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OPERATIONAL PLANNINGOPERATIONAL PLANNING

MissiMissiononVisioVisionnGoalGoalss

HETC PROJEC

T

PROPOSALUniversity of ……………..

We are here We are here nownow

Data Data CollectiCollecti

onon

Data Data AnalysisAnalysis

Problem Problem IdentificatiIdentificati

onon

ImprovemeImprovement Plannt Plan

- Designing - Designing ActivitiesActivities

Internal Environment Internal Environment

Organizational Culture

ResourcesHuman; Physical;Financial

Process & Services

Output & Outcome

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Having identified the problems, root causes of problems, and possible solutions, the taskforce should select the most suitable set of solutions from all possible solutions

Convert the selected set of solutions into activities and sub-activities, including estimates of resources required

Conceptualizing the Conceptualizing the Improvement PlanImprovement Plan

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IMPROVEMENT PLANIMPROVEMENT PLAN

PRESENT PRESENT CONDITIONCONDITION

Comprehensiveness Coherence Clarity Soundness

DESIRED DESIRED CONDITIONCONDITION

IMPROVEMENT IMPROVEMENT PLANPLAN

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IDENTIFIEDIDENTIFIEDPROBLEMSPROBLEMS ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES IMPROVEMENT IMPROVEMENT

PLANPLAN

• SWOT• Force-Field• PEST• Gapetc

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FORCE-FIELD ANALYSISFORCE-FIELD ANALYSIS

PROBLEMPROBLEM Forces – Factors

influencing problems

Driving Forces change an equilibrium towards favourable conditions

Restraining Forces change an equilibrium towards unfavourable conditions

Certain conditions in a working organization

resulting dissatisfaction

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CONSTRUCTING ACTIVITIESCONSTRUCTING ACTIVITIES

Restraining ForcesRestraining Forces

Driving ForcesDriving Forces

1 2 3 4

1’ 2’ 3’ 4’

Activity 1:• Reducing Factor 2• Reducing Factor 4• Increasing Factor 2’

Activity 2:• ……………………• ……………………• ……………………

Activity 3:• ……………………• ……………………• ……………………

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DESIGNING ACTIVITIESDESIGNING ACTIVITIES

InvestmenInvestment based t based

ProposalProposal

E.g. Improving laboratory facilities

E.g. Improving Skills

should be transformed to

An investment cannot be claimed as an An investment cannot be claimed as an activity !activity !

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DESIGNING ACTIVITIESDESIGNING ACTIVITIES

Rules to observe in designing an Activity

Activity is Not just an Investment

Activity should have clear Output

Activity should have clear Reason/Rationale

Why do we need to have this activity

Why we select this activity rather than others

What is this activity aimed at

An investment is just a direct consequence of having an activity

(necessary Resources Required to conduct that activity) !

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DESIGNING ACTIVITIESDESIGNING ACTIVITIES

Criteria of a Good Activity Simple – not complicated

Measurable – achievement/progress can be measured

Achievable – the scope is manageable

Rewarding – Output/Outcome contribute to the objectives

Timeframe – properly planned staging

Sustainable – does not stop at the end of the project life

Students as the Primary Students as the Primary Beneficiary !Beneficiary !

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ACTIVITY FORMAT ACTIVITY FORMAT (Guidelines – pp.10-11)(Guidelines – pp.10-11)

Why the activity is needed (link to problems) & How it would solve problems

What are the Objectives, Outcomes & Beneficiaries

How the activity will be implemented (sub-activities)

When the activity will be carried out (time-schedule)

What are the resources needed

………………………………………………………

How its effectiveness will be measured

How to sustain the activity

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ACTIVITY – EXAMPLEACTIVITY – EXAMPLE

:

Improving English Language Skills of Undergraduate Students

 

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Background & RationaleBackground & Rationale

• Graduate employment rate low

• Their English language skills do not satisfy present job market

• English courses are offered but motivation of students is low

• Undergraduates have inadequate levels of English proficiency- less opportunities available at the university for improvement

• Undergraduates should be provided more learning opportunities to improve English language Skills

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Objective(s)Objective(s)

Students would be able to

• complete the specified English language skills certification programme satisfactorily

• follow selected courses in the degree programme in English medium without difficulties

• find a good employment within a short period after the graduation

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Mechanism& DesignMechanism& Design

• English language skills certification programme linked to labor market needs

• Motivating students for self-learning (selected Courses in English medium, assignments etc)

• Monitoring & Evaluation

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Implementation ScheduleImplementation Schedule

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Resources RequiredResources Required

• Instructors

• Audio-visual & other equipment for language lab

• Books, other self learning materials etc.

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Performance indicatorsPerformance indicators

• Outcome Indicator: Proportion of students completing the English language skills certification programme

• Intermediate Outcome indicator:No of students enrolled in English

language skills certification programme

• Auxiliary indicator:………………….

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SustainabilitySustainability

• Make the English language skills certification programme compulsory

• Financial sustainability: University funds/generated funds

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UNSUSTAINABLE ACTIVITYUNSUSTAINABLE ACTIVITYSYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS

1.Waiting Time for the First job – High

2.First Salary – Low

3.Ability to compete with other graduates – Low

Proposed ActivityProposed ActivityImproving Improving

English Language English Language SkillsSkills

POSSIBLE PROBLEMSPOSSIBLE PROBLEMS1.Poor Management Skills

2.Poor ICT Skills

3.Poor English Language Skills

INFLUENCING FACTORSINFLUENCING FACTORS1. Poor Management Skills2. Students’ English Proficiency – Low3. Staff English Proficiency – Low4. Course Units in English Medium – None 5. Library Collection in English – Inadequate6. Literature Survey assignments – None7. Language Centre – Available8. Student Motivation to learn English – Low

Mechanism & DesignMechanism & DesignIntensive English Course for Final

Year Students at the Language Centre

Resources RequiredResources Required•Short-Term Staff Training

•Equipment for Language Centre(s)

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SUSTAINABLE ACTIVITYSUSTAINABLE ACTIVITYSYMPTOMSSYMPTOMS

1.Waiting Time for the First job – High

2.First Salary – Low

3.Ability to compete with other graduates – Low

Proposed ActivityProposed ActivityImproving Improving

English Language English Language SkillsSkills

POSSIBLE PROBLEMSPOSSIBLE PROBLEMS1.Poor Management Skills

2.Poor ICT Skills

3.Poor English Language Skills

INFLUENCING FACTORSINFLUENCING FACTORS1. Poor Management Skills2. Students’ English Proficiency – Low3. Staff English Proficiency – Low4. Course Units in English Medium – None 5. Library Collection in English – Inadequate6. Literature Survey assignments – None7. Language Centre – Available8. Student Motivation to learn English – Low

Mechanism & Mechanism & DesignDesign

•Course Units in English

•Literature Surveys

•Motivating Students for Self Learning

Resources RequiredResources Required•Short-Term Staff Training

•Equipment for Language Centre(s)

•Self Learning Materials

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TYPICAL FLAWSTYPICAL FLAWS

No link to the Identified Problems; Failure to justify the Proposed Activity

Too Broad; No link to the Background

Vague; Too General; Confusion about Investments (Cost Components)

Wrong sequence; Inconsistent with Targets; Confusion about Investments (Cost Components)

Focus only on the Financial Aspect

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there are no favorable winds there are no favorable winds for those who do not know for those who do not know

where to go ….!where to go ….!