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Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.
• Very big & complex model
• Very big & complex model
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• Lignin» High reactivity» Low reactivity
• Cellulose» High» Low
• Xylan» High» Low
• Glucomannan» High» Low
• Alkali• Sulfide
• Lignin» High reactivity» Low reactivity
• Cellulose» High» Low
• Xylan» High» Low
• Glucomannan» High» Low
• Alkali• Sulfide
Dissolved lignin
Dissolved Carbohydrates
Passive alkaliPassive sulfide
Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.
Use Purdue Pulping Kinetics
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• Transport in and out of chip modeled with an overall mass transfer coefficient• All components are assumed to diffuse in and out of chip at the same rate.
• Transport in and out of chip modeled with an overall mass transfer coefficient• All components are assumed to diffuse in and out of chip at the same rate.
Solid Entrapped Liquor Free Liquor
Tc, vc, pc, ρsiρei
Tfl, vfl, pfl, ρfl
Lo reactive ligninHi reactive ligninCelluloseAraboxylanGalactoglucoman
Active EAPassive EAActive HSPassive HSDissolved LigninDissolved Carb-ohydrate
Reaction Site
Mass Transfer
Δz
ε
η
Tc, vc, pc, ρsi ρeiTfl, vfl, pfl, ρfl
Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.
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• Digester is divided up into a series of CSTRs that chips and liquor flow into and out of.» 60 to >100 in a digester
• Model assumes no radial gradients.
• Digester is divided up into a series of CSTRs that chips and liquor flow into and out of.» 60 to >100 in a digester
• Model assumes no radial gradients.
Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.
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• Use Harkonen model to calculate chip pressure and compaction as a function of kappa number.
• Use Harkonen model to calculate the pressure drop in the chip bed.
• Mass balance - w/ kinetics• Heat Balance - w/ kinetics• Momentum balance
• Use Harkonen model to calculate chip pressure and compaction as a function of kappa number.
• Use Harkonen model to calculate the pressure drop in the chip bed.
• Mass balance - w/ kinetics• Heat Balance - w/ kinetics• Momentum balance
Dynamic model of continuous digester to predict
Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.
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• Kappa, [OH-], [HS-], dissolved solids, chip density (function of extent of cooking), void fraction of bed, chip velocities, liquor velocities, temperature profiles, chips & liquor, chip porosity
• Model has been used to examine different control strategies and the effect of grade changes.
• Kappa, [OH-], [HS-], dissolved solids, chip density (function of extent of cooking), void fraction of bed, chip velocities, liquor velocities, temperature profiles, chips & liquor, chip porosity
• Model has been used to examine different control strategies and the effect of grade changes.
Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.Model predictions
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Fundamental continuous digester model – Doyle et al.Model results
Comparison of predicted and measured blow line kappa number SW-HW (top) and HW-SW (bottom) transitions where solid line is nonlinear model prediction.