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Formosa Energy & Material Technology Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.Co., Ltd.

Breakthroughs in Energy Breakthroughs in Energy Storage Technology –Storage Technology –

Lithium Iron Phosphorous OxideLithium Iron Phosphorous OxideBattery Cathode MaterialBattery Cathode Material

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Operating Revenue (US$) : US$ : 67.1 Billion (2008) Employees : 94,268 Worldwide Affiliates > 50 ( Taiwan, China, USA etc. )( Taiwan, China, USA etc. )

Overview of Formosa Plastics Group

Major Business : Petrochemicals (Gasoline, Oil etc. ) Plastic Raw Materials (PVC,PE, ABS etc. ) Fibers & Textiles ( Polyester, Nylon, Rayon etc.) Electronic Materials (Battery Battery Material,Material,LED,CCL, PCB, DRAM, and Silicon wafer)

Social Contributions : Education & Medical

Three Universities Seven Hospitals

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The Organization Chart of Formosa Plastics Group

Formosa Plastics Group

Nan-Ya PlasticsCorporation

Formosa Plastics Corporation

Formosa Chemical & Fiber Corp.

Formosa Petrochemical Corporation

Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.

Changs Ascending Enterprise Co., Ltd.

Formosa Biomedical Technology Corp.

Executive Board

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Overview of Formosa Energy & Material

Technology Co., Ltd.•Location ： -Head Office ： 5F 201 Tunghwa N. Rd, Taipei -Plant ： 359 Sec 3 Chungsun Rd, ChangHua

•Product : Battery Cathode Material

•Patent : US Patent 7494744

•Production Capacity: 4,800 MT/yr in 2009

•Employees : 121 people

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• The VisionThe Vision The clean and green energy source providerThe clean and green energy source provider

• The MissionThe Mission

A world leader in supplying Li-iron based A world leader in supplying Li-iron based materials possessing high quality with high materials possessing high quality with high volume for high power and bulk energy storage volume for high power and bulk energy storage applicationsapplications

The Vision And The Mission

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Technology Evolutions & Milestones

Advanced nickel based electrode material patent awarded by USPTO in 2000

Success in the development of new generation polymer battery without the use of conventional separator in 2001, patent rights worldwide applied

Novel anode material developed successfully in 2002

Success in the development of SFCM material in 2005

Major supplier of cobalt based cathode material to EONE-MoLi in 2004 (18650 batteries)

Material development

Started from 1994

Success in the mass production of lithium manganese series, lithium nickel cobalt series, and mixed oxide cathode materials in 2003.

Success in the mass production of SFCM, in 2006

Heavy duty power system successfully developed in 2007. Example: for fork lift and vehicle starter

Mass production of affordable bulk energy storage system for family and industrial applications.

2009

Over 20 journal publications and 10 patents were published in the area of advanced materials and batteries

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Why Lithium Iron Why Lithium Iron System?System?

Characteristics of lithium iron batteries:1. High weight energy density:

— 100Wh/kg, much better than lead acid ~40Wh/kg2. High rate capability

— Up to 30C for surge, 3~5C for continuous use3. Cyclability

— Minimum 2000 cycles with 70% capacity remaining— Potential to 5000 cycles

4. Safety consideration— The best in lithium iron batteries, compatible with lead acids

5. Environmental consideration— No toxic component and is RoHS compatible — Waste reduction eventually owing to prolonged cycle life

6. Price consideration— Expected to be comparable with lead acids

7. Availability— Materials required are the most abundant elements in the world

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Performance of Supreme Ferrous Cathode Material (SFCM )Capacity

Test conditions:

• Three electrode test cell

• C/10 charge/discharge

• Lithium reference

• 14~16mg/cm2

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4

4.2

4.4

0 50 100 150

Volta

ge (

V)

Capacity (mAh/g)

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Features of SFCM1. High in materials consistency 130±3 mAh/g2. Excellent in high rate capability: continuous >10C durable3. High in solid content: 55wt% or more 4. High in active material (>95wt%):

- No additional carbon black needed, - Binder less than 5 wt%

5. High in rolling density: Normally > 2.2g/cm36. Excellent slurry characteristics: Free flowing

at high solid content (55 wt%)7. Production efficient:

- Allows fast coater speed owing to less solvent content- Excellent adherence to the substrate (No further treatment for substrates required )- Water based binder/solvent system allowed

-- As a result, high yield, high performance batteries can be obtained at low cost !

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  Conventional LiFePO4 Formosa’s SFCM

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General formula: LiFePO4 General formula: Li Fe(1-x)MxP(1-x)O2(2-x)

This material does not obey the LiFePO4

stoichiometry (proved by chemical analysis as (Fe+M): P ≠1:1)

2 Olivine structure Defective olivine structure plus the allowance of impurities

3 No creation of defective structure Creation of defective structure by means of oxidizing atmosphere as well as the incorporation of “stoichiometric compounds”. This is totally different from any prior art starting with the stoichiometric ratio of Li: M: P = 1:1:1 (Simple cation substitution)

4 Defect type: None Defect type: Anion defects

5 Structure and property relationship not clear (Structure--- > not necessary excellent property; Structure --- > not easy processing protocols or high processing difficulties such as inert atmosphere)

Structure and property relationship is obvious (Defective structure --- > good electronic conductivity --- > not sensitive to carbon content --- > as a result, low processing requirements)

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Current Status of SFCMCurrent Status of SFCM

• Materials patent has been applied worldwide including US and Japan

• Supreme Ferrous Cathode Material (SFCM)— Current Production 480 Tons / Year

• A New plant will deliver 4800 Tons / Year in 2009

(World #1 Manufacturer and Supplier)

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Example I. Full Cell Test (18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)

18650

Conventional standard for lap tops

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Example I. Full Cell Test (18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)

18650 Cell with LiFe Cathode

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LiFe

Example I. Full Cell Test (18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)

18650 Cell with LiFe Cathode

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Example II. Full Cell Test (40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)

Conventional standard for lap tops

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Rtae Capability Test

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3

3.2

3.4

3.6

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5

Ah

Vol

tage

1C 3C 5C 8C 10C 11C

Example II. Full Cell Test (40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)

Rate Capability Test

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Example II. Full Cell Test (40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)

Overcharge TestV

olt

ag

e (

V),

Cu

rren

t (A

)

Tem

pera

ture

(oC

)

Volt(V)

Current (A)

Temp (oC)

Overcharge Test

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Example II. Full Cell Test (40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)

Short Circuit Test

Volt(V)

Temp (oC)

Volt

ag

e (

V)

Tem

pera

ture

(oC

)

Short Circuit Test

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Example II. Full Cell Test (40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)

Penetration Test

Volt

ag

e (

V)

Tem

pera

ture

(oC

)

Volt(V)

Temp (oC)

Penetration Test

2020

Weight energy density: 12V*60Ah/16kg = 45 Wh/kgVolume energy density: 12V*60Ah/7.627L = 94 Wh/L

Comparisons of SFCM with Lead-Acid Batteries

Charge_Capacity(Ah)

Discharge_Capacity(Ah)

0 53.9313613830.56461147 22.2825753222.87982048 17.1122881616.32443664 13.8212847413.62990254 12.3416188512.09367501 11.2314199311.00932521 10.4380586210.37784947 9.9297043439.88756616 9.522692207

9.625993978 9.339955879

Current(A), Voltage(V) vs. Test_Time(s)

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000

Test Time(s)

Cu

rren

t(A

)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Vo

ltag

e(V

)

1-001 Current(A)

1-001 Voltage(V)

Cycling Behavior (1st ~10th cycles)

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Examples For Various Examples For Various Applications Applications

Product TypeProduct Type CharacteristicsCharacteristicsHome Energy Storage Home Energy Storage

SystemSystem

(Status: UPC System With (Status: UPC System With 30kWh Capability Ready)30kWh Capability Ready)

Deep Cycling Affordable, Easy For Deep Cycling Affordable, Easy For Maintenance, Long Service Life Maintenance, Long Service Life

Vehicle Starting BatteryVehicle Starting Battery

(Status: Ready)(Status: Ready)Light Weight (4kg vs. 15kg) , Gas Light Weight (4kg vs. 15kg) , Gas

Saving (15~20%)Saving (15~20%)

Fork Lift Battery and Golf Fork Lift Battery and Golf CartCart

(Status: Ready)(Status: Ready)

Heavy Duty Durable, Short Time Heavy Duty Durable, Short Time Charging, Long Service LifeCharging, Long Service Life

Home Use ApplicationsHome Use Applications

(e.g. Lawn Mower, Power (e.g. Lawn Mower, Power Tools, E-bike, Cordless Tools, E-bike, Cordless

appliances etc.)appliances etc.)

Light Weight, Ready For OEM or ODMLight Weight, Ready For OEM or ODM

Battery for Lighting Battery for Lighting Application Application (Status: Ready)(Status: Ready)

High Temp. Durability, High Efficiency, High Temp. Durability, High Efficiency, Long Service LifeLong Service Life

HEV and EV Use BatteryHEV and EV Use Battery

(Status: Partnership (Status: Partnership Needed)Needed)

Light Weight, Smart Control of Battery Light Weight, Smart Control of Battery and Module, SOC, SOH, SOF Strategy and Module, SOC, SOH, SOF Strategy

ReadyReady

UPS Battery SystemUPS Battery System

(Status: 80kVA Ready)(Status: 80kVA Ready)High Power Capability, Long Service High Power Capability, Long Service

Life (e.g. 12 years) With Partial Life (e.g. 12 years) With Partial Replacement OnlyReplacement Only

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Other Successful Examples For Other Successful Examples For Various ApplicationsVarious Applications

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Successful Examples for Successful Examples for Various ApplicationsVarious Applications

Heavy Duty Fork LiftsVehicle Starter Battery

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Successful Examples for Successful Examples for Various ApplicationsVarious Applications

36 Hole Golf Cart (Club Car)

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Successful Examples for Successful Examples for Various ApplicationsVarious Applications

Battery Type

Road Slope

Max Speed

Voltage Current

Vehicle Weight + Battery Weight + Load Remarks

km/hr (V) (A) kg

LiFe Bat

DC 48V60 Ah

(9.6 mΩ)

Flat 19.60 52.03 18.8 305 + 60 + 400=765Using Road Slope Simulator

6o 8.20 50.80 61.4 305 + 60 + 400=765Using Road Slope Simulator

14o 5.30 49.23 116.0 305 + 60 + 400=765Using Road Slope Simulator

16.7o 4.29 48.00 130.0 305 + 60 + 400=765 Real Road Test

19.29o 3.13 47.60 142.0 305 + 60 + 400=765 Real Road Test

22.78o 2.34 47.00 163.0 305 + 60 + 400=765 Real Road Test

26.56o 2.30 45.00 218.0 305 + 60 + 400=765 Real Road Test

Lead Acid Bat

DC 48V190 Ah(26.6 mΩ)

Flat 14.80 49.52 23.4 305 + 190 + 400=895Using Road Slope Simulator

6o 7.00 46.52 74.1 305 + 190 + 400=895Using Road Slope Simulator

14o 3.50 44.93 134.4 305 + 190 + 400=895Using Road Slope Simulator

16.7o 3.98 43.60 185.0 305 + 190 + 400=895 Real Road Test

19.29o 2.72 43.10 198.0 305 + 190 + 400=895 Real Road Test

22.78o 1.63 42.50 223.0 305 + 190 + 400=895 Fail during Test

26.56o 305 + 190 + 400=895 Not Tested

14o 4.7 45.61 117.1 305 + 190 + 270 =765 130kg Reduced in Load

22.78o 2.11 42.5 190 305 + 190 + 270 =765Failure during test130kg Reduced in Load

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Final Product DemonstrationFinal Product Demonstration(Family Use Appliances)(Family Use Appliances)

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ConclusionsConclusions• SFCM based batteries will replace lead-acid, nickel cadmium,

nickel metal hydride batteries, and become the main stream of high power, large scale power batteries

• Formosa has the production capability of 480 tons/year (currently the world #1 materials provider). The new plant will extend the production to 4800 tons/year in 2009

• Formosa has been successful in the development of heavy duty or high power systems for applications such as UPC, vehicle starting, fork lift, E-motorcycle. All applications shown have been either commercialized or in the process of field testswith potential customers

• The concept of “localized” and “miniaturized” energy saving system should be promoted and advocated in the future for resolving the energy and environment problems simultaneously

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ContactContact WindowWindow

• Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.

• Sales ManagerSales Manager

Steven ChenSteven Chen : : stevenchen@npc.com.twstevenchen@npc.com.twTEL : (886) 2 2712-2211 ext 7819TEL : (886) 2 2712-2211 ext 7819FAX : (886) 2 2717-8381FAX : (886) 2 2717-8381