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ITGS - 01

Computer in human life (don’t) know:

• Work network.

• Leisure.

• etc students

Computer: in human life

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ITGS - 01

Computer in human life (don’t) know:

• Alarm clock digital wrist clock;

• TV and radio;

• CD/DVD & MP3 player;

• Telephone;

• Heating home.

Computer: in human life

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ITGS - 01Computer: in human life

I think that today could apsolutely be THE WORST DAY OF MY LIFE. Get this, last night i set my alarm clock to 6 45 am. I remember triple checking my alarm clock to make sure i wouldn't be late once again for school, just like i was late almost every single other day this week. When my mom walked into my room at 9 45 with a pan in her hand, threatening to beat me up if i didn't wake up right away, i jumped up and started yelling. I checked my alarm clock to check what the problem was, and it turned out that i set it to 6 45 pm. After screaming some more, i got dressed and begged my dad to drive me to school. When i got to school i realized that i had about half a ton of toothpaste tangled in my very frizzy and curly hair. And thanks to the rush i was in, i realized that i came to school in my bunny slippers that i walk around in the house with.So, i got to school right on time for my lesson. I had a lot of work waiting for me, first i had finish designing the web page for our school, then i had to write an essay. To make my day even better, the minute i got in the computer lab i realized that EVERY SINGLE computer had a virus, and wasn't working. I started screaming some more.

Tijana Petrovic and Milana Marinkovic

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ITGS - 01Computer: in human life

Wake up: Alarm clock, mobile phone, radio, telephoneMorning news and temperature: TV, radioTraffic jam: TV, radio, mobile phoneCold morning: heatingTransport: computer in a carTraffic jam: traffic lightsParking place: company garage doorEntrance to the company building: key card45th floor: liftOffice: key cardJob: computer, mobile phone, printer, clock, telephoneGround floor: liftTransport: computer in a carLunch: telephone, credit cardsResting: music, TV, DVD,CD playerBowling: computer for rising pinsPaying the bill: credit cardsPlaying games at home, Internet: PC

Authors: Srđan Vujasin,Andrea Vudrag

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ITGS - 01

Computer in human life (don’t) know:

• Newspaper;

• Weather forecast;

• Heating town;

• Transport;

• Hotel

• Restaurant

Computer: in human life

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ITGS - 01

Charles BabbageJacquard’s automated loomAugusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelance, the dautgher of poet Lord Byron (first computer programmer)Unfinished Analytic Engine

Computer: before

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ComputerBlack box

Inputs:

• Mouse

• Keyboard

•…..

System unit

Outputs:

• Monitor

• Printer

•…..

Input/output:

• Floppy

• Fax

• CD/DVD R/W

• USB (FLASH MEMORY, …)

•…..

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Computer

The same computer different jobs.

Restaurant, Home, Hotel, Military, Space, Newspaper, Industry…

Inputs:

• Mouse

• Keyboard

•…..

System unit

Outputs:

• Monitor

• Printer

•…..

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Computer

The same computer different jobs.

• Hardware the same• Software different (system, application, user)

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Computer

The same computer different jobs.

• General-Purpose Computer• Special-Purpose Computer

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Computer technology

Electrical devices used in computers:• Electromechanical relay• Vacuum tube• Transistor;• Integrated circuit (IC)

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Computer technology

The first computers, tube based, were: big, expensive, need staff, big place, …

New technology (silicon)

The transistor, invented in 1948.

The first used in computer 1956.

Computers with transistors were smaller, chipper, faster, reliable

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Computer technology

Mark I 1944.• Electromechanical relay• Six times faster than a person

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) two months after the end of war.

• 18,000 vacuum tubes

UNIVAC • first general purpose commercial computer

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Computer technology

1956 – transistors were used in computers

mid 1960s new integrated circuits were used in computers

The first microprocessor was invented in 1971.

Silicon chip

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Computer quality

Reliability (new devices can be test before Size (new devices means smaller computer)Speed (shorter distance, faster computer)Efficiency (smaller devices, loss electrical power)Cost (mass production chipper computer)

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Gordon Moore

Gordon Moore the chairman of chipmaker Intel 1965

Prediction:

The power of a silicon chip of the same price would double about every 18 months

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Intel vs Motorola

IBM PC: which microprocessor

• Motorola

• Intel

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ITGS - 01

Server

• Work & resources for other computer over a network.

• Application for multiply users.

Computer: Server, Workstation & PC

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ITGS - 01

Mainframe

• Mainframe computer – room-sized computer.

• today: (banks, airlines)• as refrigerator, • a million $• in a climate-controlled rooms

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS - 01

Mainframe• Terminal = keyboard + screen + little local processing power • Terminal transfers information to ad from the computer.• Distance between M & T (same or another room or another country)

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS - 01

Mainframe• Terminal = keyboard + screen + little local processing power • Terminal transfers information to ad from the computer.• Distance between M & T (same or another room or another country)

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS - 01

Mainframe• Timesharing = small part of time for each user

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS - 01

Mainframe• weather forecasting• medical pictures• telephone network design• simulations (car crash, scientist, engineer,...)

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS - 01

Mainframe (used)• weather forecasting• medical pictures• telephone network design• simulations (car crash, scientist, engineer,...)

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS - 01

Supercomputer superfast, superpowerful computers are called supercomputers.

Computer: Mainframe & Supercomputer

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ITGS – 01

Workstation

• Computer power

• Interactive application

• Scientific workstations

Computer: Server, Workstation & PC

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ITGS - introduction

PC: two meanings:• Personal computer – PC (IBM)• Personal computer – General-purpose single-user computer

PC – made by or compatible with IBM’s product.

Computer: Server, Workstation & PC

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ITGS - introduction

Personal computer vs. desktop computer Portable computer – laptop computerNotebook computer (sometimes called laptop computer)Laptop computer (computer on your lap while you work)Subnotebook (extralight, ultramobile)Expansion bay (one device can be inserted at a time.)

Computer: Portable 1

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ITGS - introduction

Laptop vs. desktop computer Docking station or port replicator (connect laptop to an external monitor, keyboard, mouse and disk drive).Handheld computers Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs).

Computer: Portable 2

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ITGS - introduction

and computer (digital satellite receiver, wristwatch, toy, game machines, stereo, oven, air condition, digital video recorders DVR, car.Programs of special purpose computers are part of computer and can’t be altered.Firmware- a hybrid of hardware and software.

The Emergence of Net computer Embedded computer

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ITGS - introduction

The invention of timesharing (1960s) allowed connection:• a mainframe computer • and individual terminals.PC replaced terminalLocal area network (LAN). Wide area network (WAN).MAN

The Emergence of Networks

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ITGS - introduction

Computers in network share:• storage,• printers• processing power.

The Emergence of Networks 2

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ITGS - introduction

Electronic mail (E-mail).World Wide Web (WWW)• Web browser (navigable window)• Hypertext links

The Emergence of Networks 3

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ITGS - introduction

• Word processing and desktop publishing• Spreadsheets and other number-crunching applications• Databases• Computer graphics and digital photos• Digital audio, digital video, and multimedia

Applications: computers in Action 1

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ITGS - introduction

• Telecommunication and networking• Artificial intelligence• Entertainment• General problem solving

Applications: Computers in Action 2

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ITGS – Hardware Basic

Computers perform only 4 functions:• Receiving input• Process information• Produce output• Store information

What computers do 1

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ITGS – Hardware Basic

Hardware components specialized in each of these 4 functions:• Input devices• Output devices• A microprocessor, Processor, CPU• Memory - Storage devices

What computers do 2

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ITGS – Hardware Basic

Memory:• Primary storage RAM• Secondary storage

What computers do 3

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ITGS – Hardware Basic

Number Systems:Number v.s digit• Decimal numbers• Binary numbers.• Conversion

Binary Number System 1

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ITGS – Hardware Basic

• Bits as Codes (ASCII)• Bits as Codes (number).• Bits as Instruction (programming)

Binary Number System 2

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ITGS – Hardware Basic

Unique 8-bit code:• 256 unique charactersUnicode• A character set that uses 2 bytes 256*256=65636 = 64K distinct codes.• Double byte character set called UNICODE.

ASCII v.s Unicode 1

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ITGS - introduction

Social & Ethical issues The difficulty about persons who owns information about you. each group example. each student one example

Who owns information?

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ITGS - introduction

Social & Ethical issues The difficulty about protecting High-tech crime. each group example. each student one example

High-tech crime?

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ITGS - introduction

Social & Ethical issues The difficulty of defining and protecting intellectual property in an all-digital age Education CD by my group. each student one example

Intellectual Property

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ITGS - introduction

Social & Ethical issues The risk of failure of computer systems communication problem. billing errors lost data

Failure of computer systems

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ITGS - introduction

Social & Ethical issues The abuse of information as a tool of political and economic power information-rich people and countries v.s information-poor.

The abuse of information

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ITGS - introduction

Put them in the correct order : Start application Programs Application Start button

Windows: Jumbled the Words

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Sources

Computer confluence