rx) s 430-450MHz.32 memo-ries, crcssencoder, (2m) 50/ 5W, (70cm) 3S/5W.Cross band full duplex.DTMF me. detachable front panelfor remote. 5Ww xlWh xS'd, 2lbs LIST $169.00n 5100 -Like 5200 w/oremote cap LIST$695.00n -&:lOO 351lDw, 440MHzl1.2GHz LIST $199.00YAESUFT-212RHlCII (rlaht) 2mFMmobile. 140-150MHz transmit, 138174MHz recei ve. 4515W. 12VDC 0l OA. 1K" hSir. x6d, 2.8 Ibs..... LIST $405.00H712RHTlCII - sa meas212but covers 43 0-450MHz, 3513W.12VDC ClOA LIST S491.00n 912RH 1.2GHz, l OW, l2VDC C4A.. L1ST$581 .00YAESU H2400H (left) Rugged2mFMmobile.SOW/25W/5W. Receives140-174MHz (l40-150MHztx). 31 memories, CTCSSencoder,Sscanfunctions.Programmable call channel, aut o. offset . backl itDTMF mlc. 6'w xl lf' hxJ'd, Ibs lIST$439.00YAESUFT-136R- All -mode, 2M/430mult i-bandVHFIUHf Optional. mcdules for 50MHz, 220MHz, and1.2GHz.lOWon SOMHzand 1.2GHz, 2SW.on2mand440MHz. Suilt-inACps. or l 2VDC w/optional powercord. 5Wh x14Wwx lllrd, 19.5 lbs... LIST $1999.00MK II FM, SSB/CWportable. Requires 12VDC 0l.lA, or opt. battery case with9ICI cens or nicads. DTMF micwithup-downcontrol, dualVFOs. 10memories withscan.Offset tunini;, LCDdisplay.2Wh 6ll"'wxnrd, 2.6 Ibs.FT-290RMK II - 2meters,2SW lIST $659.00FT-690R Mk II -sm. 50-54MHz, lOW.. LIST$799. 00n-190R Mk II - 430-4S0MHz, 25W... .LIST$759.00-.......--------- -r?-r-rr,,-YAESUFT990 100W - all mode160I OMHFtransceiver with 100kHz-30MHzreceiver, 99memo-ries. Built-in antenna tuner andACpower supply.12K"w x4if'h xll lf'd, 30 Ibs LIST $2399.00"-9900e No At. ps or CW fitter lIST $1999.00YAESUFT-161GXAll -mode, 160- IOMtransceiverwith 100kHz-30MHz receiver. Opt. modulesfor 6M,2M &70cm100W out to30MHz, lOW above. Built-inACps. SWh x14irw xI l lf'd, 30 Ibs.. LIST$2068.00YAESU H-S90 100WlSD-10m all modetransceiverwith 100kHz-30MHzreceiver. Optionalinternal automaticantennatuner.13.5VOC 0 20A.9i{,'w x3Wx9Wd, l 2.3Ibs LIST $1339.00YAESUFT-8901AT . wIant tuner LIST $1529.00YAESUFTl000- 200W-9-band,all-modeHFtransceiverwith 100kHz30MHz receive, 99memo-ries, built-inantennatuner withmemories. Built-inACos. S' hxlS"w xI S' d, S8 Ibs LIST $3499.00YAESU"-10000 . Deluxe version with dua lband-pass filter for crossbandreceive. temperaturecom-oensetedcrystal oscillator, 2.4kHzI2KHz$Sa filtersandSooHz CWdal filter LIST $4499.00YAESUFT-141GX Oeft) I DOW, 16G-I OMSSBICWbaseor mobil e transceiver with 10DkHz-30MHzreceiver, andoptional FM transmit7receive. 12V DCo20A. 3K"h x9if'wx9ird, 7Ibs........ LIST $899.00YAESU R-650 (rlaht) 100W ,6, 10 &12MaUmodewith24.5-56.0MHz receive. 105memories: 99forchannels, 4programmabie scanmemories and 2pri-ori ty channel s. Built-inAC supply or 12VDC.OIRA.SK"h xIlWw xIIll"'d, IS Ibs LIST $1599.00BILL'S BASICSBY BILL WELSH, W8DDB" HOW TO" FORTHE NEWCOMERTO AMATEUR RADIOThe 1993 Novice RoundupA "Must"Event for Novice and Tech-PlusOperatorsThe AmericanRadioRelayleague(ARAL) sponsorstheannual NoviceRoundup (NR) Contest. This Is a nine-daycontest whichsandwiches a full week inbetweentwoweekends. IIIs apleasantlow-pressurecontest forNovices andTechnicians who may otherwise have lit-tle (or no) Interest In contesting.You canparticipate for Just afewminutes, or for aslong as 30 hours (maximum)in theNA.With10 meterbandoperatingcondltlcnegreatlydegradedsincelast year'sNRtit Is extremely Importantfor Noviceand Technician-Pius operators 10 use the1993NAas a code training exercise. TheNR provides anexcellent opportunityto In-crease codeproficiency. No one has acode speed that Is too lowfor NR activity.Mistakes are not just tolerated in the NR;they are expected.You must acquire reasonable code pro-ficiencytoupgradetohigher classli-censes. The NRgives agreat boost towardincreasing code proficiency. If you don'twant to Just wait for the 10 meter band toopen again (It will be a long walt), partici -pate In the NR to ge ta good start on up-grading to increased operating privileges.I lookforwardtocontacting manyof youduringthe NoviceRoundup, and I am goodfor aOSL.lf you are listed correctly inthecurrentCallbook, you wlll receive my cardif we have a contact.It you are not listedtherecorrectly, just send QSO(contact) in-formation to me, and you will receive myOSL. On the 10, 15, and 40 meter Novlcebands I canusuallybefound on 1230r 144(7123 or 7144 kHz, for example). I operateclose to 3700 kHz in the 80 meter Noviceband. l always respond totheweakest sig-nal I hear.Name.The name "Novice Roundup"was established manyyears before Tech-nician licensees were granted codeoper-atlnq pr ivilegesin theso-calledNovicebands. The nameremains appropriatebe-cause operation remains confined to thefrequency segments (sub-bands) availabletoNovice class licensees, onashared bas-Is withall classes of Americanamateur ra-dio licenseesother thancodeless Technl-45527 Third Street East, Lancaster, CA93535180268 CQ January 1993Thisphotographshows Les Taylor ,WAOCJIT (left),and RonWood, KB9HKB.Les hasdonea goodjob of increasing thenumberof amateur radiooperators in theDuluth, Minnesota areadurIng thepast 25years. He has tested more than 350pro-spective amateurs, andhisshackIs alwaysopen tothose who want some hands-on ex-perience. Ron Is one ofseveral ex-studentswho have been guests at WAOCJIT.clans. Technician-Pius licensees have fulloperatingprivileges above 50 MHz, buttheir NR activities are limited to frequen-cies shared with Novices.ObJective. The objective Is for NoviceandTechnician-Pius operators tocontactas many amateurs as possible. The con-test scoreis multipliedby thetotal numberof ARRUCRAL sections and foreign (DX)countries contacted.Participant s. This contest is primarilyfor American Novice andIechnlclan-Pluslicensees. but General, Advanced, Extra,andforeign (DX) operators arealsoinvitedto operateIn It. Noviceand Technician-Plus amateurs can work all amateurs (No-vice, Technician-Pius,General, Advanced,Extra, and DX), but General ,Advanced, Ex-tra, and DX amateurs are only allowed toworkNoviceand Technician-Pius ama-teurs inthecontest. This isagoodrule, be-cause it guarantees that at least one Nov-Ice or Technician-Pius Is involved in eachNr contact . This contest tsccentc all Nov-ice and Technician-Plus operatorsIn the50 states, plus those who are in U.S. pos-sessions and territories.Rules. Abasic conditionof entry for NRcontest participants Is that they abide bytheARAL NR nnes.dectstons otthe Agat,awards committee, and the regulations ofthe FCC. Falluretoabide bythese require-mentsIs reason for disqualification.It Iscommon to have other amateurs ask youwhat "NR"Is, or what the NR rules are,during the fi rst few daysof this contest. ItIsunreasonable for them to expect you tolose operating time providing such Infor-mation; It Is suitable tosimply direct theseoperators to the January Issues of CO orOSTfor NR details. Knowthe NRcontestrules andabide by them. Aead this articlecarefully a couple of times before gettlngon the air In the contest.Benefits. I adviseyou tooperate IntheNReven If you have a poor station and/orlowcode proficiency.It will be nice If youget acertificate for working at least 200 NRcontacts, and you will have just cause tobeextremely proud if you arethetop scor-er In your ARRLsection or division, oroneof thetopten scorers Inthecountry. How-ever, you donot need toachieve these loftyaccomplishments tobenefit fromNRactlv-lty. This contest provides agreatopportuni-ty to contact amateurs In many counties,states, and countries. You can probablywork more contacts during onedayof theNR contest than you normally workIn amonth. These contacts can helpyou quali-fy for hundredsof operating awards. Nov-Ice contactsremainvalidafter one up-grades, even if the callsign Is changed.NRoperatlonwllllet you judge yourop-eratingskillsand stationperformanceagainst those of other operators. NRpar-ticipation can alsohelpyou increasecodereceiving and sending proftclenclea tohelpyou prepareto pass licenseupgrade tests.You can benefit In many ways byoperatingIn contests.Compatilion and Awards. This contestprovides a unique opportunity for NoviceandTechnician-Plus amateurs tocompeteon the air against other Novice andTech-nician-Pius operatorsin their own AARLsections, plus against those who operatefromother ARALsections.Novices justcompeteagainst Novices, andTechnician-Plus amateursonly compete against Tech-nlclan-Plus operators: Novice and Tech-nician-Pius amateursdo not competeagainst each other In this contest .TheARRL issues a nice certificatetoeach Novice andTechnlcian-Plus amateurwhoparticipates In thecontest. These cer-tificates areendorsed appropriately for theSay You Saw It In CQ Legal Limit tuner Newroller inductor Gear driven counter Digital Bar graph Compatible withHF600 &Vector 500Warranty-January 1993 CO 69HFT-iSOOCntenna TunerCollins S-Line colourset radio frequencies on this subband are28102.3and 28104.3kHz. Voicecontactsare restricted to the 28.3-28.5 MHz seg-ment of thissubband. OnlyNovice andTechnician-Plus amateursare limited to200 watts maximum output power in the28.1-28.5 MHz Novice subband: all otherclasses of U.S.A. amateurs may operateat up to1500 watts PEP (peak envelopepower) maximum output power onthisNovice subband.The1.25mete rNovi ce subbandis222.1 0-223.91MHz. Novices andTechni-cians may operate all modes available toall other cl asses of USA amateurs on thisband. However, Novices(only) are limitedto 25watts maximumoutput power on thissubband. Thenational simplex packet ra-dio frequency is 223.40 MHz, and the na-tional simplex voicecallingfrequencyis223.50MHz. It isstandard practice tomake the initial contact on a callingfre-quency and to shift up or down one chan-nel to complete the contact. However, ifthecalling frequency is not busy, it isokaytocompletethecontact onthecallingf requency.The 23 centi meter Novice subband is1270-1295MHz. Novices and Techni-cians may use all modes that are author-Ized for useby all other classesof USAam-ateurson this subband. However, Novices(only) are limited to 5watts maximumout-put power on this subband. The nationalsimplex calling frequency is 1294.5MHz.-18VectorSOOCinear AmplifierCollins S-Line colours > 1,000 Watts PEP Input Table top 241b, 12"x 6"x 12" Lowcost lubes, 4 x 811APatentedcross-needletuning 160 to10 m including WARC 120, 220, 230, 240VACInputMonthClassic Quality from VectronicsHF Linear Amplifier & HFT1500C TImerThe NAcontest length Is215 hours and58 minut es. Novice and Technici an-Plusare allowedto work a maximum of 30hoursin theNA. TheNA log mustshoweach time you goon and off the air duringthe contest, and the minimum allowabletimeoff theair is 15minutes. listening timeontheair countsascontest operatingtime,and It must be shown as time on the air. Iadvise you to be completely honest in aUcontest matters; It helps you to accurate-lygaugeyour Improvement Insubsequentcontests.Frequencies,Modes, andOutputPowers, The 80meter Novice subband Is3675-3725 kHz. Only code (A1A) may beused. All classes of USAamateursare lim-Ited to 200 watts maximumoutput powerIn this subband.The40 meter Novice subband is 71 00-7150 kHz. Only code (A1A) may be used.All classes of USAamateurs are limited to200 watts maximum output power in thissubband.The 15meter Novice subband is 21 .1-21 .2 MHz. Only code (A1A) may be used.All classes of USAamateurs are limited to200 watts maxi mum output power in thissubband.The 10meter Novice subband is 28.1-28.5 MHz. Code(A1A) is allowed through-out this subband, but it is commonly usedjust inthe 28.1-28.3MHzsegment , whereAnY(radioteletype) and packet radio arealsoallowed. The suggested simplexpack-To obtain a free catalog,place an order or fortechnical information,please call:Fax: (416) 289-4638Phone: (416) 289-4637-Toll Free: 1-800-267-5354-CIRCLE 750N READER SERVICE CARDSay You Saw II In cotop-scoringNovice and Technician-Piusamateurs in eachARRL section and di-vision.General, Advanced, Extra, and foreign(OX) amateursareinvitedtotakepart intheNAcontest,but they arenot eligiblefor NAcertificates. Theseoperators prcvce con-tacts, cards, andcode practice for Noviceand Technician-Plus amateurs.No certificatesare awarded to OX Nov-Ices who operate In t he NA. However,American Novicesgreatly appreci ate op-portunities to contact OX amateurs, and Ihope manyOX amateurs will be on theNovice bandsduring this contest. Novi ceandTechracian-Plua amateurs are likely tobe happy with a fewOX contact s.Dates and11mes. The NRcontest startsat 0001UTC on the 30th of January, andit endsat 2359UTCon the7thof February.Simply stated, it starts Fridayevening (Jan-uary 29th) local time, andit endsearlySun-day evening (February 7th). If you are notfamillar with Coordinated Universal Time(UTC), you can listen to'WV'N(Fort Collins,Colorado) on50r 10megaHertz toheartheplain-language statement of time(UTe)every 5 minutes. Simply note the time dif-ference (in hours) between UTCand yourlocal time. The NAstarts 1minute past 4,5,6, and 7 PMPST, MST, CST, and EST,respectively. Similarly,lhe NR ends 1min-utebefore 4, 5, 6, and 7Pacific, Mountain,Central. and Eastern Standard Times. re-spectively.VectronicsCorporation Inc.Categories. Most entries are by singleoperatorstationswhereinthe individualNovice or Technician-Piusoperator trans-mits , receives, and logs all contacts with-out assistance. Multi-operator entries willbe accepted. Theassistance may beoper-ating and/or logging help during the NR.Operating. All NR contacts must bemade in the Novicesubbands.ANovice orTectmlclen-sfua operator must be involvedin each NR OSO (contact). General. Ad-vanced, Extra Class.andOX amateursshould not contact each other while theyare part icipating in the NR contest.Crossband contactsarenotallowed,such as receiving on 10meters and trans-mitting on 15meters. Crossmode contactsare nolonger allowed, such as listening toa OX voice station on 15meters and trans-mitting to her/him using code (Al A). NRcontacts are not allowed on any repeaterfrequency. Packet radio digipeaterccn-tacts do not countIn the NR.Thesamestationmay be contacted twotimes during the NR. Onecontact must bedigital (A1Acode, racicteletvpe, or packetradio), andthe other contact with thesamestation must bevoice (SSB orFM). Anysubsequentdigitalor voice contact withthe same station is invalid, regardless ofthe subband that is used.It is beneficial to use at least two bandsso you willhave a reasonable chance ofcontactingamateurs in manycountriesand ARRLlCRRL sections. The 15 and 10meter bandsprovidethebest opportunltlestocontact amateurs in othercountries(OX) , pl us amateursIntheCanadian(CRRL) provinces and distant parts of ourowncountry.Use 10and15during theday-light hours. Switch to 40 and 80 at nightwhen 10 and 15 close down. This type ofoperation provides the best possibilities ofworkingdesiredstat es, provinces. andcountries. Whenoperatingonthehigh-frequency (3-30 MHz) Novice subbands,it is advisable to start at the low end andto shift up throughtheband ascontacts aremade. Most NR contest activitywill be eve-nings of weekdays , plus night and day ofweekends. If you can do so, schedule youroperating lime to be on theair during peri -ods of maximum activity.Identification, Noviceadd/NandTech-nlclan-Plus amateurs add tt to their call-signs during this contest to indicate theireligibilityto allamateurs par ticipating inthe NR. As examples, a Novice with acall-signsuch asKB6RXUuses KB6RXUIN,and aTechnician-Plus amateur with a call-sign such as WA6FNM uses WA6FNMrrduring the contest. Out-of-area operationis also indicated in caustcre to minimizeconfusion. As anexample. if aTechnician-Plusoperator with an apparent Californiacauscn. such as WA6FNM, is operating inthe NRfrom Louisiana, he woul d identityasWA6FNMI5Tto indicate that heis oper-ating from ARRL Louisiana(LA) section in-stead of the Los Angeles (LAX) section.General. Advanced, and Extra Class li-censees are not requiredto indicate classof licenseas part of thecallsignusedIntheNR. However , many of us use IG, /A, or IEto make it very cl ear to other General , Ad-vanced, Extra. and OXamateurs that weare not valid NRcontacts for them;we areonly validNR contactsfor Novice andTechnician-Plus operators. ThisadditionalIdentification is particularly useful incasesin whichGeneral , Advanced. and ExtraClass amateurs haveretained call signsthat couldindicate they are NoviceorTechnician-Plus licensees.EXChange, The on-the-atr NR contestexchange is limited to asignal report (RSTfor code, or RS for voice) and one's ARRLsection. The ARRL sections are listed inTable I for your information. This informa-tion must be exchanged both ways for thecontact to count.Wheremoret han oneIdentifier Isshown, the preferred(shorter) Identifier Islisted first. You must knowyour ARRL sec-tion to participate in the NR. Fortunately,most ARRL sections are entire states orprovinces.Since the objective is to work as manyamateurs as possible, in as many coun-tries and ARRllCRRL sections as you cancontact in the NRcontest , it is helpful tomaintaina checksheet thatshows ataglance which countries and sections youhave already workedduring the contest.It is simple to start with a list showing allTHE ANSWERIS GAP TECHNOLOGY THEANSWERIS GAP TECHNOLOGY THE ANSWERIS GAP TECHNOLOGY6010 Bldg. B N, OldDixi. Hwy. V.ro hath,Fl 32967""The answerIs GAP'SrevolutionaryVoyager.What antennaconquered theworst conditionsin the world?(407) 778327870 ca January 1993Say You Saw It In caHAL Announces thePCI-4000PC-CLOVER SystemFor Fast, Bandwidth-Efficient HF DataHAL Communications Cofp.P.O. Box 365Urbana, IL61801Phone (21 7) 367-7373 fiiiiVlSA JFAX(217) 367-1701 ~PCI-4000 PC-CLOVER System Only $995.00The PCI-4000 uses the latest development in HF data transfer methods-CLOVER-II. CLOVER-Illsdesigned to maximize the amount of data which can be transferred In a narrow bandwidth overHF radiofrequencies. It uses acombination of fourtone frequencies with phase and amplitudemodulation to achieve data transfer rates as high as 60characters per second-about ten timesfaster than AMTOR. The PC-CLOVERsystemincorporates Reed-Solomonerror correction, not simplya retransmission scheme. The PCI-4000 isafull-sized PC cord which operates In a 80286-basedPC or higher.The PCI-4000 PC CLOVER system features:'"Higher throughput thanRTTY, AMTOR. Packet, or PACTOR on similar HF channel'"Simple pull-down menu operation"'Signal bandwidth of 500 Hz ( @50 dB down)"'PlUgSInto your PC (286. 386SX, 386, or 486 machines)"'Easy Interface to your transceiver'"Automatically adapts to HF band conditions"'Error correcting using Reed-Solomon error correctionYou've read about it in the articles. Nowyou can operate CLOVER!Order your PC-CLOVER system today from HAL Communications Corp.I CTICONN Connecticut SBIS BAR Santa BarbaraE MAlE MASS EasternMassac husett s SCV Santa Clara Vall eyME Maine SOISDG San DiegoNH New Hampshire SF San FranciscoAI RhodeIsland SJV San Joaquin Vall eyVT Vermont SVfSACV Sacramento ValleyW MAN! MASSwesternMassachusetts7 AKJALAS Alaska2 ENY Eastern New York AZ/ARIZ ArizonaNLI New York CitylLong Island EWAJEWASH East WashingtonNNJ Northern New Jersey IO/IDA IdahoSNJ Southern NewJersey MTiMONT MontanaWNY westernNew York NVINEV NevadaQRfQRE Oregon3 DEIDEl Delaware LI T UtahE PAlE PENN Eastern Pennsylvania W WA/WWASHWest WashingtonMDC/MD or DCMaryland/District of Columbia WYMlYO WyomingW PAtNPENN Western PennsylvaniaMIIMICH MichiganAUALA Alabama OH OhioGA Georgia WVNlVA Wesl VirginiaKY KentuckyNC/NCAR NOrth Carolina 9 ILlI LL IllinoisN FUNFLA Nort hern Florida IN/INO Indiana$CtS CAR South Carolina WlfWlS WisconsinS FLJS FLA Southern FloridaTN TennesseeCOICOLO ColoradoVA Virgi nia IA IowaWIN/ IN West Indies (KG4.KP4, KV4. et c.) KS/KANS KansasMN/MINN Mi nnesot a5 AR/ARK Arkansas MO MissouriLA Louisiana NO/NOAK North DakotaMSIMISS Mississippi NEINEB NebraskaNM New Mexico SOlS OAK South DakotaN TXlNTEX Northern TexasOKIOKLA QklahOma VEl MAR/NFLD Maritimes/NewfoundlandS TXIS TEX Southern Texas VE2 POfOUE QuebecW TXlWTEX western Texas VE3 ONIONT OntarioVE'MBIMAN Manitoba6 EBIE BAY East Bay VE5 SKlSASK SaskatchewanlAXILA LosAngeles VE6 AB/ALTA AlbertaQAG Orange VE7 Be British ColumbiaPAC Pacif ic (KC6. KH6. etc.) VEBNY1NWTN UK Northwest TerritoryNukonTable /- ARRL sections are needed as part of the NR contest exchange.theAARUCARl sections grouped by call-signareasandjust crossout eachsectionasyou work it. Maintainasecond list shaw.Ing the callsi gn of the first amateur con-tacted in eachcountry worked during theNR.Each time a new section or country isworked. it must beindicated(In sequence)inthe NR109. Simply start with numberoneandcontinue upasyou earnmultipliers, in-cluding countries other than Canada andthe United States.Typlcl' Contlct s. As is true in all con-tests. NR contacts should be as brief aspossible. Atypical goodNRcode cont actbetween KB6RXU and W6JEPin the firstfewdays of t his contest coul d be asfollows:CO NR CO NR CO NR CO NRCO NA DE KB6RXU/NCO NR CO NR CO NR CO NRDE KB6RXUIN KB6RXU/NCO NR CO NR CO NR DEKB6AXU/N KB6RXU/N KB6RXU/N K72 CQ January 1993KB6RXU K86RXU DE W6JEPW6JEP NA K _W6JEP DE K86RXU 8T 579LAX 579 LAX m
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