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1
ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS OF METABOLISM
CHAPTER 5
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Metabolism
Anabolism Catabolism
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Energy Capture
Oxidation
Reduction
Redox
NAD+ + e- -------> NADHOxidized form Reduced form
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Metabolic Lifestyles — Autotrophy
Photoautotroph
Chemoautotroph
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Metabolic Lifestyles — Heterotrophy
Photoheterotroph
Chemoheterotroph
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Metabolic Lifestyles Summary
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Enzymes
Role
Structure
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Enzyme Sites
Active Site
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Enzyme Inhibition
Competitive
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Enzyme Inhibition
Non-competitive
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Allosteric Site
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Reaction Rate Influences
Temperature
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Reaction Rate Influences
pH
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Enzyme Reaction Rates
Enzyme concentration
Reactant concentration
Product concentration
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LeChatlier’s Principle and the BioChemical Pathway
A + B C + D
Want to go forward? Increase concentration of A + B or Decrease concentration of C + D
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Anaerobic metabolism
Glycolysis
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Anaerobic Pathways
Alternatives
Fermentation
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Emden-MeyerhoffStandard glycolysis
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Entner-Douderoff pathway
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Aerobic Metabolism
Krebs Cycle (aka. TCA cycle, citric acid cycle)
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Krebs cycle
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Electron Transport Chain
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Electron Transport Chain
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Chemiosmosis
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Anaerobic Respiration
Final electron acceptor differences
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Fat Catabolism
Glycerol
Fatty Acids
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Protein Catabolism
Deamination
Carbon skeleton usage
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Protein anabolism (amino acid synthesis)
Precursors off of Krebs cycle
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Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis
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Other Metabolic Processes
Photoheterotrophy (Rhodopseudomonas)
Light as energy carbohydrates as carbon source
Chemoautotrophy (Nitrobacter)
HNO2 as energy CO2 as carbon source
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Uses Of Energy
Biosynthesis
Membrane Transport Active transport/antiport
Movement ATP to drive flagella or cilia
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Bioluminescence
Microbial Source