01 LTE Radio Parameters LTE Overview RL10 Draft002

For internal use only

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

LTE Functionalities and Features Overview

LTEPAR Pilot Düsseldorf CW 22 2010 & Reviewed


2 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Nokia Siemens Networks Academy

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Index

•Long Term Evolution (LTE) Radio Network

•RRM Framework

•Features Overview Roadmap and list of RRM features – roadmap a bit out of date due to changes in May 2010, RRM features are commented whether still in RL10 or moved into next release.

Presentation / Author / Date



LTE in 3GPP Release 8

3GPP and Operator Requirements

Packet Switched Domain Optimized

RTT <10 ms

Access Delay <300 ms

Peak Rates UL/DL 50/100 Mbps

Good Mobility and Security

Improve Terminal Power Efficiency

Frequency Allocation Flexibility with 1.4,3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz Allocations

WCDMA evolution work to continue

3-4 times higher capacity expected than with Release 6 HSDPA/HSUPA reference case

Study Phase

2004: 3GPP workshop on UTRAN Long Term Evolution

03/2005 Start of the study

12/2005 Multiple Access selected

03/2006 eNB/Core functional split selected

09/2006 Close of the study item & approval of work plan

Release 8 Stage 3 Output

06/2008 baseline

09/2008 baseline: Major PHY updates.

12/2008 baseline: Major MAC updates.

03/2009 baseline: Major L3 updates.



LTE/EPC Network Elements

Main references to architecture in 3GPP specs.: TS23.401,TS23.402,TS36.300

NOTE: Interface names are from draft specification and may not be the final interface names

LTE-UE

Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN)

MME S10

S6a

Serving Gateway

S1-U

S11

PDN Gateway

PDN

Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

PCRF

S7 Rx+

SGi S5/S8

Evolved Node B (eNB)

X2

LTE-Uu

HSS

Mobility Management

Entity Policy & Charging Rule

Function

S-GW /P-GW

eNB



LTE Radio Interface and the X2 Interface

LTE-Uu interface

• Air interface of LTE

• Based on OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL

• FDD and TDD duplex methods

• Scalable bandwidth 1.4MHz to currently 20 MHz

X2 interface

• Inter eNB interface

• X2AP: special signalling protocol

• Functionalities:

– For an inter- eNB HO to facilitate handover and provide data forwarding.

– In RRM to provide e.g. load information to neighbouring eNBs to facilitate interference management

– Logical interface: It does not need direct site-to-site connection, i.e. it can be routed via core network as well

(E)-RRC User PDUs User PDUs

PDCP

..

RLC

MAC

LTE-L1 (FDD/TDD-OFDMA/SC-FDMA)

TS 36.300

eNB

LTE-Uu

eNB

X2

User PDUs

GTP-U

UDP

IP

L1/L2

TS 36.424

X2-UP (User Plane) X2-CP

(Control Plane)

X2-AP

SCTP

IP

L1/L2 TS 36.421

TS 36.422

TS 36.423

TS 36.421

TS 36.420

[currently also in TS 36.300 §20]



S1-MME & S1-U Interfaces

S1-MME interface

• Control interface between eNB and MME

• S1AP:S1 Application Protocol

• MME and UE will exchange non-access stratum signaling via eNB through this interface ( i.e. authentication, tracking area updates)

S1-U interface

• User plane interface between eNB and serving gateway

• Pure user data interface (U=User plane)

MME

Serving

Gateway

S1-MME

(Control Plane)

S1-U (User Plane)

NAS Protocols

S1-AP

SCTP

IP

L1/L2

User PDUs

GTP-U

UDP

IP

L1/L2

TS 36.411

TS 36.411

TS 36.412

TS 36.413

TS 36.414

TS 36.410

[currently in TS 36.300 §19]

eNB

S1 interface is divided into two parts:



Physical Layer Technologies

Downlink: OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

Uplink: SC-FDMA (Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access).

Both FDD and TDD modes available.

Subcarrier spacing 15 kHz.

Scalable bandwidth.

Only FDD with 5, 10 and 20 MHz Bandwidth supported in RL10

FDD Carrier Bandwidth

[MHz]

Number of Resource

Blocks

1.4 6

3 15

5 25

10 50

15 75

20 100


11 © Nokia Siemens Networks HH / 28th March 2008

LTE UE Categories

• All categories support 20 MHz

• 64QAM mandatory in downlink, but not in uplink (except Class 5)

• 2x2 MIMO mandatory in other classes except Class 1

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5

10/5 Mbps 50/25 Mbps 100/50 Mbps 150/50 Mbps 300/75 Mbps Peak rate DL/UL

20 MHz RF bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz

64QAM Modulation DL 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM 64QAM

16QAM Modulation UL 16QAM 64QAM 16QAM 16QAM

Yes Rx diversity Yes Yes Yes Yes

1-4 tx BTS tx diversity

Optional MIMO DL 2x2 4x4 2x2 2x2

1-4 tx 1-4 tx 1-4 tx 1-4 tx



RRM Framework


The diagram shows the detailed RRM framework and other modules interacting with RRM :



RRM Framework


•UE scope:Handover control, power control, Adaptive Modulation and Coding, outer link quality control, MIMO

•Cell scope:Radio Admission Control, Congestion Control

•eNode B scope: Packet Scheduler (cell scope for simpler implementation)

•RAN scope:Load Balancing, Inter-cell Interference Coordination

•Multi-RAT scope: Interworking with GSM/EDGE and UMTS, inter-RAT HO



Layer 3 RRM

Connection Mobility Control

Layer 2 RRM

Time Scale

Call Duration

Interhandover Time

Channel Fading Time

Burst or Packet Duration

Traffic, Channel and Location Variations

Radio Admission Control

Intercell Interference Coordination

Fast DL AMC

1 ms

10 ms

100 ms

1 s

10 s

100 s

Load Balancing , Congestion Control

Packet Scheduling (UL/DL), fast ATB

L3 Signaling Delay

Slow UL Power Control (open/closed

Loop)

Outer Link Quality Control (OLQC)

UE DRX/DTX

Control

LTE TTI

Slow UL LA/AMC, Slow UL ATB

Dynamic MIMO Control

RRM Framework: Time Scale of RRM Functions



RRM Framework


•Radio Admission Control : Admission control will be encharged of deciding when new users (or mobility users) are allowed to establish bearers in the cell

•Packet Scheduler: Is encharged of UL and DL scheduling every TTI. PS will dedice which users are scheduled on a TTI basis and the amount of resources allocated to each user.

•Power control: For DL it will be a semi static configuration where as for UL RRM will provide feedback for closed loop power control to reduce UL interference.

• AMC (OLQC, OLLA) : AMC will perform link adaptation tasks to ensure radio resources are used in the most effiecient way possible.

•MIMO: This module is encharged of selecting whether Transmit diversity, Spatial multiplexing or dynamic switching between previous two modes will be emplyed for every user based on UE feedback

RL10

Functional Description of the different RRM Modules



RL10 release roadmap (roadmap reflects status of 10th March 2010)



RRM / Telecom

Open Loop UL Power Control and DL

Power Setting

CQI Adaptation (DL)

Link Adaptation by AMC (UL/DL)

Support of 64 QAM in DL

Fair Scheduler (UL/DL)

Cell Selection and Re-Selection

Intra Frequency Handover via X2

Transmit Diversity for Two Antennas

Downlink Adaptive Open Loop MIMO for Two Antennas

O&M

SON -Automatic Adjacent Cell Configuration

NetAct -Fault Management

LTE BTS Site Manager

Remote Electrical Tilt (RET)

Management

BTS Site Solutions

Flexi System Module: FSME

13 km Cell Range

Bandwidth: 5, 10 and 20 MHz

Frequency: 700 and 2600 MHz

Transport

Flexi Transport Sub-Modules: FTLB

Ethernet Transport

Synchronization from GPS

LTE FDD Release Roadmap

RL10 Ready for Contract

RL09 Available

RL20 Under Planning

RL30 Study Items

RRM / Telecom

Rate Capping per UE (UL/DL)

Ciphering / Integrity Protection

Inter RAT Handover to WCDMA

Closed Loop UL Power Control

S1 Flex

Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN)

O&M

SON -BTS Auto Connectivity

SON -BTS Auto Configuration

SON -NetAct Optimizer for LTE

SON -ANR

SON -ANR InterRAT UTRAN

SON -Self Healing I

LTE Security

BTS Site Solutions

Flexi System Module: FSMD

77 km Cell Range

Frequency: 800EU*, 900*, 1800*, 1700/2100 and 2100 MHz

Transport

Flexi Transport Sub-Modules: FTIB

Traffic Prioritization on IP Layer

Traffic Prioritization on Ethernet Layer

VLAN Based Traffic Differentiation

Traffic Shaping

LTE IPSec Support

Synchronization from Ethernet

RRM / Telecom

Support of Multiple EPS Bearers

Support of GBR EPS Bearer

Inter RAT Handover to eHRPD

DRX in RRC Connected Mode

SRVCC to WCDMA

SRVCC to GSM

CS Fallback to WCDMA

CS Fallback to GSM

Intra LTE Handover via S1

Inter Frequency Handover

NACC to GSM

Service Differentiation for Non-GBR

EPS Bearer

O&M

SON -ANR Fully UE Based

SON -ANR InterRAT GERAN/HRPD

SON -Self Healing II

Trace Support

BTS Site Solutions

Up to 6 Cells with One System Module

RF Sharing GSM - LTE

100 km Cell Range

Bandwidth: 1.4, 3 and 15 MHz

Frequency: 850 and 1900 MHz

Transport

QoS Aware Ethernet Switching

Ethernet OAM

RRM / Telecom

Transmit Diversity for Four Antennas

Downlink Adaptive MIMO for Four Antennas

TTI Bundling

O&M

SON - ANR Inter RAT UE Based

SON - Mobility Robustness Optimization

Online Performance Monitoring

BTS Site Solutions

RF Sharing WCDMA - LTE

System Sharing WCDMA - LTE

4-Way RX Diversity (MRC)

180W Flexi Multiradio Remote RF

Frequency: 1500 MHz

Transport

CESoPSN

Transport Link Redundancy

IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack

IP Transport Network Measurements

Note: Availability and order of different RF Module and Remote RF Head frequency variants pending on market need and customer orders

(* RL10 ED



Basic functionality

S1/X2 Data Path Management

S1, X2 and RRC Common Signaling

EPS Bearer Establishment and Release

Admission Control

System Information Broadcast

Physical & Transport Channels

PDCP, MAC & RLC Support

Fair Scheduler (UL/DL)

Paging

UE State Management

Single TX Path

Capacity / Coverage

Open Loop UL Power Control and DL Power Setting

Link Adaptation by AMC (UL/DL)

Transmit Diversity for Two Antennas

Downlink Adaptive Open Loop MIMO for

Two Antennas

Support of 64 QAM in DL

CQI adaptation (DL)

Mobility

Cell Selection and Re-Selection

Intra Frequency Handover via X2

LTE (FDD) RRM & Telecom Roadmap

Network Architecture

S1-Flex

Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN)

Services

Rate Capping per UE (UL/DL)

Capacity / Coverage

Downlink Adaptive Closed Loop MIMO for Two Antennas

Closed Loop UL Power Control

PUCCH Blanking

PDCCH Link Adaptation

Security

Ciphering

Integrity Protection

Mobility

Inter RAT Handover to WCDMA

Inter RAT Cell Re-Selection

Redirect to LTE or Other Technology

Services

Support of Multiple EPS Bearers

Support of GBR EPS Bearer

Robust Header Compression

DRX in RRC Connected Mode

Service Differentiation for Non-GBR EPS Bearer

UE AMBR Modification

Mobility

Inter RAT Handover to eHRPD

SRVCC to WCDMA

SRVCC to GSM

CS Fallback to WCDMA

CS Fallback to GSM

Intra LTE Handover via S1

Inter Frequency Handover

NACC to GSM

Capacity / Coverage

Support of 64 QAM in UL

Transmit Diversity for Four Antennas

Downlink Adaptive Closed Loop MIMO

for Four Antennas

Channel Aware Scheduler (UL)

TTI Bundling

Extended Cyclic Prefix

Mobility

Inter RAT Handover from WCDMA

Support of High Speed Users

SRVCC to 1xRTT

CS Fallback to 1xRTT

Service Based Handover

Load Based Handover

Services

Support of Cell Based Location Service

E911

RL10 RL09 RL20 RL30 RL10 Ready for Contract

RL09 Available

RL20 Under Planning

RL30 Study Items



RL10 new features list with comments (roadmap reflects status of 10th March 2010, however, some features has been moved to further releases)



RL10 New Features – RRM part commented

BTS Site Solution LTE74 Flexi System Module FSMD

LTE86 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 2100

LTE88 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 900*

LTE99 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1.7/2.1

LTE101 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 1800*

LTE437 Flexi 3-sector RF Module 800EU*

LTE547 Flexi RRH 2 TX 800EU* New

LTE76 Flexi BTS legacy MHA Support

LTE94 Feederless Site

LTE97 Cell range 77 km RL10-OK

LTE155 Flexi BTS 3rd party MHA Support

LTE899 Antenna Line Supervision

LTE900 Flexi LTE BTS 40W Power Support

LTE903 Flexi LTE BTS 60W Power Support

LTE904 Branch Activation in Triple RF Module

Transport LTE129 Traffic prioritization on Ethernet layer

LTE131 Traffic prioritization on IP layer (Diffserv)

LTE138 Traffic shaping (UL)

LTE707 Flexi Transport sub-module FTIB

LTE710 Synchronization from PDH interface

LTE711 Synchronization from 2.048MHz signal

LTE875 Different IP addresses for U/C/M/S-plane

LTE132 VLAN based traffic differentiation

LTE134 Timing over Packet

LTE713 Synchronous Ethernet

RRM/Telecom (commented in red)

LTE38 Integrity protection

LTE423 RRC connection release with redirect RL10 OK

LTE426 System time broadcast for SIB8 (Moved to RL20)

LTE747 Support of UE radio capabilities RL10 OK

LTE749 Link adaptation for PDCCH RL10 OK

LTE761 Advanced target cell selection and handover

retry for intra frequency handover RL10 OK

LTE762 Idle mode mobility from LTE to WCDMA, GSM

or other LTE bands RL10 OK

LTE905 Non GBR QCI 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 RL10 OK

LTE2 S1 Flex (Moved to RL20)

LTE4 Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN) (Moved to RL20)

LTE13 Rate capping (UL/DL) (moved to RL20)

LTE28 Closed loop UL power control RL10 OK

LTE37 Ciphering RL10 OK

LTE56 Inter RAT handover to WCDMA (Moved to RL20

LTE703 Downlink adaptive closed loop MIMO for two

antennas (Moved to RL20)

LTE786 Flexible UL Bandwidth (Moved to RL40)

LTE807 Idle mode mobility from LTE to CDMA/1xRTT (Moved to RL20)

LTE870 Idle mode mobility from LTE to CDMA/eHRPD (Moved to RL20)

LBTS1.0, NetAct 5.2 CD3

*) RL10 ED



RL10 (Feature Under Development 0.9) O&M, Performance Management

LTE152 LTE Feature Management

LTE654 LTE Configuration Management

LTE655 LTE Software Management

LTE147 LTE Hardware Management

LTE468 PCI Management

LTE720 SON LTE BTS Auto Configuration

LTE783 Automated Neighbor Relation (ANR) Inter RAT UTRAN

LTE154 SON LTE BTS Auto Connectivity

LTE492 Automated Neighbor Relation (ANR)

LTE653 LTE Operability Architecture

LTE656 LTE Fault Management

LTE657 LTE Performance Management

LTE432 Cell Outage Detection

LTE433 Basic LTE Cell Trace

LTE817 Call Logging

LTE150 LTE OAM Transport Layer Security (TLS) Support

LTE746 IP based Filtering for BTS Site Support Equipment

LTE666 LTE User Account Management

LTE667 LTE User Event Log Management

LTE665 LTE Certificate Management

LTE685 Infrastructures for Certification Authority (CA) and

Registration Authority (RA)

LTE689 LTE IPSec Support

LTE692 LTE Firewall Support

LTE663 GPS location and time retrieval

LTE691 BTS Site Manager Direct Application Access

LTE913 LTE NEBS Compliant OMS

LTE770 Basic Performance Counter Collection II

LTE797 PM Counter Handover I

LTE805 PM Counter Capacity I

LTE806 PM Counter Transport I

LBTS1.0, NetAct 5.2 CD3

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01 LTE Radio Parameters LTE Overview RL10 Draft002

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