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1. Energy Transformations Most forms of energy can be transformed into other forms. Energy transformation: a change from one form of energy to another

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A. Single Transformations One form of energy sometimes needs to be transformed into another to get work done Example: toaster transforms electrical energy to thermal energy

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B. Multiple Transformations Often a series of transformations is needed to do work Example: mechanical energy used to strike a match is transformed into thermal energy, thermal energy causes the particles in the match to release stored chemical energy which is transformed into thermal and electromagnetic energy as you see light

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2. Transformations Between Potential and Kinetic Energy One of the most common energy transformations is the transformation between potential energy and kinetic energy.

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A. Energy Transformation in Juggling Kinetic Energy Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

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B. Energy Transformation in a Pendulum

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C. Energy Transformation in a Pole Vault Kinetic Energy Potential Energy

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3. Conservation of Energy Law of conservation of energy: when one form of energy is transformed to another, no energy is destroyed According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed.

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A. Energy and Friction Friction transforms mechanical energy to thermal energy

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B. Energy and Matter Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space Matter can be transformed into energy. Matter and energy together are always conserved