1

Climate Change, Poverty EradicationClimate Change, Poverty Eradication

Presented by Omar F sami Omar F sami ID 01276982ID 01276982

100/f100/f

Feb 22,2012

U MASS BOSTON UNIVERSITY

Class Presentation

One small videos clips about climate change affect in human life in Bangladesh .

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aw8q2t1SYko&feature=relmfu

2

3

Background

• Climate change is happening and it is a reality

• Most victims are poor, they loss more but recover less

• CC, significant barriers/challenge to meet MDGs

• CC enhances existing risks and vulnerabilities

• Flood, droughts, storm/cyclone, salinity intrusion etc destroys annual harvests of Asia and the Pacific

• Vulnerability is highest in LDCs in the tropics and subtropical areas

Source: ADB and Others, 2003

4

Sources of GHGsSources of GHGs

Energy SectorEnergy Sector• Energy Industry• Manufacturing Industries• Transport• Residential Sector• Commercial• Agriculture

Agriculture SectorAgriculture Sector• Crop Agriculture• Livestock and Manure Management-

Landuse Change and ForestryLanduse Change and Forestry• Conversion of Land• Consumption of Timber and Deforestation

5

6

Future Changes in climate

Rainfall Increased water availability in moist tropics and high

latitudes Decreased water availability and drought in mid-latitudes

and semi-arid low latitudes Temperature

Global temperatures are likely to increase by 1.1 to 6.4°C from 1990 to 2100 (best estimates 1.8 to 5.4)

Sea level rise Sea levels are likely to rise in the range of 22-34 cm

between 1990 and the 2080s Extreme events

Likely that future tropical cyclones, typhoons, and hurricanes will become more intense, with larger peak wind speeds and more heavy precipitation

7

Temperature

Rainfall

Sea level rise

• Agriculture• Water• Energy• Foods• Transportation• Health• Infrastructure• Economy• Disaster

management

Potential ImpactsImpacted Sectors

8

Potential impactssome insights

Safe Water supply ↓ at the same time that water demand ↑ in growing urban areas

Over 25% of the developing world's urban population, including 392 million residents in Asia, lack adequate sanitation.

Storage/treatment capacity would need to expand thus increasing system costs.

9

Potential impacts

Housing prices and insurance costs increase in flood zones

Loss of property/land from sea level rise and subsidence

10

• Future primary physical effects in the Coastal Zone

• extreme events: cyclone and tidal surges will be aggravated under climate change; and

• coastal morphology change: increased river bank erosion and Disturbance of the balance between river sediment transport and deposition in rivers, flood plains and coastal areas.

Bangladesh Case

11

Physical Vulnerability Context  

Extreme

Temperature

Sea Level Rise Drought

Flood Cyclone and

Storm Surges

Erosion Sectoral Vulnerability Context

River Flood

FlashFlood

Coastal Inundat

ion

Salinity Intrusio

n

+++ ++ +++ +++ +++ ++ +++ - Crop Agriculture

++ + + ++ ++ + + - Fisheries

++ ++ +++ + + + +++ - Livestock

+ ++  - - ++ + + +++ Infrastructure

++ +++ ++ - ++ + ++ - Industries

+++ +++ +++ + ++ + + - Biodiversity

+++ + +++ ++ ++ - ++ - Health

- - - - + + +++ +++ Human Settlement

++ + - + + - + - Energy

Bangladesh Case

(Source: NAPA-BD, 2005)

12

Poverty Trend

Regions 1990 1998 2008 (Projection)

East Asia 28 15 9

Eastern Europe and Central Asia

2 5 10

South Asia 44 40 31

Sub-Saharan Africa 48 46 52

Latin America 17 16 23

Global 30% 24% 22%

Source: World Bank: 2001 (World Development Report: Attacking Poverty)

13

Adaptationsome specific measures

Changes of cropping pattern: Plant two or more crops instead

of one or a spring and fall crop with a short fallow period to avoid excessive heat and drought in midsummer.

For already warm growing areas, winter cropping could possibly become more productive than summer cropping.

New crop varieties: Flood, drought and saline

tolerant varieties

14

Few examples in Bangladesh

Increase income through

alternative livelihoods

Duck Rearing Over 1500 people

practicing as of September 2004

Cage Aquaculture More than 100 adopters

as of September 2004

15

Few examples in Bangladesh

Increase income through

alternative livelihoods Vegetable farming Household level

nurseries

16

Few examples in Bangladesh

Increase income through

alternative livelihoods Vegetable farming

at household level

17

Few examples in Bangladesh

Increase income through

alternative livelihoods Floating gardens/farming

18

Thank you