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Important Background InformationDNA is a chemical that contains information

for an organisms growth and functions. DNA is made of two strands of molecules that resembles a twisted ladder or double helix.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kK2zwjRV0M

Chromosomes are basically compacted DNA, humans have 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs.

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Haploid vs Diploid CellsDiploid Haploid

About Diploid cells contain two complete sets (2n) of chromosomes.

Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes (n) as diploid - i.e. a haploid cell contains only one complete set of chromosomes.

Cell Growth and Division

Diploid cells reproduce by mitosis making daughter cells that are exact replicas.

Haploid cells are a result of the process of meiosis, a type of cell division in which diploid cells divide to give rise to haploid germ cells. A haploid cell will merge with another haploid cell at fertilization.

Examples Skin, blood, muscle cells (also known as somatic cells)

Cells used in sexual reproduction, sperm and ova (also known as Gametes). 3

Haploid Vs Diploidhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1yu1Zuy_

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Make a Venn Diagram

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Asexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Both

Types of reproduction in living organisms

Pass DNA from

parent to offspring

Asexual ReproductionRequires only one parentOffspring have 100% the same chromosomes

as the parent.In other words, the offspring are exact “clones”

of the parent.Most unicellular organisms reproduce this way.MitosisMovie

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Asexual ReproductionBinary Fission

BacteriaProtists

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Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction where every organelle is copied and the organism divides in two.

Asexual ReproductionBudding

Hydra Movie

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Budding is a means of asexual reproduction whereby a new individual develops from an outgrowth of a parent, splits off, and lives independently.

Asexual ReproductionFragmentation

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Fragmentation is a means of asexual reproduction whereby a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals.

Asexual ReproductionRegeneration

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Regeneration occurs when a body part has broken off and the organism grows a new one.

Asexual ReproductionExamples of organisms that reproduce

asexuallySea StarStrawberryArchaebacteriaEubacteriaEuglenaParameciumYeast

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Sexual ReproductionRequires two parents that each share ½ of

the genetic information.Offspring share the characteristics of each

parent.Meiosis

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Sexual ReproductionAll the members of the

Animal KingdomFishMammalsAmphibiansBirdsReptilesInsectsCrustaceans

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Sexual ReproductionPlant Kingdom

Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants.

Some flowers have both male and female reproductive organs on the same flower.

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Male flower

Female flower

Sexual ReproductionExamples of organisms that reproduce

sexuallyChickensIguanasLobstersSharksHumansButterfliesSunflowersRoses

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Sexual ReproductionHappens 2 ways

Internally (inside) The egg is fertilized by sperm inside the female

Mammals, birds, reptiles, insects, spiders

Externally (outside) The egg is fertilized by sperm outside the

female The female lays the eggs and then the male

fertilizes them. Fish and some amphibians Plants and fungi (pollen and spores)

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SummarizeWrite two paragraphs with 6 sentences each

describing asexual and sexual reproduction.

Paragraph 1: Asexual reproduction is…..Paragraph 2: Sexual reproduction is…

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